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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑
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2 P6 }+ }/ d: o1 J3 Lhttp://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688
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John Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China
8 G/ ?. y7 Y& r! XYANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of7 G G6 ^; @+ E4 j |0 s: W @* R/ O
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China." d# j) G9 s2 `9 j! F! `7 J( F& E
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LI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of- V' I" t3 w) Y; g: g( Y
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
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7 V* S; F. R7 o' c. C' pSupported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .
* W/ ]8 M4 t5 c8 e S) n$ yReceived 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 20187 y. E) @) q) }; t+ ^- S
Published online 26 January 2018
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; Q; y3 t, X) l- {& u6 Q, eAbstract
2 {1 d Y! O1 B* l! K5 WJohn Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing( Z( }/ P; D% W6 t( q. [
Dynasty who came to China and was employed by The
9 Q9 N8 ]0 h, {& ]% _Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been
. d. H7 j5 w* }( N5 N. Mengaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not
+ q- m$ {& W, ]% x2 oonly having translated a great deal of Western scientific
& [* Z& Q; H# e h. d$ Hworks into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly
% B- D ~8 A7 z6 r; U* N2 {1 Vto the standardization of the scientific terminology8 a4 Q0 _+ o3 S, J
translation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s3 o+ ]. j x2 T2 V/ t" e
scientific translation practice and his translation ideas,
1 v2 Z T& S+ B9 r/ h; ]% u) aand then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the h# \: ~1 W8 Y. f1 T; o& g
standardization of the scientific terminology translation
- `/ v; T, T0 j" A. Y6 v% f% U1 iin Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien: q. ]0 G8 @ N2 D$ @0 M# L
he established had helped greatly with the popularization7 q, ?; _9 U/ y3 z9 t I
of modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring
% _2 L+ ~; m% d( e K6 athe Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way8 H9 x( Y8 k) D: B3 Q! m
for the term translation of modern chemical elements, and
2 D$ X2 I$ w) z/ Pthat various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a" u/ G" n5 @% k$ n
great degree, had standardized the translation of scientific" K, \" R) {. M0 Z. S! @
terminology.
2 e v* r) S1 x! yKey words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;
/ s- u& D7 R1 I# L4 ^Standardization of terminology translation
- I4 h/ J7 p) T" K0 A+ a9 C, KYang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to' W, g4 D& }: V; v+ E
Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern3 p+ z2 P7 v' X d
China. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available
* M9 T7 R) A# O' M1 \" ]& C7 ?from: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/102134 J8 }5 M. y0 r% n4 M- `/ W
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/102131 G( z! p \6 K* M. J; r
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INTRODUCTION) y. M, x3 ?3 D3 v& Q
John Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and8 A' o) R" j! b
a great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).
8 F# X- ]5 Y2 P7 TDriven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to
' k* C2 |+ D2 {Hong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of
8 A9 H4 w3 D x4 XSt. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed- I* t) p. G$ G4 v4 n8 h
by The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as
- }, |3 k' g' oan editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on. V, F( y6 T# A, @% b/ |) I
his job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-
6 m8 p! z+ F5 F1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific
$ s4 w, K& D$ |- W7 q* s8 yworks and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,* Z5 O& l& d& w2 P3 x, H8 d% D
Fryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.
) s6 a6 l) V+ w) w* o$ n4 MNamely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated
8 f5 O3 s& R" p0 P, N) Dto him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant/ b$ j0 E i. [5 M* |" |
would transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,; }- u9 o! t. p% H% N
revise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,! c0 F. y, y( D o8 t- l
Fryer translated more than one hundred of Western! }% I: F8 A. N& ~( `
books that made him the most productive one among the% _. e0 f7 F- \! w# b& m; l
foreign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer, {7 {' q" t. L8 k3 v! p6 ^0 d1 R' } t
translating Western scientific books into Chinese was a8 V. D( r( g) z' c
noble work which could help accelerate the process of
) a8 Y0 F; n. E% J# y8 lpeople’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).
6 C, M5 n! u9 `7 OIn addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer: l( I- \+ v0 E l
also paid much attention to the dissemination of Western
/ E/ p/ a7 Q6 \. R; H. hscience and the standardization of translated scientific
% O& u/ F' _0 K9 m4 @terms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific% Z1 e; l; q7 a
magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the
8 v1 h( f1 n- h6 W# c' D+ z) s) t8 cestablishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another) o* z6 m; R7 l$ \ I/ W
contribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series
5 p( B9 N+ t& gof chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in
7 u: p$ V$ z; d' t! i1 a( L1 [" ~9 lModern China.- [) ^5 s' J: j/ B" c% G
An American scholar Dagenais (2010) published7 p/ ]4 a$ ~1 G$ Z& Y2 p# {8 t
The John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of* K7 B2 g) \7 _4 n& W; ~
travel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing
4 B) L/ D3 I% s- f, c- t& H9 m# P( e/ Qa lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In5 I: Q' x) d( i u) q2 _
John Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and
3 b1 u3 ^3 {# k i0 t+ ITechnology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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