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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑 6 g9 s, |( R) h9 X& m0 g6 w
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http://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688) Y( H& @2 y( \- b
8 @7 P4 a2 [4 R) x. c/ p1 O# `0 {John Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China
0 f7 y8 n8 t( g; iYANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of+ V$ j* q2 K1 }# E
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.. r- x0 C% }2 U; U2 F" Z E
" D, u: j* |) B' mLI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of4 {0 M2 {# b7 K# _* e
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
+ x- i+ p; X0 G1 r+ O+ c- g: m0 q) z( H1 ~" V& S' D5 [( E% n3 f
Supported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .
F( P( i: b) f; [0 PReceived 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 2018+ p& \# X8 h: L5 Y+ S
Published online 26 January 2018
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, v, |/ o' g, s; l8 H5 Y8 S* NAbstract
: Z0 O% ~" ?- ~( GJohn Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing# q4 a4 }! q- n/ o
Dynasty who came to China and was employed by The# _5 {+ d' d. e7 y1 K
Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been+ [3 K: U; ?, l4 O0 q; ], \
engaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not# l) d" ?" Y1 T1 Z* b$ j Z4 ~9 ^
only having translated a great deal of Western scientific2 y# d- W Y7 z7 W( D
works into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly% l8 d( Q( X. x
to the standardization of the scientific terminology
/ |2 U% M, c' b0 W/ {translation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s4 g5 k, `1 J a
scientific translation practice and his translation ideas,9 r6 G% V% M; t7 V9 f: j
and then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the8 B* I6 u, b# n9 X3 F
standardization of the scientific terminology translation3 f/ y6 G( ]) S; |- _) s& W0 q' ^
in Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien8 h- f0 N: s* u$ }3 T! l% u% e
he established had helped greatly with the popularization
& Q% j# [6 H [ dof modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring: b8 u& g' C' M9 a" m
the Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way
" p, W8 v; E0 B: Pfor the term translation of modern chemical elements, and7 }7 D! H. D8 M) f- h# {6 K) h
that various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a3 F8 a$ v) a1 ?6 @' f
great degree, had standardized the translation of scientific, y& d. k" x' u
terminology.
- |0 D6 t3 i( k. G: EKey words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;
$ q; _. |) C2 i+ f+ q( ^" P) e3 q1 QStandardization of terminology translation
3 z) Q) I" l @+ y# C) w! _! BYang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to' `) E) H, {9 x9 d( a! @, E$ W
Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern
1 l% k6 {3 V4 Z% cChina. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available
( }; W9 y) m( Rfrom: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213$ M5 v1 c; m' \7 F5 n) g
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/102135 [7 z2 _0 W% M5 j
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3 u) Z4 B. T. BINTRODUCTION
% L: }' f- P+ O T4 c* \, d% d+ nJohn Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and
& I6 S: u# P3 O# V/ z! wa great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).
: V4 B4 Z- ^1 R3 T7 X6 J1 ]$ ^Driven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to
. q& H8 @5 ?) WHong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of
8 H5 w. p: m( [St. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed
, J5 k) D. k% @9 J9 Wby The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as
; I+ p& {7 h0 ? n. E8 P/ `an editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on
4 c" V }% z( Y: r" S3 |his job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-$ S1 x7 Y) h: j4 o( L
1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific
! B8 a4 O8 t) \7 @2 ?" V0 \7 c* iworks and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,
- \2 a. L6 s0 y- X6 mFryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction., m( g. r( O. v, i" k
Namely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated
4 T& L- S! L2 a$ b( Gto him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant# \. ?4 c* p2 V+ C; {
would transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,5 x! e, c8 t6 L' M' C
revise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,
& J0 j9 l/ P, y9 W% Y* d3 r1 lFryer translated more than one hundred of Western9 B7 `7 p2 h. Q7 M% ^
books that made him the most productive one among the( \ q5 T: F( W! S+ m, ^0 Y% ?: j
foreign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,8 Y2 d: C6 _, }" s" Z
translating Western scientific books into Chinese was a; o0 {! j2 D/ V0 \# X
noble work which could help accelerate the process of5 @6 F, h% ~5 Q" ?+ B
people’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).
. o; h& k' ~9 \In addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer
8 Y( F) O& y% B" ?also paid much attention to the dissemination of Western
: }! y$ F! ?9 c5 ^% C4 m3 `science and the standardization of translated scientific# l7 R2 W/ C$ n' j
terms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific
: x! ]% ?" ~' Y2 j+ p3 emagazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the
* R, y6 Y1 @* r- v! }( zestablishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another
- m' p- ^- J" ?contribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series
. J7 J7 X/ d# B8 _ Zof chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in) u* ~$ W$ a: l8 U5 R; X
Modern China.
* G$ D1 L3 T9 t; z& PAn American scholar Dagenais (2010) published# l/ O& F. x- O1 B1 W8 g5 [* q3 l
The John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of; b" t# N' V/ x, u. P
travel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing
; d5 \; |) J8 C# j1 S; za lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In+ T5 p% }, y! X7 ~7 B1 O8 F
John Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and$ x: ~; W* D+ I% Q$ L6 i
Technology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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