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How to figure a home's fundamental value
5 p0 w5 R$ ^' p! ?' fLeamer says he can tell because homes, just like stocks, have a price-to-earnings ratio (P/E) that he believes determines their fundamental value. The “earnings” part of the ratio consists of the annual rent the house could command. Homebuyers can compare current P/Es with historical levels, Leamer says, to get some idea of whether houses in their cities are becoming overvalued.
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Not everyone buys the idea that P/Es dictate value. But investors who completely ignore P/Es do so at their peril, as many have learned in recent years. Leamer, who heads the prestigious Anderson Forecast at the University of California in Los Angeles, points out that the P/E for the Standard & Poor’s 500, a key stock benchmark, was nearly double its previous historical high when the stock market bubble burst in 2000. When home P/Es peaked in California, Boston, Dallas and other markets in the mid-1980s, devastating real estate recessions followed.
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+ d( y% Y( a: ~Leamer didn’t invent the concept of P/Es for homes. But his willingness to proclaim bubbles in several of the nation’s hottest markets has brought him lots of attention recently.
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To calculate P/Es for entire cities, Leamer divided the median home price in each by the annual rent for a two-bedroom unit in each city -- and looked at P/Es each year since 1988. Here’s what he found:" P9 R8 L d0 x8 p7 ]6 E# R
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' r$ B0 A/ l& w, N* `In Boston, the residential real estate market’s P/E recently topped 30 -- compared with just under 20 in 1988.
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9 P5 q1 N, N. `# dSan Francisco’s previous peak of 25.6 in 1989 has been eclipsed, with the P/E currently at just over 27.
3 F+ F5 O( S: O- {4 QSan Diego’s current P/E is nearly 30, compared with a 1989 high of 23.4.7 d v: J5 W5 }) v: T- y
New York, by contrast, is actually well below previous peaks. The area’s current 22.5 P/E is above its recent nadir of 17.6 in 1993, but down from 28.6 in 1988.8 f9 A! l) V( L5 L6 i+ L- F5 k
You don’t have to know exact P/Es, however, to spot signs of trouble, Leamer says. Any time there’s a disconnect between prices and the underlying value of homes, as measured by their market rents, there’s the potential for a bubble. ! w- t$ Z' ^& d( H+ b+ @7 Q
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If home prices are rising much faster than rents, as is true in Los Angeles, that’s a strong indication a bubble is forming.
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If home prices are rising while average rents are falling -- which is the situation in San Francisco -- the bubble is pretty much unmistakable.
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, c, [+ j. j$ p4 ~ ^ Home P/E ratios for 9 metro areas
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- V: G4 p, s+ {+ J$ }% U0 IBoston 20.5 30.2
" c+ J# {( v. _3 R# x6 P$ @San Diego 22.8 29.7 3 D* n5 _* L+ a& P4 d. G; w
San Francisco 23.8 27.2
& S2 _3 E1 l1 i. V- x/ P# LLos Angeles 21.3 25.6 4 M' F A! u: L U* F8 O- F5 ]
Seattle 20.4 25 : l$ d. {$ D: t; W5 @0 R( [- K, ~8 C
Denver 17.7 23.7 6 q: I# L5 i2 N- k# X
New York 21.2 22.5 7 s; S% C1 |/ V
Chicago 17.2 20.8 # [5 I4 k1 e- V$ [7 I7 N4 R
Washington, D.C. 17.1 20.4
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}1 v, c4 g0 N) M DIt's difficult to compare P/Es from one city with those from another. P/Es in Atlantic City, N.J., have wavered between 17.3 and 11.6 since 1988; in San Diego, P/Es have not dropped below 20. But you can look on the P/E as a measure of risk -- that is, the higher the P/E is above its average level, the greater the risk, no matter where you live./ ^1 s% Y0 S9 E8 F2 N/ H
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From: http://moneycentral.msn.com/cont ... ingguide/P37631.asp |
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