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How to figure a home's fundamental value6 N) C7 X/ c6 y- I/ M# b9 r& f f
Leamer says he can tell because homes, just like stocks, have a price-to-earnings ratio (P/E) that he believes determines their fundamental value. The “earnings” part of the ratio consists of the annual rent the house could command. Homebuyers can compare current P/Es with historical levels, Leamer says, to get some idea of whether houses in their cities are becoming overvalued.
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1 `2 C" n/ }+ {- [' r- ~Not everyone buys the idea that P/Es dictate value. But investors who completely ignore P/Es do so at their peril, as many have learned in recent years. Leamer, who heads the prestigious Anderson Forecast at the University of California in Los Angeles, points out that the P/E for the Standard & Poor’s 500, a key stock benchmark, was nearly double its previous historical high when the stock market bubble burst in 2000. When home P/Es peaked in California, Boston, Dallas and other markets in the mid-1980s, devastating real estate recessions followed.
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6 j! H$ @6 Q! x: A5 K, NLeamer didn’t invent the concept of P/Es for homes. But his willingness to proclaim bubbles in several of the nation’s hottest markets has brought him lots of attention recently.
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4 Z0 W, t, V) @4 Y! i0 y* O( h0 MTo calculate P/Es for entire cities, Leamer divided the median home price in each by the annual rent for a two-bedroom unit in each city -- and looked at P/Es each year since 1988. Here’s what he found:
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In Boston, the residential real estate market’s P/E recently topped 30 -- compared with just under 20 in 1988.* ^* D' C0 R' S( D3 n; e% b
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San Francisco’s previous peak of 25.6 in 1989 has been eclipsed, with the P/E currently at just over 27.
?4 U5 d3 S, W0 c4 \9 ISan Diego’s current P/E is nearly 30, compared with a 1989 high of 23.4.8 K" |! h0 j- G4 W* S
New York, by contrast, is actually well below previous peaks. The area’s current 22.5 P/E is above its recent nadir of 17.6 in 1993, but down from 28.6 in 1988.
8 |9 C I- n2 [/ y1 j7 K7 D5 ?You don’t have to know exact P/Es, however, to spot signs of trouble, Leamer says. Any time there’s a disconnect between prices and the underlying value of homes, as measured by their market rents, there’s the potential for a bubble. 0 O/ ?; i& U7 ^7 y- O
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If home prices are rising much faster than rents, as is true in Los Angeles, that’s a strong indication a bubble is forming.$ e5 E" u( l% U- X. W2 m9 p. i0 a
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If home prices are rising while average rents are falling -- which is the situation in San Francisco -- the bubble is pretty much unmistakable.5 K/ q; l! W3 v- H
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Home P/E ratios for 9 metro areas
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Boston 20.5 30.2
: t* {3 o& K p0 Z$ MSan Diego 22.8 29.7 : A( R7 ]+ e& l t& ^
San Francisco 23.8 27.2
: V" {/ {+ Z, F' tLos Angeles 21.3 25.6
& g1 @+ r% ]( ISeattle 20.4 25
7 v" e, o6 J7 _' Y. C/ ?( ?; nDenver 17.7 23.7 3 A- R2 v: y! M7 S! x
New York 21.2 22.5 R/ P' K: Q. ?
Chicago 17.2 20.8
( w1 _- D& e6 x6 y# SWashington, D.C. 17.1 20.4
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It's difficult to compare P/Es from one city with those from another. P/Es in Atlantic City, N.J., have wavered between 17.3 and 11.6 since 1988; in San Diego, P/Es have not dropped below 20. But you can look on the P/E as a measure of risk -- that is, the higher the P/E is above its average level, the greater the risk, no matter where you live.
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From: http://moneycentral.msn.com/cont ... ingguide/P37631.asp |
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