 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The8 H) j; o3 K8 {" ?; I+ D: `
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the) \2 P2 m2 L: w+ T
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
2 U. o$ o% d. p& ~ J$ Dand uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial3 J {' [( v1 l8 j9 f: L
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
, e a b/ _* p' S8 Oretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’). \( f) @6 Y! B
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
& X! J x2 i4 e# t9 f& V8 B[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
- B6 K H8 f' z: J' l1 R(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving/ \, o# d+ @2 f. ]
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
/ d! ^& a" @( w9 Q3 npossible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
( J) d7 t' F1 x& U9 e(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two: G/ T5 N* i' v( l; m: r' X$ y$ z
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a% ?* D- L+ u" \/ J. t& o
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
$ J# p3 X. k$ _& J7 a0 lend with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In- i' j2 q: }/ S! z4 j
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,5 \; i4 |1 b \: [, _0 s3 H8 i
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
6 L, f4 ^ T9 w, r* {1 {/ l# O
* M% I/ X" U0 Z9 x* A) M, p(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)7 ?/ U, v5 m# L# R+ \
and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
