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谈英语俚语
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在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯
4 Z6 _7 Y# Z n' g0 j之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。
2 d% s& ?: ~ N c若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!4 \& `6 ~) W4 F) C7 x; G
) F- Z M/ O* C0 [( Q! c(1) empty suit:: \' Y, t: `. N7 [! D# {: c+ U
指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。
5 B6 m$ ^# K4 d9 k7 |) A(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。)
$ |# `: h( A! ^& X# @例如:
/ e( @# z" Z! L6 WAn empty suit generally gets no attention from the public.
0 k9 E$ G* m* ~0 @% f& A" d(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。)* B# s5 i: @$ ?% {8 ^. Q; Z
Mr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit.
/ K! Q2 i* L: I9 @9 A(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。)1 d/ L: f3 U7 h
虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:
& }5 A9 F) ~- P: l/ kThe company is filled with a lot of empty suits.' j% i) P6 r. Z: Q. I$ M9 r$ m
(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人)2 U/ p3 Q' H( B9 Y# y+ E0 |
(2) fair-haired boy:
4 S7 t, |6 a- q& I% p2 h指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man)
0 O9 ? T s* t' s3 L. E# a(通常用单数,当名词用)9 V k2 _$ e3 d+ x
例如:* A5 g# p' t" @
Mr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent.
' s" g4 n4 L7 r9 @+ ~9 r7 [( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。)7 i% E( | w" }) ]
Not being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.
- Q& F6 f5 |: {(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。)
$ b) h7 G7 \* T# R) v有时也可用复数:
& E" }) }" I) l0 i2 L6 f+ iMr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet." z0 o7 C& [0 y+ P
(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。)
4 I/ S1 r# J9 I: p+ o; C, J% wFair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses.& J0 j* w' l- M6 Y
(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)1 f) \: @: ^0 F+ I
(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法)
8 O6 K0 t, Q# V2 Z' |3 W(3) fishing expedition:' a: S- F6 @+ ?- B- m4 k
为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information)* Y9 |5 o# u# p, I
(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数)
" i1 c5 Y3 N C) d" O% A$ K例如:
$ ]1 ]2 w8 j8 yThe judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.
/ C7 Q+ y g0 [( s, `(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。)
$ s$ ^/ a+ d: C" c/ `1 h# bThe police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case.
. s8 ^# b- _# w: T+ O3 V(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。)* D# X( E9 N% r: x( @
(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict)4 I! f6 H1 q. _' X7 v7 \- ~0 Y
The reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War.
" {/ I6 g9 ~$ K- `4 T7 ](记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。)
$ B6 z2 x3 Y) o* O) C7 T$ p偶尔也有人用复数:
% y! f4 D2 U) L9 Y4 {5 ^. i! GSeveral fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office.
8 m/ _0 |8 I9 {* v# g$ r1 T0 C2 R(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。)
1 U" f3 u) R6 i- R(4) filthy rich:. N4 f' \7 C5 q2 r/ A
意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy), f3 w6 x- T4 S6 d& M* C
(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)
- M5 B" r5 W J" \3 s5 T! [; G* }多半当形容词用。例如:
/ q, b \; K7 Y( oWith a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich.% _9 H5 Q! q8 c
( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。)8 }& b) z, U f$ m2 C$ i
Despite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.* P; @) Y( E0 C& |, Z
(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。)
* [+ S$ [ l8 J" eA filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.
5 \7 ]7 }; d! {7 J/ M- t3 l! c6 `; S(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)
4 L/ }4 o$ V& `$ ^# D8 iFilthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.0 j1 Z8 p7 u/ L1 h0 `; `
(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。)
) a) d3 O7 z2 O( T(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)
, X# @' l; g2 a2 r" R* @(5) fairy godmother:
* q& x2 h/ N% P3 F l& F3 J指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance)( M! ~( |2 ?* P) P
(多半指有钱的女人)
% M+ p: j3 g3 Q& T; D4 C(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:
0 h1 }& E- q* f1 m# J6 S1 pMr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars.& X% @7 a3 @! L
(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。)7 M3 c9 k2 M+ }' u
After lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother.0 m U2 a e$ \5 {0 T* l3 p
(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。)5 V8 \+ g% @) O. t) j
有时也用复数:
& E* g, b: _" s0 gOnly business women can act as fairy godmothers.
/ x. o& t* x# l(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。)4 f9 ~" b8 x' ~, ^
In Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.
