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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑 " R# ]; `* @% P7 Q9 l; n' X7 z/ G
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http://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688: w& t9 x$ m# U! @
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John Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China& Q. p5 x& B3 O. T' H3 v
YANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
0 q% f0 Q# Z1 M& X7 }( S+ c6 fFinance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
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LI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of5 T6 x' [$ a: X6 \: h
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
1 t9 }9 I) _5 ^
# {" c0 B' T8 |% ?' M( Z9 I) ySupported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .
) G# }4 a; T) Y) t) UReceived 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 2018* e& x+ ^3 `/ }2 I. T
Published online 26 January 2018
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0 z6 S% ?0 Y) P! Z. BAbstract
& ]+ L4 H; t0 _) E3 J, HJohn Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing9 Y; V+ O1 K6 i" C% W
Dynasty who came to China and was employed by The
( [) H4 J; Q4 G3 y. ~0 _2 `Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been) i b4 l1 V, M$ i4 B7 |
engaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not
# K Y" b$ X/ o3 U- M0 b! Aonly having translated a great deal of Western scientific
* D1 g( v% f( U5 k% a% j' f! Y; Cworks into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly( p' S. `3 u7 L y
to the standardization of the scientific terminology5 t4 @% u$ \, T- J6 k J/ V! ]) W
translation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s; ]. e" w& O" K* ?1 x
scientific translation practice and his translation ideas,
8 L$ M" o# ~9 p$ Z( G( P+ o k" }9 {+ U. ?and then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the
, j9 R% ?2 i. F. g( Ustandardization of the scientific terminology translation& l* h+ e( n/ } m2 u$ |) _# I5 a
in Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien. C: ]7 n' G6 O3 G" |! c
he established had helped greatly with the popularization& @3 q- w- U9 R
of modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring
9 \8 [) n, S+ b1 n5 t5 ^4 Z2 Fthe Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way
2 g, P9 @- ~1 H) m5 u! m1 bfor the term translation of modern chemical elements, and
7 u* K' m2 l; p6 ] p/ c% ]that various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a
: |/ I* T: E, S0 K9 T% `, S ]great degree, had standardized the translation of scientific
4 Y2 c! Y, {1 e5 t4 k8 u3 Gterminology.* f$ h- Y: V9 [" m( p* E: J8 n: p
Key words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;; |. V6 j/ ~3 F# P5 G u4 D# j4 m: v
Standardization of terminology translation0 B% Z$ `( a* J: w' ]4 F# g8 S: D
Yang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to
, v% C/ |9 b$ [7 `& }7 AStandardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern7 s* N6 n4 W) ]2 G8 N
China. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available
6 R6 U4 _# c5 }4 Jfrom: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213
* Q* Q3 e! ~% Q5 B4 W. g% RDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/10213
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( o7 n$ M, ]/ T+ s# p* ^: p3 oINTRODUCTION
4 d, i1 }0 u* u$ T7 ]$ uJohn Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and2 E8 A; u6 \) ?! }, e" ?
a great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).
. o1 o& s9 G# X2 \Driven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to, [6 g" Q8 L9 ~3 _! S- }' w
Hong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of, g8 s- q& N# K! h
St. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed6 W/ b2 }6 x9 ~; M ^0 B
by The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as
0 x: @' h$ g5 _% ]* Ean editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on% v6 W$ q! _# X. K7 M
his job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-
3 R- V& v+ G! v8 a* l6 E, s1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific$ {' @' b4 Z/ \! @) e* p
works and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,- c+ \# p/ n5 ?8 y) K- K8 b. |
Fryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.
- o/ Z" @! g! v! T$ zNamely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated
2 U2 t4 q" |5 o' Dto him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant
: b! v% n% j7 s8 h5 j0 Owould transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,
1 I; V/ r$ s2 I3 l4 t: t" ^) D6 ]revise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,
0 k- m, L) u. t' l3 U8 a. h5 DFryer translated more than one hundred of Western
U1 x* a$ W( d0 O \) Rbooks that made him the most productive one among the
8 H: U1 H/ ^0 I. R) Aforeign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,2 }5 L6 a( j9 j
translating Western scientific books into Chinese was a
. i2 o @' _ {; j. v# Unoble work which could help accelerate the process of/ n/ S8 M/ V+ j. C
people’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).) z K6 ^2 C$ I% X% k
In addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer
K- H7 s9 p0 B! V9 q6 {" _$ Salso paid much attention to the dissemination of Western m' q6 Z) Z$ X" f' d# s F
science and the standardization of translated scientific6 t4 F G x( a. W
terms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific
- A# q: ~: |4 i) ~' Omagazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the
, x7 h1 @; g( Z( g3 V- ], C/ gestablishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another1 n' h6 ]$ u$ r& s7 N. Q/ g6 l
contribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series
. ?5 I) S }' O; c9 Y$ R! G! |" `of chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in
- p7 E( `! t5 I/ a$ X! SModern China.
7 k% U' X$ O+ x7 u5 m" d5 r2 QAn American scholar Dagenais (2010) published
6 q: X6 m8 x: N; WThe John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of8 L5 F3 S, R) U4 Q/ a1 ?
travel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing
6 v* o2 g' ]1 n- C: J5 da lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In
5 D7 E2 }& Z( f5 {8 `7 YJohn Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and! w y* x" H& z2 l# C
Technology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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