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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑 9 {8 |: ?7 S7 V2 J3 x* U1 p" d
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http://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688
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John Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China
% a' e4 y `2 P( c R9 ZYANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
# Q8 Y" d$ K0 }( S4 M$ }4 b* ~Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
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LI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of/ g2 Q! F5 ] S# h. S( G9 ~$ ]6 c
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.$ T9 j- U$ B% t, \/ J9 [
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Supported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .. m" g: s d: {" j; B4 B. M
Received 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 20188 F) E: F1 a4 h
Published online 26 January 2018
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) r8 W6 |# o' I4 y- e; ?Abstract
7 B2 }8 ~5 ^2 U, t) i4 k; |; QJohn Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing
4 w; w1 q# x2 D) Y; f0 l% t6 P1 cDynasty who came to China and was employed by The0 J0 R7 i$ D! z( [* n6 F0 a) q. R
Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been/ F) M$ q5 }6 D/ w" V
engaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not' o" `& i: E t/ n1 U8 q
only having translated a great deal of Western scientific
* F8 i3 E6 K* jworks into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly: e& I+ I4 C; ?" o
to the standardization of the scientific terminology. F6 p1 ]) v$ x. M7 @8 H2 y: u! Z* \
translation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s
5 J) D! X, q+ s5 w" N4 M. dscientific translation practice and his translation ideas,* P' m8 U/ H2 g. @9 j
and then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the
1 h/ O% ]( v! ^ p( I9 c9 istandardization of the scientific terminology translation1 x1 S# h, l- }: N$ e
in Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien* C0 } J g/ S
he established had helped greatly with the popularization
3 j7 _" X% o, N" o0 p V; Sof modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring
: H9 Y- y) V: x. {6 M- T" {5 T# dthe Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way
, O2 L2 `# j5 sfor the term translation of modern chemical elements, and
9 `9 H. G: X" L& J* d! P8 \that various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a
1 o+ D7 e" t. V8 B! l1 Wgreat degree, had standardized the translation of scientific/ o; v: o4 W8 K5 i( `; d) d" {
terminology.+ e: F( N/ a( \! I
Key words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;: W+ a% w& K0 d5 F- i
Standardization of terminology translation
8 `, b# ~: Z: B# D: [% ~9 W G0 b% wYang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to
. i) O" M3 i$ A+ |Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern, U# c; {3 N' j q1 x; I
China. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available$ V5 q9 @' @2 @, p$ m% V8 S
from: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213
& B d% y- M% U5 ~DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/10213
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7 X5 d+ ^+ A3 G6 W" z- Q# E4 pINTRODUCTION) y$ T9 ?. @1 ?( j4 m
John Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and
9 `; I) I- @( b0 @5 I8 f2 h; d2 ua great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).
* C6 N) B* h- G& a9 C$ d' KDriven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to
9 p* l: f8 D& c4 ^' K% IHong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of/ ]8 _9 B1 Y; d* m+ E
St. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed
p: [. r8 |, gby The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as
9 j7 j( w( Y3 H; b) ]an editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on
0 m( c; W+ w1 d8 E- A, A) fhis job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-
2 f! i# D4 c# X- V1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific
' n" H1 @& }& P. M8 {0 pworks and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,
: p+ }6 F* N/ r6 x+ _Fryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.# D( G8 A! J+ Z: O0 S8 J
Namely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated2 E0 ^( P4 T8 F- Z( h; _/ C; e
to him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant% C, r5 }% N% I
would transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,
. S% n E- \" Krevise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,8 l! E: D/ I7 e, R# n! O
Fryer translated more than one hundred of Western
) m$ \+ e; ~( s; Zbooks that made him the most productive one among the8 m& B9 X9 m/ J* N- s( N. P
foreign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,
% C J F# u7 d4 {* A/ y L% l' htranslating Western scientific books into Chinese was a
+ ^- P5 s" n6 ~6 |1 U4 [noble work which could help accelerate the process of
5 E! C" i" u$ P Epeople’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).
/ y: B$ _# y( i- N4 S v+ w! IIn addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer
& n. M1 E* [3 x- Y u( P' V" \9 D \also paid much attention to the dissemination of Western
# l8 ] r/ y9 i; I6 ]6 [- rscience and the standardization of translated scientific
4 [* W, P+ {9 u) }terms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific
0 b8 N+ A% ^# Q: A- Y O$ K$ Emagazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the) I" g, S: y; v* l9 Z5 m4 J
establishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another
% m# |$ |& A9 m' T- H' Ccontribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series& K+ t, O; Z! N) d. r
of chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in4 m2 ~: Z! l. B Q- Z. k
Modern China.
% Y/ F% Z1 V) JAn American scholar Dagenais (2010) published
% x% Y& l: I+ T: {3 c8 {4 x# V4 b% X" \The John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of
: s' ^5 F9 p; \7 _1 R6 @. K3 D ktravel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing
" j5 W5 K8 ?* L% Ga lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In7 t0 `/ F% j" q( [- Q# _" O
John Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and
5 n$ C. y: Y* ^$ t3 W: E: _* _Technology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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