 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The* N. S( }# {0 l' }" Q; n) F! h
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
! `: ]6 r& P! q6 y1 Vsyllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
% ]# \5 Q, M, u- s' l4 O l. h' C. Qand uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
# [; C1 P2 T; B& B2 b(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of% f* G" c# F6 J0 e+ a$ p" _
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).6 \7 K; C5 w' S# N
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
. r/ D8 |0 D% ?! k8 |* h* ^[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
# ]3 }8 o- T6 {(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving4 x: Y2 o8 R- b- }
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on) L# I0 c; B0 d# f* Z( q5 k0 ?& [/ ?
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset @4 ]# ^! W V& Y2 k0 _# _( G
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
; U( y5 ]8 }4 @6 L0 V+ C! |# }segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
: @" u1 y. h0 c! [, Y. esemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.% \" T4 k) T/ f- h6 `4 I
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
% g1 |" s* b) W* J/ Ocompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,& v0 k8 p$ A! Q; p8 B9 |! N
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..7 X* X: m' _& p S: u2 d1 R
4 O* O. Z3 f6 e, y% |# L
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)- J. q* p" q. A8 Q; k! D2 I- ]
and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
