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谈英语俚语
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3 c. O- Q5 w( i' |% F* ~在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯, w; [6 u7 A3 k A) N3 ]
之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。
/ T4 t5 a3 v# l1 V0 N1 T3 q若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!
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(1) empty suit:$ x! n$ Z; m" V" L0 ?- E
指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。" I# M# a8 `9 W6 n4 Y" Z" [2 ?5 j- `
(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。)
, s9 C8 `& W5 T例如: \$ O/ i3 b3 p9 B6 r
An empty suit generally gets no attention from the public.. n. y& R2 j) K+ F( |2 ?
(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。)9 F! K; e+ y0 l! g$ _
Mr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit. f4 t1 B! w: ?, U7 {) R8 z- F- A
(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。): Y* \; C: a. P( K) [ _; V- z
虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:
" n0 R6 U8 J3 N- yThe company is filled with a lot of empty suits.. o1 A- R) }- x6 o
(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人)
/ U- Q1 m; T. J, V( U) ^* r(2) fair-haired boy:
* o& I/ @* u& d- s& E* [3 R指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man)
: }3 @! [/ x k1 h/ [ X$ v(通常用单数,当名词用)
# Q, L$ J$ x- ~3 H; l例如:* U9 F9 l0 f+ w" `' P! K0 C! J
Mr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent.
3 r7 V9 \6 J6 M( g, @0 `( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。)
% D5 V3 o; ~6 ~6 tNot being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.7 O1 R" M* {$ }+ I. z
(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。)# Z) E7 C' y8 {- d& m9 p
有时也可用复数:
o: Q- f! r, f- v5 _: R9 VMr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet.
' u/ V: M5 {4 k9 q4 ?" u& I. s7 c# F2 |(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。)% I# e: s, g& b' H' c$ s% A" y
Fair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses., G9 g) K ?% r% X9 \ Q
(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)' l* X, a5 s [: V3 o6 B
(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法)
1 Q/ t# M8 X* }' t(3) fishing expedition:
/ I/ w- Z0 {. b* C8 H6 r# |为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information)
( }$ V5 W; J q/ Y# O(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数)
5 \ M3 `" _) K; C& z0 x- ^例如:
' t/ ^ N8 k% zThe judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.7 ?- `2 W- }$ y( |" c/ k/ y
(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。). u" [1 U; K3 t/ Y* `# J @$ U r
The police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case.% C7 m1 q. i6 l7 J
(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。)
4 k( L3 U+ W; a6 C* K; J. n(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict)
* s, L6 b, t5 k5 U! HThe reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War.% k; K# N1 W+ p: ~6 ^0 N Z' m
(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。)
3 `3 U6 w# \2 W' D3 a偶尔也有人用复数:
) W% g- e4 {+ F4 tSeveral fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office.. C- g5 }6 t/ S, e4 c m- T
(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。); u5 \+ z7 B- `- P6 s! s' _4 G
(4) filthy rich:6 H5 F* J7 w' J' i' x! T P
意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy); I; n: D, e& K7 }1 j
(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)# U% v4 \( T- J; y
多半当形容词用。例如:
8 G; `" T' k. `! J& a# w/ H8 z5 z) Z8 w2 PWith a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich.$ |2 a/ a" ]/ i% @& q# e, d4 ~$ W
( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。)
1 r* ^3 X) k/ T5 a' P: m9 ODespite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.
4 s& D8 w+ K: e* z: Z(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。)
7 t: K+ o1 L- nA filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.
% p2 H6 K9 Y# @/ N, d/ F(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)* c. D J: @7 P+ E, s: ^/ z
Filthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.
' d2 W0 v0 R# `/ p(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。)# r# x* q" x7 z5 s5 P0 F6 Q; }1 B
(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)
3 e! H4 n9 q# D( Q(5) fairy godmother:
+ D# {, [; N7 e6 c, x指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance)$ k+ E( D/ o* p' O6 `5 {$ j; Q
(多半指有钱的女人)7 z" ~' m7 F* }5 F3 A
(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:
/ y& Y6 |: @2 q: t, J$ mMr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars.
3 A# D5 F# A" a6 {2 N& C# V(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。)' y5 v1 e7 E. [; [' N0 T% ~. E4 E
After lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother.& t. @4 d- X1 I4 r6 H; a4 f9 M' M9 m
(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。)) x8 } y1 {: ~1 p
有时也用复数:
: T8 e1 z; k: f# o1 _/ MOnly business women can act as fairy godmothers.
8 K" M# ]+ c6 b1 {+ w% X5 S(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。)
1 w2 Z; u+ a* O! HIn Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.
