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谈英语俚语4 R: S$ p0 F4 [0 Q& W, z0 o. B1 [
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在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯% s$ w4 J2 \, c
之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。
2 C6 `. `0 O6 [( o3 a a若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!
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(1) empty suit:' `; }5 m0 e! U1 b% n: S* n
指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。" n. `% m5 V6 D9 l0 V
(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。)) g9 b$ i' [; b/ Q1 X
例如:
* V0 H9 {0 m. w4 LAn empty suit generally gets no attention from the public.8 T0 L# X( r! U' p. Z
(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。)
' q+ g" x6 U, r* Y9 }Mr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit.
; l S {" S8 o5 W, ~) c# z(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。)
8 c$ [# \6 b) i% i虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:3 c, F1 X$ e* t% M+ f& \
The company is filled with a lot of empty suits.
1 H. [3 K- }, d4 w, S$ B* b6 I(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人)- u& X6 q/ S: p1 S! x
(2) fair-haired boy:8 l3 ~( a5 h0 M' x9 a2 U6 r# J( L4 [
指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man)
2 y9 T! i, M% Y* O(通常用单数,当名词用)0 B2 ?; J3 J5 t9 N- i
例如:
( b' |4 r0 Y5 g# G8 ~Mr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent.
# [% }$ k2 D0 x! S( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。): i- z6 q: n7 Y' [8 A6 d6 V
Not being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.
" E# P Q9 B6 s c3 \3 z2 U(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。) e" G/ c8 j, l# S, M9 \* }+ ?
有时也可用复数:$ F$ \# @# \" m% Y# g
Mr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet.! ~: M% W2 O' N' Y! _4 d8 b
(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。)% N; e l ~" ~6 [
Fair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses.
, v/ G* p/ H1 j5 u6 L(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)& ?% K- p: q5 Q" ]8 [0 d& [+ e
(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法)
/ U% z- D/ C; D0 r(3) fishing expedition:
$ `7 U( `& m; p. F- |为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information)/ y$ v' E8 O$ l6 P! f
(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数)# x; |; C+ L% x/ ]! X' M
例如:! u; n# H, B2 \& e# ?( h
The judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.
( U' T* k8 [0 ?/ u(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。)3 N: F6 ^2 u" T
The police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case.+ i v( x" s/ \
(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。)
2 q$ O: z8 _3 I4 a3 K' K(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict)1 k! {3 H& Q1 ?8 c$ N8 D& g
The reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War.9 k' u6 k* s N) ]
(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。)+ o2 q1 a; F7 ^2 n' O4 E2 l
偶尔也有人用复数:( V7 {5 T L B. O4 P. B
Several fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office.
# C( Y, t {2 f# w2 X(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。)
. M4 q0 `2 A$ O; `5 k2 j+ v(4) filthy rich:
' C& j- L. D& G6 A( D意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy)% H+ G) D/ x# Z5 {
(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)3 r# a# b( }( N0 ?
多半当形容词用。例如:, }& B' s" E+ g
With a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich." x- r( n2 I( d. y1 ]
( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。)
, K& ^- Y8 M) t c; I* fDespite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.
5 b- }& Q6 T0 g5 d; @& Z(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。)7 k0 y8 G3 c; p, `8 m$ s" p8 X7 D2 M
A filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others." ?, R5 H: W" R9 B% i5 m
(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)
2 [* Y2 _7 J# k1 P% BFilthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.1 k6 M- q1 r2 G
(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。)
# q$ |4 l) Y5 k" A/ k8 B(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)
/ f1 }. z! w5 k(5) fairy godmother:7 y8 n. q3 @0 p1 r1 D
指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance)
( S8 [3 g! W# `" J(多半指有钱的女人)
8 i. a1 [: q+ _(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:
% X! n2 ^6 P/ ~# P5 a; Y# t" g4 UMr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars.
% R, Z- v% [6 P/ v(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。)! O# R/ o+ P; _. W
After lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother.
/ p# m# z/ `' B) g(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。)
; o- V( I1 P: b0 f- G h6 {有时也用复数:
2 n5 L9 @0 R' h. d: D/ [Only business women can act as fairy godmothers.5 V. e5 x4 V6 d1 i" N* x
(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。)$ z( G: { }* S2 i
In Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.8 I: }7 H! d+ V1 w+ Q6 j
(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)
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6)eye opener: u; [7 a1 N8 _0 t7 ~' X# m
指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion)6 u. Y3 o5 M$ C- |: W& i; V. ?6 I
(当名词用;通常只用单数)2 _5 \! W9 z \* t0 d
例如:
5 E+ p8 x' l2 s* Y9 S0 UYour wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters.
2 y, u3 C8 a( s4 M% n4 _/ v$ j(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。)
/ y7 B. \& }7 e& a3 E+ N1 jMr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener.
