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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑 - g! ^0 r4 t7 F- O E6 J
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http://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688
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John Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China+ |' B1 A! x' B0 T
YANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of" N, ^( J4 M3 ]7 o4 T2 J( u( I
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.. N4 H0 [" B, m# V5 r& r8 m; I
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LI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
! c3 r) ?+ q) v4 l$ z1 oFinance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
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Supported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .
7 {3 M# X/ X$ Z/ R) ZReceived 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 2018
& j( `' ]" t- W! I# f% \& bPublished online 26 January 2018$ N7 ?) J( e7 d2 z2 ^
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- u4 u! B: y* TAbstract; _8 Z1 f4 v" }' E- X+ o- T" z
John Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing
. v5 E( h$ H& N* UDynasty who came to China and was employed by The# f3 {7 P" n9 B: E' {( _" C5 o, b) D
Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been
; ]1 e- ~9 k9 ~engaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not5 C" b- K U/ U7 E$ N
only having translated a great deal of Western scientific1 M: B M. q2 A
works into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly' b5 }9 V1 O; u7 f3 C( \
to the standardization of the scientific terminology
( [$ L7 A' D/ \1 f8 m& |( }1 k! u3 ytranslation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s
/ _* E' x/ H. P3 ~% D( `" Dscientific translation practice and his translation ideas,
* g( `, k" ], s& M' n0 Jand then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the
+ A3 }( b# k+ B# g1 H8 v+ x. }standardization of the scientific terminology translation
6 a' ^% S' ?) K/ `% |6 Cin Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien- }% ^- F; ^& j' i6 k
he established had helped greatly with the popularization
0 L& I. v' |; y/ ^( nof modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring
% c: r# a7 f( K( I6 D2 O0 rthe Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way
: A% `8 a% a4 W. k J, J- O% [9 z+ mfor the term translation of modern chemical elements, and" c( k# m) K; L3 {$ ?# D3 h
that various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a
, s |. c5 d* A3 d+ n% n8 u& ^great degree, had standardized the translation of scientific+ p( b6 f1 K: l% _
terminology.
3 h0 G9 b- G7 N! T8 WKey words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;2 b) S! E, q) X+ y/ A
Standardization of terminology translation
" ~% X$ ~( O2 oYang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to; y% n% b/ f7 {7 U" G K/ C8 O
Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern
" Z+ r& N9 D9 ^9 f2 O- U6 c; R, ~China. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available
% d$ t: B; Z' [3 P: L0 afrom: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213% m4 N1 }' \9 H% e W. o: b/ {& v$ Y2 ^
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/10213* i6 `$ @: F- o
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INTRODUCTION
3 D3 o% O1 p6 ]9 wJohn Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and1 [: A) Z: I2 f8 G( [( i. H% N8 V
a great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912)./ [" {( \) n' d2 s
Driven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to
2 K' k, e8 F/ r, B6 v. CHong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of) K8 w4 P. z; w! z
St. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed0 G( M# |! i4 p/ K0 [- T |- ]
by The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as
' H5 c6 R8 }/ f. k7 h( [, `, @/ v3 Yan editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on
+ \" z# X. ?" _" Nhis job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-% c% _+ B+ Z0 V: B) C; p
1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific
* \8 h0 |! `/ w- B7 s% S' }! O: Gworks and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,
" G& y+ F& g7 uFryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.
0 Y, g9 ^2 ~' H2 h9 \0 M8 TNamely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated
, i( t. U& j) n, c/ h. ~ N# x3 Nto him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant
! C" x& B* J* E7 K, u" f9 P* ^would transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,
u- P3 z0 f) C7 k. }2 `6 Krevise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,
# q& M7 [8 A- z0 [! H) c1 u, QFryer translated more than one hundred of Western
7 Y/ P/ c: { E3 H n5 J3 z# Kbooks that made him the most productive one among the# _! ~. d5 \6 ~/ \- ^- n" \+ ?
foreign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,
! l8 I' C2 z5 o l$ Etranslating Western scientific books into Chinese was a/ @' X1 e4 h/ u
noble work which could help accelerate the process of
& D2 r" J0 k8 Z4 O hpeople’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).) w Q# w8 A4 m. p% g
In addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer
4 j+ u* P2 t; p$ V' ~1 |! Galso paid much attention to the dissemination of Western
z% W# {* ^" c6 p$ {! p( {- @% w1 |5 G, Ascience and the standardization of translated scientific
2 p' E* W5 @' N7 Fterms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific k% [- p7 { `3 Q/ E# v) P+ C4 c4 b3 @
magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the0 q) Y& `5 h& D/ B
establishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another4 E6 C/ s& _. C, M- e7 A# x
contribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series
- D4 H, @" q% p: Q/ Rof chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in
+ [5 C) d2 l' m' O; UModern China.
& s% S) C6 }4 h/ E! DAn American scholar Dagenais (2010) published x: X4 N" u6 L! a1 f4 y' o
The John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of, v& @* y8 o5 a! }" a2 Z
travel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing0 w& d# O% J- ~+ X4 R
a lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In" z* {2 r/ L3 [% P+ d5 a7 L' d4 E! G
John Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and3 J' j) X6 |1 {
Technology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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