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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑
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http://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/106881 A: J. i: y, C
( z% U* A* p2 b( ?/ j }+ ZJohn Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China3 c8 p5 t0 E; f, f+ t
YANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of1 s9 w+ v* G9 {0 Z, q* M; `
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
) M0 Y3 _& Z! E& }
5 v4 ]" ~) x9 I: k: zLI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of' [ i! c) H7 r% r! ]
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China./ z- b$ d+ n5 b+ v+ n
% c8 K# P' ]. \+ o/ `# ?9 a/ _6 FSupported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .
0 }7 m O3 u" N: j3 I' k) j' `% w0 ^Received 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 20181 ^& W9 m/ v6 D
Published online 26 January 2018
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Abstract) H( k; t7 m! Y( _2 v" M
John Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing4 U$ w! ?# X6 G# W
Dynasty who came to China and was employed by The) e0 }5 E0 g. l n7 A
Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been7 B2 y8 l- A9 w m: a: U
engaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not; N8 _0 G2 j: j8 x( f
only having translated a great deal of Western scientific5 [7 X9 J4 C) `+ A# B6 y. |4 s
works into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly
# s! s" g! |5 k3 y& Mto the standardization of the scientific terminology: w) f2 `; j3 w# O0 Z
translation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s
: O! H. a5 A5 h0 i# \0 n& {scientific translation practice and his translation ideas,
, V$ \% o! { land then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the, ~$ l0 Q/ p2 j& k0 q
standardization of the scientific terminology translation
, `4 @6 t3 e: r2 j( _% ?in Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien
7 ]4 p1 m7 |' Q+ Z* @he established had helped greatly with the popularization
8 t' Q# D" U& n0 L: X7 Rof modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring2 j+ Z& O2 n( v# X3 B. |; v9 G: Z
the Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way
. L- T2 x! j! G3 Mfor the term translation of modern chemical elements, and
' S$ y- p# G# y& A- h9 D ~ ]that various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a% t' ^+ ^% F" O$ b
great degree, had standardized the translation of scientific7 D' d& y' W# q8 P6 ]3 d
terminology.
: y$ |2 |- G, S; ~5 D0 nKey words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;
0 J, |2 {3 E j( c. l. `% e* MStandardization of terminology translation
$ M7 T4 t s& W7 g5 gYang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to! H) v/ H9 {: R; n
Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern0 ^% Y! N' J, _4 o& ]
China. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available6 Q) I; N9 H/ F; x
from: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213
! I) r3 ~. M( d# H8 yDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/10213. h4 e2 z# g: {: z+ f2 K) {7 R
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7 b g. ~; `/ dINTRODUCTION
1 i5 C, K% u0 }: M. x+ O( ]$ oJohn Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and5 q3 Q0 M4 p- {: Z Q
a great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).9 s& S T( Z6 U2 ~7 {! w
Driven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to6 Q" M. u# U# H% {) n6 A
Hong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of
7 X! z0 S' T$ r- H4 g% W# B9 QSt. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed
5 u# z7 H% r7 L4 G1 [% P! Hby The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as$ q3 r0 P. _% k; x; J4 ?) ~' u
an editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on
* z( T/ r) S: l/ H5 M# H. T' X. R) Q$ ahis job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-: V" `& @) R' O) ~3 E
1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific
. K1 F' o5 F. I+ M% C5 [5 oworks and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,
' @: w5 |" _3 ~. R* w* J {1 \8 BFryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.
5 {( Q# H( v( ANamely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated
! E5 H% {2 a2 j; o0 X8 Qto him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant
8 G1 p7 I% L% s- J9 O. ? C2 ~; Wwould transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,
1 ~& Q$ w7 H9 N2 ^* p4 ^revise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,
! m# J% Y+ l1 j, `3 P4 o7 BFryer translated more than one hundred of Western: X/ m! |6 _: K4 y
books that made him the most productive one among the
9 |: u7 H6 B7 y4 t2 b) sforeign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,
. V2 g& W6 V0 m6 W' r: x- J* Otranslating Western scientific books into Chinese was a
! ^4 s- p9 J" dnoble work which could help accelerate the process of
$ \5 q. ]2 ?- h, wpeople’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).
( z z# G8 x+ f8 n" a6 }- R; OIn addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer
. h0 c* }! N9 q* U- }/ E R1 p* Talso paid much attention to the dissemination of Western$ v( f# l' [, T/ Z( d; ~) w
science and the standardization of translated scientific
/ u: M2 f6 x k' ~( O5 y% |terms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific
( s7 w' r& b0 lmagazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the, t( R. ^# w" W9 E2 q
establishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another2 L! Q/ t8 m# l% r" a0 B; } n, H ?
contribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series0 W- y- [; B6 E" }" n4 A
of chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in
- ~& h* O/ o/ ^; K. fModern China.5 |7 u- |, C, W* A. q0 {
An American scholar Dagenais (2010) published3 f- {6 v a' R6 Q8 D0 \
The John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of+ B' O; j: L8 g+ M' a$ N. r- R
travel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing6 j" E' n( f4 \- }( o0 p9 y1 Y
a lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In! B' f) n- X4 `: P
John Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and& Q9 P# O, N- G. \2 U9 P3 J" q
Technology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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