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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑
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http://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688/ a- j& `+ u- a& S H$ Y
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John Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China
$ ?& w7 r/ N" jYANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of G v- [& {8 j* d3 Q$ u2 O
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
& X+ N3 z0 }8 G2 N- _2 d3 q# ]. H/ ~3 y6 a z9 n! ^
LI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
' Z1 s1 D1 d( D2 C2 Z/ SFinance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.2 _# C+ P7 p6 U# T4 i9 }/ G
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Supported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .
& N f0 h% j9 c) h6 i$ JReceived 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 2018
" \, @* u S: P$ E H3 }' R; z# [Published online 26 January 2018
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5 ^& Q2 K, @ y5 f2 z( D. W/ dAbstract( ^) A* a* K7 X" p, d: N0 j
John Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing
. `4 Z% g# `% H! z- YDynasty who came to China and was employed by The8 C: S/ [6 [) `$ J
Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been
2 h# [; \" B! _8 p! C* wengaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not% Z) w* v7 {! D5 g4 H/ K( l R
only having translated a great deal of Western scientific# Q: [, p; T6 b& p* N6 i
works into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly& O$ {# X+ T4 S' l1 c+ y3 z
to the standardization of the scientific terminology
% K4 e4 G) L) ~ ttranslation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s
H' o; v% M, Y7 D, @& M; u/ Zscientific translation practice and his translation ideas,
1 l. C+ d+ w( xand then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the. H( [7 z, s. M
standardization of the scientific terminology translation: Q; Q8 o E8 _% b; @& F7 g
in Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien$ G; a2 R- _* {& ~( X
he established had helped greatly with the popularization3 N3 B; e2 k5 n
of modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring5 ]: n% M) ~! p! k
the Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way% X6 @( A* d* Y |9 _
for the term translation of modern chemical elements, and
% J" L+ c( @3 W* ~- {that various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a" K! ? }/ d; I. w- G9 [) {$ Y
great degree, had standardized the translation of scientific
' m, Y* i% I; L4 Z5 J/ Kterminology.1 b. C0 z# }) r0 ?
Key words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;
& K9 B* W+ \! k8 H" p+ KStandardization of terminology translation
5 R* ?: h" @: ?8 VYang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to
m3 o5 t) G5 S" M! ` TStandardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern) G0 Z4 q" `% @3 L. i) m* m6 H
China. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available8 _! B6 t' M6 E6 D, V! V
from: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213$ ~2 g6 B w0 \/ M! x
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/102131 p, r6 d" ~2 v
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5 N$ A- m7 v1 O( q! _9 P! PINTRODUCTION: p( V4 h- a* {+ z
John Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and
/ {$ H0 B& ?1 ?8 fa great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).
; |* V& T, z) j; s. h5 N; MDriven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to U2 _8 l# j! x( X- z7 p' O- J8 e
Hong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of
2 `( Q2 v. h3 ^/ b' G3 g3 ~% FSt. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed; r3 s8 a Q9 Y' w+ n* f! P
by The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as6 t) v' B$ S, a3 q# T
an editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on
, z. u9 R& n! Z. y- u, Y3 R! Yhis job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-
9 B( } h) t# a6 s7 R6 C/ P N1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific* L& W: d8 ^6 p2 ` q- o' b! P
works and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner, z! {/ i+ {; |; e/ D1 B
Fryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.
& V+ V: P9 O# F& T }- pNamely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated
$ Z" N4 W7 z# g. t* d( j, Q& xto him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant
1 E* g' s" Y5 f& y) T; i; ewould transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,
1 z- H1 c; y+ N% S( \revise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,
' m) P5 W f4 m( sFryer translated more than one hundred of Western% h- w- R/ u1 F# L! d
books that made him the most productive one among the- i8 R' Q1 }& a' i" g. Q/ c
foreign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,
' ^% m5 V( [. G3 n* u) ttranslating Western scientific books into Chinese was a; l$ a3 R' u4 I2 k2 ^+ d0 j0 W$ s
noble work which could help accelerate the process of" G0 n. k+ m0 e7 A
people’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).2 [ h( v* Z$ u* ]+ k
In addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer& Z$ u- I* M$ R9 ^6 x1 s
also paid much attention to the dissemination of Western
' U( x5 u' \; m. n" ^$ O# w$ n% Vscience and the standardization of translated scientific: L/ a1 j6 L1 Q7 \( O
terms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific' l2 {1 t$ }4 h! D7 G" c/ l2 ^
magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the8 d$ j5 y3 z% n4 k# l! i
establishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another
/ Z, k' U/ Z# c9 L$ @- Z% Econtribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series
5 T2 F" e2 p7 r) U8 U+ e2 kof chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in
! a4 _& R5 U" I6 T B: b' _3 I" p1 XModern China.( N2 o/ z2 t& l" g! X- C
An American scholar Dagenais (2010) published, V/ l1 t5 A# [. _# l8 o
The John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of j0 c0 P k% J7 D6 y- }
travel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing: o0 [; b5 ]. k6 e
a lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In
# r N' ]1 Q2 xJohn Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and& T# O6 U E0 w& y0 _$ V
Technology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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