 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The ^0 F! Z# M( q% P) f" X% A- L& G
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
: s# L: I- J) x& e7 ?' r5 rsyllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
, M+ y; {% Q0 B7 gand uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
. {. o+ o: X( X/ ~( O! S9 V6 o/ a(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of. L! T8 @. y: n2 Z$ J+ V1 V5 D
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).$ i- f+ L! v5 H) X3 L* K
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=: ]* B) n: w0 S, S
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”] Z b0 L# V( _- ^; T2 x: L
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
4 d) n6 i0 K& Y* a C. H ^retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
7 k7 v, E. p3 O& ^' U2 |8 dpossible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
7 K, E" M+ H+ w2 N$ c, Y. B3 v(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two: n5 J3 @8 o9 X: C+ @" m2 `% g
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a* i+ T0 J! q) d1 \$ M) a
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
# m0 Q" a) q. {/ F7 p; X+ Gend with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In% y# Y+ _$ t; P8 g4 E
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,- ^- j/ F3 A X4 W& I5 A8 k; l C A
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
8 v5 M) s; O8 ^. z; a; D- B1 B/ X0 A t; F! }2 s
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
" F- N+ X6 o8 L, jand American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
