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How to figure a home's fundamental value
7 ~3 T3 ^6 F! V" `$ `; X& WLeamer says he can tell because homes, just like stocks, have a price-to-earnings ratio (P/E) that he believes determines their fundamental value. The “earnings” part of the ratio consists of the annual rent the house could command. Homebuyers can compare current P/Es with historical levels, Leamer says, to get some idea of whether houses in their cities are becoming overvalued.+ D0 l- \6 ?. c) U! r( c& T2 V3 x
7 x# n; W8 j9 l: o* d, }# SNot everyone buys the idea that P/Es dictate value. But investors who completely ignore P/Es do so at their peril, as many have learned in recent years. Leamer, who heads the prestigious Anderson Forecast at the University of California in Los Angeles, points out that the P/E for the Standard & Poor’s 500, a key stock benchmark, was nearly double its previous historical high when the stock market bubble burst in 2000. When home P/Es peaked in California, Boston, Dallas and other markets in the mid-1980s, devastating real estate recessions followed.! D# \7 U3 Z' t
' }) d3 R$ w' NLeamer didn’t invent the concept of P/Es for homes. But his willingness to proclaim bubbles in several of the nation’s hottest markets has brought him lots of attention recently.
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To calculate P/Es for entire cities, Leamer divided the median home price in each by the annual rent for a two-bedroom unit in each city -- and looked at P/Es each year since 1988. Here’s what he found:7 I8 z- ?1 d Z# i' ~
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2 w" e" _5 p) C9 [9 g) S" e xIn Boston, the residential real estate market’s P/E recently topped 30 -- compared with just under 20 in 1988.
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San Francisco’s previous peak of 25.6 in 1989 has been eclipsed, with the P/E currently at just over 27.
( j. D- z+ g! X; H. rSan Diego’s current P/E is nearly 30, compared with a 1989 high of 23.4.
: H' r; v. O: e# I- @* K! ?( B1 lNew York, by contrast, is actually well below previous peaks. The area’s current 22.5 P/E is above its recent nadir of 17.6 in 1993, but down from 28.6 in 1988.9 I. z" e* {1 l" c c
You don’t have to know exact P/Es, however, to spot signs of trouble, Leamer says. Any time there’s a disconnect between prices and the underlying value of homes, as measured by their market rents, there’s the potential for a bubble.
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# J1 X; h% x; f# Y7 U, V5 \If home prices are rising much faster than rents, as is true in Los Angeles, that’s a strong indication a bubble is forming.
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; n# d" U) W# Y$ C) sIf home prices are rising while average rents are falling -- which is the situation in San Francisco -- the bubble is pretty much unmistakable.2 t( m% `( C% J% f) l0 g
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Home P/E ratios for 9 metro areas
7 G; d' j* O( [2 b7 f8 Y& I- [9 a Avg. 1988-2000 2001 t! z" d! G" u% o
Boston 20.5 30.2 - p( [7 e& y6 `5 k' m0 y9 C' d
San Diego 22.8 29.7 5 ~" |4 Y& U' ?. Z$ V0 t
San Francisco 23.8 27.2
5 H2 S) V' T2 K% k# i# MLos Angeles 21.3 25.6
* s" M p" v. G3 A" VSeattle 20.4 25 5 S: `$ {) t4 \ k: ~2 K* S/ T
Denver 17.7 23.7
# @" h5 V8 d7 uNew York 21.2 22.5 d8 K2 b# p) q8 _" T
Chicago 17.2 20.8
" Q* m, t' H' h& Q( ?Washington, D.C. 17.1 20.4
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It's difficult to compare P/Es from one city with those from another. P/Es in Atlantic City, N.J., have wavered between 17.3 and 11.6 since 1988; in San Diego, P/Es have not dropped below 20. But you can look on the P/E as a measure of risk -- that is, the higher the P/E is above its average level, the greater the risk, no matter where you live.
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From: http://moneycentral.msn.com/cont ... ingguide/P37631.asp |
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