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NO SPEAKING, LAITY
This is my first time to address here. XIAO FENG CAN YUE wants me to tell guys how to drive a turbo car correctly so that everybody can benefit it and identify who is correct and who is a laity but which made so much boring noise. Please see the attachment that tells you how to deal with a TURBO. Do pay attention to BOOST R.M.P, PEAK TOUQUE R.M.P, and PEAK HORSEPOWER R.M.P. % S ^) p% h0 F# [. f
4 @6 ~6 p/ C) D* B5 J4 }8 I4 @8 d" [/ `( S" B! [% @
Tech Sheet
E( p0 s6 E8 T& S‘Frequently Asked’7 L& b$ B! k, c, k
‘Turbo Questions’(In no particular order), Z/ n5 Z/ F5 T( B
Your turbocharger is engineered to match the specific requirements of the engine it is
, i9 v! x6 v: d w' K6 Ofitted to. Each is dependent on the other to maintain optimum performance. Don't& h7 n8 Z, T/ }; x8 V
think of the turbo as a bolt-on accessory, rather as an integral part of the engine. The
2 F( U6 g+ A/ |% i: F9 `; ]4 @+ Sturbo's requirements are similar to the engine’s. It is, therefore, essential that
% g: z" T. J! k$ z7 sscheduled servicing, using good quality oils and parts, is central to caring for your9 s4 f- i$ S: A* a7 E m" H$ S
turbo.. q& @7 y* I) z: Z* F* w
In many instances Berrima Diesel receive turbochargers which have been
+ p/ f, ~: H" ?3 J: O( }& x# I$ tmisdiagnosed as having a turbo problem, when actually the turbo is not at fault., W' h/ c8 {( d$ v, d, g9 @
Incorrect fault finding is often caused by a lack of product knowledge. Many3 I3 q8 x1 t7 w: U; |
contributory items around the engine bay can trick the unsuspecting into believing the
5 e2 n& P) o( ^3 e5 h/ uturbo is the culprit, when in fact it is not. Unfortunately, if the real problem is not
" n5 Z$ b; ?, j2 J% M- J- X+ ?diagnosed before a replacement turbocharger is fitted, the problem still exists!6 F5 n- z0 e2 {4 E: _3 ^
We have a saying at Berrima Diesel which goes, "Turbos don't die. They’re killed". A5 i1 `) R6 I. l5 L2 S9 D1 `
turbo can be killed in many ways.# @/ m; b% K9 |% x; ~
Foreign object damage results in either the air intake "compressor wheel" or exhaust. m- D3 Q( A7 G) {8 g7 u
"turbine" wheel being damaged. The former is often caused by someone accidentally2 T/ f' a2 A9 R8 j$ t& D
leaving a nut or other foreign body in the air induction hoses. Please be extremely3 Z; Q& ~; Z6 ]
careful if going to an aftermarket air-filter. Genuine is bests there! In the latter case,
( L$ E. O0 v6 L& Bthis may be caused by part of an engine component, such as a piece of valve, exiting+ f- r9 ?2 _" o E
the engine in rather a hurry! In both cases it results in severe turbocharger damage1 `, F d7 I+ L( f" ^ h' v. a
instantly.
) m$ j1 [$ k% | K# h' R. ]5 _Turbochargers are simple in operation, but manufactured to precise tolerances as fine4 a7 D% f G" _, Q1 l! K
as 1/ 1,000,000 of an inch. The turbo unit manufacturers balance and test every single
! o U7 |) ?; X3 N7 ^ F- jturbocharger many times, including final assembly. The balancing methods and
' v3 C" Y+ ~3 \0 O" A- qprocedures are unique. Without them, no turbocharger can be balanced to the ultrafine
2 Q. y- s; ~5 P: Q* ctolerances required for today’s high speed turbos. It is now common for g' z- v/ L4 u% }, i. |+ z
turbochargers to spin up to 150,000 rpm +.
; D4 M; J: _5 m6 p7 T. N$ Q1 qThat’s approximately 35 times faster than most diesel engines rev at the red line!
