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谈英语俚语
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( u& y4 H6 R4 v2 Y& ~5 u* _在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯
2 ?( Q8 @8 j8 j之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。
H7 @) p+ Z4 Z5 g; i若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!0 A; ?* N9 H, F! N L" y
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(1) empty suit:
. R$ u% O4 m' o* V) P+ d# R* b指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。" q- O7 K3 o7 e4 L
(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。)
; g+ X+ A7 `+ h/ U例如:
. ~8 N- m9 f/ PAn empty suit generally gets no attention from the public.
1 M H* o' V3 T9 w; M0 u* Q(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。)' z9 G5 ]: @, _
Mr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit.7 H* P- d$ h* F. D3 t
(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。)
( K6 }2 L. ~# f1 R虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:
2 R, N6 I" O0 V7 ~The company is filled with a lot of empty suits.
+ \# g& s; F" D+ \; d" P(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人)
% Y' }9 v- Z) c5 I(2) fair-haired boy:
8 n! A) d0 n: y4 V指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man)
9 m1 I8 Z7 {8 C) @" O" C" I/ H(通常用单数,当名词用)8 W) l9 {; j5 ^0 _
例如:: ^% [- p. K- l6 g9 G1 r
Mr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent.
2 n3 u( M: w8 Q- ]0 J1 P* f( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。)5 g4 {( Z0 O1 R+ {- U8 h
Not being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.
( i' _ P1 [8 x2 \2 L(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。)
/ Z" K) y2 \' X有时也可用复数:
' w8 d8 ]! f! _0 bMr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet.) p8 Z2 ]. ~+ C* ]" n; n7 v1 j" I
(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。)" I, p. r, N2 y8 ^& r
Fair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses.
# \) U; c- U# j3 H5 I(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)0 F5 L0 r2 e, l
(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法)+ ]/ p- F6 S9 n r& N7 e4 z
(3) fishing expedition:9 C' o; k% L) r9 X
为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information)9 o+ Q# I+ l7 p) Q6 q a# U- X
(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数)
4 c( Y( L+ F1 i. B例如:; O. Y/ q; F7 r: Y
The judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.
' g' q8 C& @, X) A(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。)$ F) A- I1 ~0 m; D: B( ^
The police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case.
# q: f7 w! L" m" s) s(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。)
a3 k% q- p. ^' \ ?2 K2 [(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict) U( D* H( E) u
The reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War." X" ]* Y+ y+ y A9 v
(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。)
! R1 f6 E( {* y( X+ e3 ~$ n& U$ N偶尔也有人用复数:
\2 |- X% |8 Z0 X2 U% pSeveral fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office.
! f6 L- |* |; |4 s5 E6 O& `& |(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。)! w+ J8 \ L: o* ~
(4) filthy rich:5 l1 K0 G8 N$ p" e
意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy)! K7 W, u+ l" m1 ? X) Q f
(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)6 A6 O. I4 f F; f) c' `
多半当形容词用。例如:
0 ]8 z; b1 P, g B J" Z$ o9 wWith a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich.* u" ^0 a: V: |0 @4 D, h' H
( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。)" g* Y$ Z7 p3 J" V! ?
Despite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.1 R0 _) D( \; z. @, o/ F; S& |
(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。) G+ x! [: c% \4 g. \4 O5 x" m
A filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.
! l$ a/ `5 T9 l1 O* U(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)
7 ?! P/ v+ m' o0 gFilthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.( C1 S5 C2 @! X. S
(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。)9 P) o% x( ~" \) _ u; p
(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)! r* y8 \+ j J1 R) W, H% L x Q
(5) fairy godmother:7 P/ m0 F: |. \, f
指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance), }7 h0 s5 _3 Q) Y$ ~! M
(多半指有钱的女人)/ t0 ^. \. h! d4 ]5 g1 M* b) q
(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:- J. V- w: Q8 y8 _* L/ }
Mr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars.# O, L( Y8 Y, u# n! \0 c
(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。)
8 J0 w6 g1 w, A( J' HAfter lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother.
2 d- d7 \" z8 I* \' H7 G! n: l(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。)1 ?7 D; ^ U, R! ~( B
有时也用复数:
# N& R2 F$ I) ?Only business women can act as fairy godmothers.
6 C4 O \% g/ R G$ b2 P" o(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。)6 i- ~4 Z' @/ F" r# l, o
In Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered./ ^* l1 l6 \% H: T
(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)
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6)eye opener:8 h8 R/ Z B( X
指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion)- I: a( X+ G# G3 m& U9 x
(当名词用;通常只用单数)# u) q4 y! k. H5 B3 L
例如:
$ f2 Z# Q' B% {Your wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters.9 F: ^* X& p2 S# ?