3 o6 K- L7 n# Y+ R6 Q0 r(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)
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4 W4 B1 }2 i! e( S' z$ g: n: v6)eye opener:
5 c7 F) V* j2 |7 [& O2 N0 A" I+ n; B指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion)
9 T2 S7 ]* i3 o7 [! E(当名词用;通常只用单数)
$ r; K; v1 ^; n2 N" ` Q+ E) `例如:
. n$ ]4 H: o# w; a0 Q- A) l" I- RYour wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters." F& @& H* b7 j* P% d
(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。)' V2 p; l( P' V$ x Q N( h
Mr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener.9 @; Y& G, P H/ o
(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。)
! \# [8 t" I. a4 Z9 ^3 M8 FThe popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants.
/ @6 @! M, p: V7 i! V(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。)0 q' q& P& ~; }" ]$ w7 n2 _
Some American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people.
% E( O1 m( f1 e4 ?6 p/ e(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。)" L9 n8 g# v: |' v
(7) hot dog:& D! C1 `* ^: e, P* p, j3 M c5 p" Y
指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用)
8 N& a% L) ~$ s" q: M8 _例如:; c# j( F2 u) X3 t" g. E; t: o
Some young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.
7 D, B* \9 @' r7 s+ {(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。)- k( G$ m9 O$ M# ]2 R
(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers)
" w% t% A* Q+ P: }In front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog.
/ F5 t2 e1 u0 i(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。)
" z5 J1 ^) x: [2 ]. u$ a(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging)/ u7 q, D% n: u+ f3 @! K! J# e
During the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.
* ~" Q2 {, K& L) |. n1 W7 _(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。)
. \( O/ C+ n1 L也指真正的热狗食物:( U% K; U Y l6 o; f" S- F3 f+ W; b
The hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.7 b2 Z& D2 l) {& T& t6 c5 e1 S
(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。)) z9 S2 X5 l3 I0 j' V7 |( U
也可表达欣赏的心情:5 y2 B2 T1 [+ y$ ^4 q2 _$ j0 E
Hot dog ! What great news for me.
1 w. I- D% R; I! D( J2 F: D(真棒!对我来说是好消息。)
, }9 P( _4 x; f3 k4 ^9 J) s0 K(8)eager beaver:+ p! o: @3 e2 n4 D( ]7 m
指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others)
- b' d' i0 `/ N N: x4 m4 d(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。)
9 D5 O, V5 A7 {- P5 ](当名词用,可指男女)
+ f7 @& I! V" [4 ]* ^例如:5 r; n0 L4 n% ]$ A- @' q+ c8 B
John seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late.
6 k* h9 G% O0 @' s8 d(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。)) t$ G2 O& d1 ?
Being an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues./ g7 f* `# w5 x
(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)9 R! l3 Y! D, R2 C' v8 l T% p
Does Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?+ D/ { q. B) i9 W+ Q z! i" y
(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?)
9 J; w# @! Q& |8 K6 S6 D$ L9 VYou may find some eager beavers in any organizations.; l' \4 {' w9 k6 e- c) P6 e
(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。)7 q) L' {' F V+ _6 Y! {9 D3 r
(9)doubting Thomas:! [8 W2 w- v- ~+ O7 v
这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others)3 B1 q7 P, a3 g' q( g% R
(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活)
* @2 D# N; Y" n, s" E# Q(当名词用)
( I, X! _4 J5 k2 E例如:% G; L4 _9 o W! i
I am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise.9 X( K v! j/ N6 c
(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。)
$ \; [9 _$ g4 r9 ^1 `9 e5 @There must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas.. Y/ x# V6 Z/ t* S
(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。)
' v) p- U' o3 n也可用复数: z0 w U" C6 a; } D) E" V/ o
My friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.7 ~( R$ f) J/ Z n
(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。)) l2 c: A5 ^. d
If there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another.7 d1 l7 L! V" A8 S5 Y
(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)
$ o9 j5 a+ L4 l- p# [) }1 @4 J8 @# g(10)dragon lady:; k4 M, l7 e& U s6 ^2 ^/ _
指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用)0 |! e" c M, T6 b, Z8 C$ E
例如:
' i) y( M: Z. G% b# z) [The chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.
/ _8 `; l2 o0 ~" s6 u(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。); M8 @5 W$ U! o3 b
I am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady.
/ f- f: v( O/ h2 @% ?" R, x8 b(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。)
6 l! u" s5 r, Q R1 _: g5 f' t& k6 n# tShould your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?
- L3 Y5 `! h* u# ~! Y, L3 k(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?)) h! h$ h$ n s9 U; j
也可用复数:
; a/ Z" V* r j: G/ `; m- Z) f* nThere may be many dragon ladies in our community.( \. k* o1 q. d& C6 c) D
(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。)
8 E& x' p6 K9 k j$ D注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表 |
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