2 w: g+ y' H4 N1 i* S8 M, {2 _(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)
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6)eye opener: ~. z6 \/ q& ]$ |0 f- V8 L5 X9 X
指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion)
" C, w2 Y) g2 P7 \(当名词用;通常只用单数)
. W% C1 D: c1 Z0 h; H$ |" f$ ]例如:# e& ~( K# @, C1 U9 Q4 `
Your wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters.
- R7 n, V- {7 S" r2 ~(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。)
% I- v9 z5 R# s- t% xMr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener.
+ V0 q8 E7 m& _(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。)
* p) O4 u! n, k# d1 ^) ]The popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants.
% A/ K! l% `1 T" Z$ y9 x(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。). v$ a+ e6 a; p3 F" X% x# C7 R
Some American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people.- u5 W# |; l6 S6 f3 J; [
(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。)+ `/ ?! X v9 d. y, f6 e6 ?
(7) hot dog:3 X/ E, }7 y8 W/ Z! t6 H: W
指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用)0 p; P, q8 | F4 `
例如:
- v7 Z. R7 W1 Q& v2 m% s8 d7 p zSome young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.( q8 E5 V! z2 M4 A3 [
(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。)' c9 E2 \) y) S7 ]4 D) s- k
(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers)! ^2 a! C1 N) m8 K- G. C
In front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog.
, f9 r# Z: |9 S0 l9 q" ^(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。)
/ ?2 n% _5 a3 u) l; F1 f9 x" t(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging)/ F. C5 C" U7 Z/ P- V# K) ^
During the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.; c- o. a$ G' }
(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。)
% `6 d; [, v4 P+ p7 \也指真正的热狗食物:
. N( g& Z" ^2 i7 r" z7 KThe hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.( [9 h' S3 Q' m4 m. i
(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。)
, y# @6 V W( X3 f- B也可表达欣赏的心情:: v* O" w0 y4 I% i- L# |& f# f
Hot dog ! What great news for me.
6 e" |' y2 u2 N+ e(真棒!对我来说是好消息。)
) t% I/ V4 m9 ]- U(8)eager beaver:& y. C0 N( |+ |" u0 g( } t
指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others)
1 l: {: o* x$ ^ ? N7 S+ M) {(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。)
' `; D, T7 v. x! X& ~% J(当名词用,可指男女)" s$ X( ]" T4 _2 _( L- v4 h2 H
例如:
4 T/ k. O" K0 mJohn seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late.6 O! b+ T) J& U" {) W& O1 a8 B0 o
(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。); m# X. |4 k& G6 V$ [
Being an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.
- i9 v. r" Y1 j(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)
$ @! B7 u2 T: p! xDoes Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?+ q7 U) A# s- N6 Y# E
(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?). ?% }0 V4 i7 s* D$ t
You may find some eager beavers in any organizations.6 {( Z! h p% l) c
(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。)- [/ T& Z6 Z; z3 ^8 M4 m
(9)doubting Thomas:' ]# z. H3 o9 Z- ^
这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others)
( D, V: ~6 I5 d2 P; a& E(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活): J3 f0 K0 y( f: \, g
(当名词用)3 [ q, ~$ v% N' ~2 Y
例如:
8 n, |# [ u4 P7 V7 O. ?I am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise.& H4 Q8 h, Z; A
(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。)4 S2 e) g0 j# a
There must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas., l; B) Q7 J' t8 ?+ y0 O' Q
(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。)
$ @6 |+ J/ b. Z$ g/ A) C也可用复数:
/ X9 m7 d9 m$ sMy friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.9 }4 Q! c6 C$ D1 S5 L- ~+ m
(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。)
8 [3 A! k/ Y. n" R$ V; d9 i; J; r% ^If there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another. T5 P' ~7 F$ K0 j
(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)
, P# U+ E5 G& e& G" a* X(10)dragon lady:
" b! [& K# t: }# y指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用)5 L, K2 O" I3 f$ o: k, ^
例如:
@* v6 I0 t1 Y5 rThe chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.2 r$ w, c' p9 [, M& |: b2 G' k
(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。)
0 y: S) I+ P. `. KI am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady.
0 k! a1 y' n; K1 b# y(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。)3 z* w: u6 }1 P
Should your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?* L* p8 ~+ g- G/ I! }) w* q5 L6 a
(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?)! m2 C8 w2 y0 g# c4 P
也可用复数:
; a. c/ r7 H/ a7 }' j, f- tThere may be many dragon ladies in our community.
4 H! L I% U) O, c(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。)! m, [3 g' K4 ^0 a* B M
注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表 |
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