9 X8 M5 d, O/ E(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。)) ?1 Y0 A- Y t4 H. D9 C$ M
The popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants. H6 K8 k( Y1 ?1 ~) u
(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。)
/ O0 `5 U+ }7 ?+ X+ k ^0 B# ]# Z+ N8 V- QSome American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people.0 M B3 d0 d. R7 W
(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。)
( F& M1 Q( `1 O+ m+ c9 E4 Q(7) hot dog:+ J" D- F1 D5 T( G6 ^" U
指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用)% {* j0 h" `/ M: W4 J6 s2 Y2 g
例如:3 O5 b( R( ~- P1 [
Some young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time." s) B# [; s9 G6 C; S$ T; u( [, c6 E, j
(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。)4 {' b8 v# K" Q! v% e- G* |) n
(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers)
- U9 s1 g, m' c6 R8 pIn front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog.5 U4 n+ k% }& v
(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。)
6 E' T% h R: M3 s5 z7 P(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging), F9 H% K5 N7 a1 w/ k( G
During the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.
( z$ c0 o$ g4 Y, T9 c(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。)0 b: U# c8 Q( x1 ]/ v
也指真正的热狗食物:
! P, p. r3 K" E* B4 F- [ Z4 UThe hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.
2 d" w: c9 i+ r8 l6 s- g(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。)
5 J. e$ J1 [6 ^; T6 f1 J, a1 M也可表达欣赏的心情:
& |% p; S; Y: @* MHot dog ! What great news for me.
7 j$ A1 u5 s6 Y7 }" }(真棒!对我来说是好消息。)! W7 a7 t c( y
(8)eager beaver:
' ]& z* a6 n3 P6 m" A: i4 \指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others)
, W' q1 v# k5 [' Y {! W- g2 e0 ?(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。)6 B: k4 P. m1 M& O# X0 F( _# C0 l
(当名词用,可指男女)8 v+ e+ R; ], N7 f# M
例如:! X# L9 M' \' b/ [$ a: U
John seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late.
! d' Q2 {& Y5 f( i/ C" T(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。)# k( Z8 H7 x, A" d* } J; Q
Being an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.: _# {7 R$ |3 h$ W/ P4 b2 i/ c, w$ s
(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)# e5 h( ^+ o. \1 p
Does Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?
- {; x1 V! M( ?7 @6 |5 |(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?)
! ~ O j3 F8 P5 v! uYou may find some eager beavers in any organizations.
9 D5 p5 P4 b: M1 w9 e(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。)9 M# ~0 |5 h: |% F% [* h9 K
(9)doubting Thomas: e4 I: n2 E; b; X$ q' U
这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others): h: n. R8 e$ }4 I' H7 ]
(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活)
; R! s8 H6 t! y(当名词用)
6 T1 h% X6 |- q8 e7 [1 T; x! p例如:
/ ?; @. `! y% W, ]# g" [: S8 }% Q. ^I am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise., y) e6 b8 p0 b4 K# c
(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。)5 `0 ^0 J: h# z O4 m$ |. F
There must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas.. M$ e D/ B9 h# p: z
(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。)
0 g* |- C5 I2 b也可用复数:
" c/ p- b6 \! I1 ZMy friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.3 \( H# w# K1 O, |# V* g* D
(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。) s& e8 ]3 l3 l+ H
If there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another.! Y. u( i1 }/ `4 I
(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)
2 ~) l6 A- H! K0 x* u5 _/ F$ G; G" ](10)dragon lady:2 h" P8 i; k% X6 G
指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用)" r6 l1 O7 p+ C- i
例如:
X* ^7 i/ q% }. D" MThe chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.
% W/ Y! u% H. t# e: \# R0 Z' O(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。)& \% n ]/ A* t$ q
I am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady.8 P" i. W( Y* E. D& m, K( }
(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。)- z2 I8 J: I: w8 F4 n- t
Should your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?, J2 n1 T: W: ]" N
(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?)
4 d4 V; ^) x q" a0 {) }( p v3 ^2 l也可用复数:( { n- i6 X( N: ^ z2 w; q J
There may be many dragon ladies in our community.
; ^: C; u# V9 v4 R6 x. b6 v(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。)6 a4 A* L2 j- O6 F: r) B2 Q6 S
注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表 |
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