(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。)
6 y' ?/ c& j5 B* s1 {Mr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener.
+ w v; w0 g2 U* ^# I4 U r* C9 f(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。); D, i4 d! v3 Y: W) Y7 ]7 Y/ H$ q* L
The popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants. z' @" j0 K' I# h- @5 \9 B
(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。), B- V- y& S8 `! N4 j j. k4 T
Some American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people.
) o K; t6 q& c7 |- ]3 v4 k y, S! g2 D2 U(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。)
" f* c+ s m4 _. Q7 w! Z(7) hot dog:( U7 S6 P* H) B, p- e
指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用)
9 c* r. e ]5 m例如:
; e0 m4 P# C" k% Z( \; tSome young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.
9 s- C# ^; Z. W* W) r6 s& N(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。). T3 u4 \6 H5 _+ h, M" J5 y" J
(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers)
0 p# F3 e, t6 z0 J) U/ \/ FIn front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog.
' u& e8 Y# f* z5 h(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。)# i+ a; E" h! H' e2 ]$ R' z; t
(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging)
9 L5 {% \/ d6 u: G; A& z0 q) lDuring the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.& K" s1 x8 I& j8 d6 \# K
(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。)
% j! i7 Z8 G. `" A' j: b: V5 [也指真正的热狗食物:% P1 q/ S5 v/ G9 M* Q% @! |1 Q: q) q7 Q3 p
The hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.
; B' s% d) ]# M! t(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。)
# f& Z2 G# l2 g$ s8 K2 L也可表达欣赏的心情:9 K# u$ ~8 P4 g1 R' M. Q
Hot dog ! What great news for me.3 h+ F3 d! Z6 Z7 O; a+ b4 g. h: l
(真棒!对我来说是好消息。)9 d9 ], z$ f% n1 X0 D( O
(8)eager beaver:% C" G; G$ ~' D- A" ~ z- G2 y+ |$ h
指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others)
" r/ {( P$ R# a5 b6 X7 b* T(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。)2 ~$ b, E: F8 H; c( H! V* [" k. W
(当名词用,可指男女)
/ U0 |" W" \: t% D例如:) d" @7 _4 b0 u. F2 [4 t
John seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late.
# `# x4 m A# |) s(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。)
$ z' G! |/ F. d/ g7 H" dBeing an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.
# G# x* P4 n! Q0 V/ c(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)
7 Q) r8 d; U. L1 `* bDoes Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?
N; p8 F$ G2 A" s( Y, C8 K(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?)
4 d& a, L$ }) T$ {7 YYou may find some eager beavers in any organizations.5 c- Z, @/ M" m+ R/ u" l, d4 |) K
(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。)1 y8 j# Y& E6 i6 N+ i* P
(9)doubting Thomas:% i* `5 B6 x' c" P" Q0 y4 L+ f
这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others)
) }" Z) R3 [4 c! V(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活)
K1 y2 u8 J5 Y" I& [ v, G! T; H(当名词用)
1 g& l- m* s0 r3 \* E7 c% |例如:
4 v ^/ i* X& F/ v2 EI am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise.. @! B |9 h7 R) N9 i' S# t) b! H
(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。): c: M& o, p2 J* ?6 {
There must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas.
{# E5 P) k" _$ @: T$ [$ c! m" b(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。)1 h V' L4 E4 Y. z& N/ H1 [
也可用复数:
6 N: o/ M/ O, \) ]% nMy friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.
( [6 U) t0 s9 ?: j u(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。)
0 `# ]& y' r9 [! Q! AIf there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another.! V! `0 U1 d9 C
(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)1 p0 m a; N% |
(10)dragon lady:
- b. r! x: L" e6 z+ P q" p6 V% j指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用)
2 N- P4 y0 F8 v3 ]* _ P# _: q; Y例如:
) C. }3 x; `! v5 hThe chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.0 x; L# }$ ~4 V) x
(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。)8 t9 c! G$ @/ Q, X+ K* N7 k
I am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady.
" q6 }; O% D. J$ X+ @0 ?8 C(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。)
1 G6 P/ W' C- e7 W% }Should your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?" V. n R6 B, I1 O8 z0 l
(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?)
v1 Z4 O. F# j$ G) Q也可用复数:2 n+ `" b' g* @7 `
There may be many dragon ladies in our community.( v0 H" l5 ]8 S. c9 O$ @0 J
(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。)
$ I+ Y3 \/ f# \, H, B注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表 |
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