- s, w5 J0 ^7 MSophisticated machinery and highly trained factory staff ensure that the highest
- M' T) z* f% L! v1 |% rstandards are always maintained.7 D2 \& r3 a7 v) G G, v/ ^
Useful tips when driving any turbocharged engine, whether it be petrol or diesel, are* K- n+ Q8 Q2 r# e6 G( q% k
to always allow the engine to warm-up fully, until the water temperature gauge
' D Q; z8 e+ I. |- greaches normal, before full throttle is used. Try to plan the end of your journey
/ r4 J4 }# k* E" ~7 P8 ^sympathetically. Don’t use full throttle or allow the engine to labour during the last2 k, O( H- V, I
few miles. This will prevent excessive heat build-up within the turbo when the engine
8 B( S- r7 S0 t5 B' T* S2 J* Q' N7 Nis turned off. Also, when coming to a standstill, try to leave the engine idling for a$ |% o9 y7 G ~0 A& B+ L
few extra seconds to allow the heat to decrease. No need for a timer though, just undo. ?, P' _' \( P* k h- S
your seat belt first and then turn off the engine. Never rev the engine just as the5 w6 R7 q) t% j! @
ignition is turned off. Remember the turbo spins at a far greater speed then the
' O+ N7 \& o" C7 l% \* j4 Nengine, but is lubricated with engine oil. Once the engine stops the oil supply ceases
8 Q$ m, Q1 ?2 w- I* l/ @within a few seconds. In reality, none of the above traits will cause a turbocharger to
. e9 u2 a1 I3 ofail immediately, but repeatedly over a long period, they could reduce the life of your: s P; ^' \; \! X+ O
turbocharger.8 q+ t; _, t: J" A9 C
If it becomes necessary to seek advice about a turbocharger or a turbo related! h2 ~- u8 F1 K9 z' P0 @
problem, always rely on a professional. Berrima Diesel, together with DTS
5 ^4 ]" i6 M6 p# C, L5 v9 S9 \turbochargers, are Australia’s leading turbo specialist, and are acknowledged as one
* u( _; N9 |0 d3 V8 m7 [of the most experienced turbo installation companies in the world. We can advise6 K$ ~- R: D3 ?/ N6 D
customers with turbocharged 4WD’s on a wide variety of questions and issues5 J6 r/ G1 b6 D# H, S; A% C
relating to owning and running a turbo car.
$ n% b3 `1 Y G8 c, c& _It cannot be stressed too much how important it is, when purchasing turbocharger0 { e3 y3 r/ l! Z3 p' G1 A2 n. a
system, always to choose the top brand name -Berrima Diesel. Consider this. As with
/ z2 w* B$ J- ]9 ^so many things in life, quality costs, and there are sometimes cheaper turbos for sale.
5 i% B3 D; u$ H6 F1 w1 oWithout the safeguard of using a Berrima Diesel turbocharger, you run a serious risk2 A4 {# n3 F# V( N
that your short-term saving may turn out to be a long-term nightmare.3 o5 Y3 P% `4 T0 I! Y
What is 'Boost'?
* J7 A, p1 K* r0 KBoost is a term used to describe the increase in pressure, provided by the7 W) c7 H- A' U$ ^% G; B2 d
turbocharger, to the volume of air, entering the engine. This pressure is expressed in" h/ E7 e, z. b
a number of different units, (BAR, ATM, Kpa, P.S.I.), but they all mean the same7 r- `+ A: s& }+ O
thing. For purposes of approximate comparison; 1 BAR = 1 ATM = 100 Kpa
& Y/ \- B, W0 l' P% a/ q9 p6 ?14.7P.S.1. When the pressure of the engine's inlet air is increased, the engine's power
% n) g% _. q+ [1 U: e4 u8 K9 eoutput is increased. This pressure increase is called 'boost'.
& g; Z- {' p8 w+ @$ B/ Q- t0 VHow does fitting a Dynamic Turbosystem effect the power of my, _4 P: W9 n" T, `2 o0 C9 e( W
vehicle? H. r% {3 K# ]# y! d
Modern 4WD diesel engines, typically produce peak torque (pulling power), at
7 ^& B8 f N. `around 2,000-2,500 R.P.M. and peak horsepower at around 3,500-4,000 R.P.M.
