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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑 # s1 F# p5 X- w: W7 V( \; y3 _8 X1 R0 k
$ |: x D; K3 {http://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688- G f6 y7 g* u9 P; {0 e5 p0 ~
9 a3 ]3 ?6 u/ w& U, |8 X; Y* H- |0 wJohn Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China
; V7 {8 R+ H H8 ]9 ~7 g1 @YANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of2 f: I" A0 t- g( _
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
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* n& E7 b" v) d* uLI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of* N) ~- E6 |0 n/ d) j* l+ ~5 r2 g8 e
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.- w: q; x* W- L+ {% U
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Supported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) ./ ~5 f; s2 @; H
Received 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 2018, i7 ?7 J8 Z4 {
Published online 26 January 20183 n: _6 S6 Z4 p: ]# y
p, ^* b2 H) f& y
4 h6 y Y% B! j4 {. [' X bAbstract( [/ a' r/ d7 Q$ E! M1 D- f; u/ Z- y+ s
John Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing
6 ]8 q/ N! t9 W' NDynasty who came to China and was employed by The
0 w9 S8 v+ _2 ^" d6 uTranslation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been
+ t* ~3 s( P# Q8 F9 a; ~/ [0 L( kengaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not
/ G! H0 d! H+ _; c& W( y9 Jonly having translated a great deal of Western scientific7 _, ?1 U. r! \7 `: {& J3 G8 q% w
works into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly" W1 @" W6 l9 U/ C$ H: ?; [
to the standardization of the scientific terminology! x7 G4 N8 e( B
translation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s" m$ G5 C' X; v9 ?
scientific translation practice and his translation ideas,( |; V! l0 o1 h7 }
and then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the
8 A& a0 c. G7 q) y- v+ Xstandardization of the scientific terminology translation( i! s5 n/ k/ G8 u3 o' ^
in Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien
! X! k6 Z1 E8 T6 a9 e, Vhe established had helped greatly with the popularization
5 |1 d; @( m9 }( d0 O. c# @. l4 Vof modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring
) ?+ p7 K5 q" U8 sthe Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way
8 S, W5 L, L& _0 ] L7 a0 j+ Ofor the term translation of modern chemical elements, and- H) R% c* G8 ~) |. _: [
that various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a
6 b( S. V4 F p1 P4 J" R$ Fgreat degree, had standardized the translation of scientific
; }6 k; U6 @. eterminology.9 c5 K+ \$ |* F: n ^, Q
Key words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;0 q6 z4 M- l7 P' h3 Z& {" Q1 S+ q, c
Standardization of terminology translation
' L. h: s$ X& `* {' t) GYang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to% S7 K6 g' _2 c- I- C! z% f
Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern
3 l. l/ z' E* u! tChina. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available/ Y; J0 e) h5 u$ M* h
from: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213
`" y- I3 T5 A& ADOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/102137 P4 J8 B$ u' ?, r0 b& g2 G5 R
s& W2 L! U3 M# R" [2 |7 K. l/ x' u& C5 M
INTRODUCTION. q: p+ t, p' e$ e6 U+ o1 A# j' _
John Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and8 m L+ u4 `' l( l {2 t2 G
a great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).4 O( b$ `4 Q& n; ?6 }# W7 c
Driven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to
2 f2 o9 |" f6 Q- c$ \Hong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of
2 u/ |2 n8 x; C" tSt. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed
( m, {% D7 `: c f9 B" q$ }by The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as% w7 K4 e; c9 F$ T
an editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on4 W% W% c5 W, ^5 I# z# o
his job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-
7 F' O4 W" }/ c) U' p& I0 _1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific
6 E# L4 R" c, S# J8 S' U& s+ Fworks and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,. o! K& o" w- v/ s# n+ g, Q" }
Fryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.
1 o' [4 Q: k5 |0 ZNamely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated- L" q5 N0 r3 u* Z' e
to him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant: h; T' A' Z- V9 D; T1 F- G
would transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,
' [& |% b4 J0 brevise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,
, m- Z% e/ f, t, HFryer translated more than one hundred of Western
# K; m. D4 ]) U6 K j8 v; Ibooks that made him the most productive one among the
9 W0 P# Z& z! Q" T& a! f. L; v6 Wforeign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,/ w) q6 U3 @5 P. y( H0 @
translating Western scientific books into Chinese was a
( X5 V: G# \. Tnoble work which could help accelerate the process of6 O4 f B8 X8 ?& I Z
people’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).
( F4 i) ]! F3 `( R4 v1 [. H$ F- uIn addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer% _) i \$ L- c* P
also paid much attention to the dissemination of Western
2 J& K& h D9 c5 p- H8 @8 ^science and the standardization of translated scientific: ?6 E z* _' o* ?3 j
terms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific8 i: A. ]/ j6 l# }6 g
magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the
# w0 ~7 |) q w/ G) d) y* q- ?0 ^1 Uestablishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another
6 H* Y, e; P+ T$ s9 Wcontribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series
, I% k7 [ W ?* h4 [9 Cof chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in
8 Y" D( k) ?" Q' [0 H" [( SModern China.1 a! Z5 Z- ?2 v: g1 s2 T
An American scholar Dagenais (2010) published
. b- f( j; D: K& g2 A: v) E% J3 iThe John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of! E' g2 D. F- n c- C/ G
travel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing
+ F/ F. |! d: }( ] M t, g" wa lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In1 `- I* o, c/ E) A9 ^5 M. r
John Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and: E+ s9 ]" y6 F1 \4 K" t
Technology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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