 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
|
How to figure a home's fundamental value. n7 V$ j$ J+ Y4 Y$ |' @; {
Leamer says he can tell because homes, just like stocks, have a price-to-earnings ratio (P/E) that he believes determines their fundamental value. The “earnings” part of the ratio consists of the annual rent the house could command. Homebuyers can compare current P/Es with historical levels, Leamer says, to get some idea of whether houses in their cities are becoming overvalued.
K* e+ b' z' _! W" d7 D) ]$ L8 n
Not everyone buys the idea that P/Es dictate value. But investors who completely ignore P/Es do so at their peril, as many have learned in recent years. Leamer, who heads the prestigious Anderson Forecast at the University of California in Los Angeles, points out that the P/E for the Standard & Poor’s 500, a key stock benchmark, was nearly double its previous historical high when the stock market bubble burst in 2000. When home P/Es peaked in California, Boston, Dallas and other markets in the mid-1980s, devastating real estate recessions followed.- j. @0 p/ B' [& r' ]( [( g
+ Y8 ]' U" f+ L! o) l4 _ N- a
Leamer didn’t invent the concept of P/Es for homes. But his willingness to proclaim bubbles in several of the nation’s hottest markets has brought him lots of attention recently.
- D' a+ ]3 P& a8 ]8 C
, ^/ m* I/ P: e+ Q5 CTo calculate P/Es for entire cities, Leamer divided the median home price in each by the annual rent for a two-bedroom unit in each city -- and looked at P/Es each year since 1988. Here’s what he found:) \" v X$ ^. X% Q m( V
% y6 v- o( F5 e7 i' O" v) h5 c- v5 p1 q5 j: S$ q
In Boston, the residential real estate market’s P/E recently topped 30 -- compared with just under 20 in 1988.& U! g$ ^6 A; C' r# @! ?1 [
' h M" M& _ {) eSan Francisco’s previous peak of 25.6 in 1989 has been eclipsed, with the P/E currently at just over 27., K7 _$ w* f4 o. x
San Diego’s current P/E is nearly 30, compared with a 1989 high of 23.4.
G S f6 c. ?6 D4 s$ i% I7 eNew York, by contrast, is actually well below previous peaks. The area’s current 22.5 P/E is above its recent nadir of 17.6 in 1993, but down from 28.6 in 1988.
) S* d# S l6 g$ q+ B. f. C5 y. x9 }You don’t have to know exact P/Es, however, to spot signs of trouble, Leamer says. Any time there’s a disconnect between prices and the underlying value of homes, as measured by their market rents, there’s the potential for a bubble.
$ ~' @' `8 k* J6 x' c8 g" n/ F2 |* @( b/ T# q
If home prices are rising much faster than rents, as is true in Los Angeles, that’s a strong indication a bubble is forming.5 o" x0 z- e' N* Z
9 J5 B/ W0 j* }( b5 h6 o) B9 c3 Q* k6 _If home prices are rising while average rents are falling -- which is the situation in San Francisco -- the bubble is pretty much unmistakable.
$ L8 L3 ~2 d ^# b& @ L( b+ R( ]+ Z( ~# c7 A) n
Home P/E ratios for 9 metro areas . S' z4 J1 r2 I
Avg. 1988-2000 2001 / {/ O$ f f7 P& i* j( c; y" k0 C
Boston 20.5 30.2
: K0 }: @- W0 TSan Diego 22.8 29.7 7 u, w( W9 J* P" Q" @
San Francisco 23.8 27.2
9 R( o9 M" `# T0 A6 o* I' FLos Angeles 21.3 25.6 % H& C! H7 I: L# c
Seattle 20.4 25
8 J$ {1 K; I- Q6 O% q- b. G- M$ LDenver 17.7 23.7
; w3 H3 \9 c" a! U4 u0 S, j' dNew York 21.2 22.5
4 }/ \- a; Q) f% |! f$ j* T- Z) PChicago 17.2 20.8 & w& |$ C5 v( ]# z9 N r" R# E
Washington, D.C. 17.1 20.4
7 p4 M8 e0 J" l% v ) d/ h8 F0 O; {; ]1 N
& C6 v5 `% i/ O/ H7 x8 x) \( F+ i
It's difficult to compare P/Es from one city with those from another. P/Es in Atlantic City, N.J., have wavered between 17.3 and 11.6 since 1988; in San Diego, P/Es have not dropped below 20. But you can look on the P/E as a measure of risk -- that is, the higher the P/E is above its average level, the greater the risk, no matter where you live.2 r* d2 W4 R- u: I# I
0 \1 I/ `0 i* E+ ]/ ^" ~7 V) W* m" N
2 R1 z7 z% [$ ?' FFrom: http://moneycentral.msn.com/cont ... ingguide/P37631.asp |
|