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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)
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# H P6 H+ t z, |7 l3 B# VProof:
7 c% B6 @) L4 vLet n >1 be an integer
0 w. M1 r7 A5 I' g! P0 CBasis: (n=2): d1 S" u! ~: Z1 a2 o4 M
2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3
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% E2 g! o' N, R- r/ FInduction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that
/ ?; \. ~3 p+ t1 ]# f1 _ K^3 – K can by divided by 3.
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Now, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 3
/ ?6 B, N$ A' x/ I4 M7 Csince we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem# K; t4 g2 k1 T# T- B$ {
Then we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)
9 @! O3 E1 ]5 Y+ S3 l- n4 |) t = K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K- A! f& j9 k- B
= ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)
, u5 n J- T# t6 g5 k" M) S = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
, Y0 E* y! r3 eby Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0
% \% w8 R% X8 b- C7 s8 YSo we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)3 d3 t# i% }( f) R
= 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)
# e. O' s* ? ?0 R- i. l = 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3
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" r4 P0 X8 R* z$ p; cConclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.) @- l6 o- c1 Q3 |) Q
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[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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