/ Z; e: p4 q# P2 n1 _Turbo boost starts at approximately 750 R.P.M. and rises progressively to its
$ q6 h+ W, S9 J. P# l& z# X2 Mmaximum pressure of approx. 70 Kpa (10 P.S.I.) by approx. 2,000 R.P.M. At this
* F% o/ a5 x8 R( _9 e7 R0 vpoint, the percentage torque increase of a correctly tuned installation is approx. 40%,. Z: t; f3 a) t' ^# [
at the wheels. This continues to the peak horsepower point of 3,500-4,000 R.P.M. At
& E, v* x% N: l/ w5 jno point is it ever any less than standard. e.g. at 1500 R.P.M. it is at least 25% greater$ g' H2 I2 y2 l$ _
than the standard vehicle at the same R.P.M.9 G( y* e4 M" X! |5 w
Can I fit a Dynamic Turbosystem myself and, if not, how long and" O: R9 `% f: a t
what is the cost of having it fitted for me ?) Z/ n2 B. b+ P+ R0 k" g& P# E
While most competent mechanics could probably fit a Dynamic Turbosystem,
, F9 Q/ ~6 f0 X; S) P8 V8 Ptuning requires specialised knowledge. The lack of this knowledge could have( H" Z) g E6 Y- i
serious consequences. In addition, warranty can only be provided on Dynamic4 t) d, y+ T. v/ e* h6 X4 ~
Turbosystems which are installed by authorised facilities.
/ _: H# R* ~% s! p8 T8 t! EThe cost of having the installation performed by Andrew at Berrima Diesel is
# Z/ T2 K; t+ f& ?0 j$ u6 Wonly about 10% of the total purchase price. This provides a warranted, correctly6 s% |& ]* L. ?* S1 k
tuned, "no hassle" installation for the customer. All diesel vehicle installation can be
/ @7 f3 b2 i5 b+ V6 R; |performed in one day.+ f, ^# G; n$ P- o
What creates the most heat? Fuel or turbo boost?
- z! U. Y8 C Y, P. n* f5 zDiesels do not need an air control (eg. manifold butterfly valve. The only ones
! R8 b4 W' [7 h. \1 O* a$ Qrequiring a butterfly are vacuum operated governor pumps) to operate. The more air$ U# b! _/ P1 f
the better. Add too much fuel to the equation and the exhaust gas temperature: n8 k3 |5 a$ ^, `- _1 ~
rises rapidly.
3 Y6 r/ T' E/ N% dWhat type of oil and how often should it be changed ?. V+ G' {) P6 E. T4 Z1 D# D
Turbos must have good quality oil. Use either a mineral, semi or fully-synthetic4 i r! i% j1 V. c+ H
engine oil. Berrima Diesel recommends Shell Rimula range or Shell Helix Ultra .$ ] s' O" F- A: h9 G+ C
Change oil at intervals recommended by the vehicle manufacturer.: `' d; Z* x$ Y& ^
How long does a turbo last ?
2 L; x1 U/ D- H1 d4 D6 [( f% pOn average, as long as the engine or longer with regular engine servicing and good
1 b3 d! a8 s8 j2 A2 S% Zquality engine oil.
1 A6 W# {0 w/ C" d3 vWhat is a ‘dump’ valve or ‘blow-off‘ valve ?
- F K2 ~' x: g1 W6 NA valve which relieves boost-pressure between the compressor outlet and engine as. c. j+ K3 o* C
the throttle is closed (Only required on throttle valve controlled diesels which are
* S: w- g" ]) F% L, u7 G. Crarely seen these days). These are commonly fitted to hotted up petrol cars so it
9 ~' u! i" h1 s7 n5 qsounds good changing gears among other reasons!7 k' P& {& C8 b2 C) C) s
Can I fit a turbo from another 4WD ?, J1 S3 f+ Z% U
No, virtually all turbocharger are different inside, even if they appear similar on the
% H8 f+ O) z/ Z% O! t+ Qoutside. The turbo model e.g. Mitsubishi TD04, is only the model, not the
2 B) v7 v) d; m; y' Cspecification.( x2 p6 Z, V$ x( c
Should I leave my engine ‘ticking over’ before it is turned off ?& H: g1 U/ c2 g
Not for normal every day driving, but still worthwhile if the engine has been under
$ R; x0 T( K; S/ R/ Gload or raced before being turned off. e.g. Towing a caravan or after climbing a long
1 m) C& c: g: t% E6 d5 F1 U* Xincline., \6 Z4 V8 m2 O; {4 P1 u! x& d4 s' H
Why is it important to balance a turbocharger ?/ K4 J$ f1 p7 P' I: w
Without highly accurate balancing, vibration will create a whining noise, reduce
$ Z! I6 Z8 l, \$ W4 A- Rturbo bearing life and reduce turbo efficiency.
v0 K% Y6 c0 @# @7 KHow much boost does my turbo produce?
* e: F* n8 Z- q9 ECorrectly set up diesel 4WD turbochargers run up to between 10 PSI to12 PSI with
L" U( O) D5 P' m9 w) U% Q3 A- ~) Q4 }Intercooler turbocharged engines running upwards of 13PSI.! V8 |+ i8 k! u5 O# W
How many psi in one bar ?
* u# j, ]' E2 f1 I$ ~14.7 psi = 1 bar.; V r6 q$ C8 t7 k
Are all actuators the same ?
- a+ V+ l/ y, X: @+ ?No, each has a different opening pressure and rate.( ]5 A4 f/ I4 i, n- L
Oil in the turbo inlet pipe - Should I be concerned ?
/ i- `1 ^5 y3 `5 n& h- d6 _A small amount of oil usually exists, drawn in from the engine's crankcase breather) q' ]# j+ `8 J7 p! x
system. High engine wear will increase the amount of oil found, and will require
$ }, H; q2 B2 W% ~. H# Efurther engine tests (not turbo).7 b) a* H; o7 ~) u2 V8 A% b$ M
Should a turbo be serviced ?2 X# `6 K, X( H4 U* N
No specific turbo servicing is required, but regular quality engine servicing is needed9 [6 v K, n' P3 S. _
to reduce the chance of turbocharger problems.
# b, Q$ A( Q. N% P% LWhat is a water-cooled turbo ?
! G& e% p& x) t: P4 pThe central part of the turbo, housing the bearings, is surrounded by a water jacket
' Z+ }( J) c( D0 cthrough which the engine's water coolant is passed. This water continues to circulate
) H; B5 Q* E6 z* h) y8 s# F: Xafter the engine is turned off, cooling the turbo, and preventing heat soak.
) Z& ?1 F4 q. p2 r- r" iDo I need to up grade my exhaust ?
W4 R# U; P9 d4 ]6 c& dGenerally not. Our systems are designed to run utilising as much genuine component% A- `- j) b' C) T, l
as possible. Some systems on the market promote exhaust change as it is required by( h P7 g/ k m# Y. M; v- S9 }
that particular turbo. Doing so usually picks up more noise than performance.3 F9 ] q3 B* t
How noisy should a turbo be ?
4 `9 ]9 g: I3 c5 A" _5 aOnly an unbalanced, worn out or damaged turbo will produce any significant turbo
2 A1 g5 j5 a i' X9 [noise.
% w6 s. R$ o2 M3 M+ R+ k9 j; l( V$ ]$ SWhat is an intercooler ?& Q1 c) k. f5 |" r) L( p
A special type of radiator which cools air before it enters the engine. As a turbo3 R& H' m: [1 x0 s: [/ y. n
compresses air, the air heats up. Power can be increased if the air entering the engine: b/ M. l" L [- `' [/ ?" H
is cooler. The cooler air is more dense meaning that more fuel can be injected for
$ S3 E3 T r4 P9 j+ ?; \! l: Emore power.
* ^& y% k. d! h- u, sWill my vehicle run ‘cooler’ with an intercooler ?
- O# P4 T) Q, U( |) R2 tTheoretically, but not always the case! We commonly find Intercooled 4WD vehicles
8 m( @! H B5 grunning hot due to over-fuelling and radiator restriction. Restriction meaning that hot+ c' P( a7 ?6 b6 [+ a' k
air passes out of the Intercooler over the air conditioning condenser and finally the
% K* G8 C3 o- W3 f& yradiator. The poor old radiator is left with scraps of extremely hot air and then is
( W* L5 b; Y# m' X# dexpected to cool the engine. We don’t advise fitting them as hot Australian conditions
+ Y1 n# ?- U, n$ L1 N9 ~$ Zcan often be the catalyst for engine heat problems.$ C6 K* p2 i2 w' m/ S. j& ~; |
What will happen to my fuel consumption?! d' }/ _/ I8 Y8 i
More power generally means more fuel. With a diesel turbo system, fuel consumption) H" `/ h7 p* S, J# z2 v- M- B
stays generally the same and can become better under towing conditions |
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楼主: 晓风残月
狗仔卡
发表于 2008-7-10 11:10
显身卡
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发表于 2008-7-11 09:19
