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谈英语俚语

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发表于 2006-11-26 05:56 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
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谈英语俚语8 y1 E+ r$ @3 {( X& c3 w: a- F
# d, s/ Z+ d# S5 N- C7 E9 o: Z

& h) {5 L6 t- z4 }在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯
1 t; c7 ]- A' }1 q之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。4 d4 m4 x. K* |) S
若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!5 @* t& _: }( l2 E" ~" C- s

; K& l4 Y: j4 p. x5 r; \# U(1) empty suit:
& a: l1 ^4 Z5 B" l5 O& g% E/ V指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。4 R, H% F3 z8 j# z6 R
(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。); i: Q5 l* V* k3 W& s5 p$ S4 x( D/ |
例如:* Z0 I! @: R% j2 G
An empty suit generally gets no attention from the public.
! X) t* j$ W; j8 r: X(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。)/ a6 I. @. d  O8 e4 A: j& y2 J5 j6 W
Mr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit.
$ r' ?5 Q, q6 l8 \- k, b% x& O. e* l(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。)
! j3 O4 N0 }* O! U9 m4 h虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:0 D, _9 u* P- B7 H8 `! h7 {
The company is filled with a lot of empty suits.
+ u- ], @$ _' o- B7 u% V9 }! N! {(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人)
' h; V& m" l( Q' G(2) fair-haired boy:
' t: A+ \: @. @9 T指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man)6 c* g7 I2 @  C
(通常用单数,当名词用)
+ N' F! |- V4 ~+ V! b# J例如:
! C9 Y/ ]1 N6 o5 G/ EMr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent.8 N/ x4 z# g& Q, f( E: j
( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。): }7 M# N" @8 m
Not being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.
" u, M; m( ~7 ~3 F* s  W- Y(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。)
" s. ]4 `$ D4 O7 Y3 f7 H* K- c有时也可用复数:& {8 Q; ?% F0 M1 X% [
Mr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet.
! I, ?4 U# S& H( B& d(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。)
$ f4 u6 z3 T: k9 Q" R6 ZFair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses.8 z" w# g  D  @# ^& b
(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)
8 `4 r6 F% F2 s1 C(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法)
$ a% x" U3 C$ E4 x; R(3) fishing expedition:+ m8 D2 X) I- E  }% t2 a( f# G/ o2 k
为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information)8 O4 \, F8 e3 v
(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数)
8 i# Q% H% [( k0 ]  }6 e例如:& ?  W1 G8 l9 y- d& V& W: W7 J
The judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.
- U5 u- r% G) H9 e- A) a: U(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。)
' G% k, Z8 A8 v+ w; ~  T, s6 IThe police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case.
+ z% i7 y  i' `" a5 [6 r, s1 g(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。)
1 ^4 @, \! m  G- x9 r(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict)  y8 Q. v5 ]/ V; a* `+ C6 d, M! T
The reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War.
! \: G& u, W7 E" L& d' \( r(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。)
4 ]& Z: z; {4 j5 @7 ]偶尔也有人用复数:
2 ?; G+ ]  T3 FSeveral fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office.
" L6 J4 j- R; q( }* [, u(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。)
9 @9 D$ _+ _7 m7 m2 x4 t(4) filthy rich:* {, w2 c* |1 Y1 j, ^
意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy)
3 n8 c7 }& @: Q* D; F& J: k5 T9 @' C(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)# v, B, C0 S+ s: m
多半当形容词用。例如:: O6 S# T$ T$ w
With a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich.
( `% T) U% s  ]  l0 d( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。)
3 x9 _2 ]% b' x% B/ L4 z. oDespite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.
: w5 q. w; o/ g- U1 D8 u(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。)" Y7 m2 N2 `) O. \: g# g& Y4 m, R
A filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.. u( p2 i) e' u8 D( H
(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)% W" Z" B7 u5 Q0 I9 s
Filthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.
: O3 h4 B, R: G4 ](有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。)9 Q& D! P9 |( x6 O
(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)  f3 D- b$ Z# w8 v
(5) fairy godmother:
; L; a% i+ B. W& t% X0 o% ~指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance)) ?  }% @7 s, \9 d! S1 o, g
(多半指有钱的女人)
. `6 p) V8 \) a(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:
# i3 I0 p9 E5 d; N8 xMr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars.1 D! f6 l5 R% i, b8 N
(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。); g0 b/ K' n/ N5 o6 W
After lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother.: y% W2 w" t. M. y
(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。)) k' Q3 k/ J8 r5 H. q# E# O
有时也用复数:
* a# t3 S4 V- HOnly business women can act as fairy godmothers.
4 ]8 u4 l" }" ?% U(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。)
2 s% T" D3 V9 [) d8 |! C2 }In Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.. o1 ^  {* ^& A
(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)% _1 X' [1 I: _! J; f8 u
4 P; g1 q( o% l+ X2 r6 m

2 l/ `1 `( a1 b% g  H  Z/ X6)eye opener:. ^- O& X: S6 A% O7 h8 I  j
指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion)9 v2 }' z3 ~: c1 `
(当名词用;通常只用单数)) N/ e' A7 R/ w! v
例如:
3 z/ q5 j, a/ C, T) f4 R2 `4 FYour wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters.
( [0 ~5 c2 G1 [(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。)
0 @# P7 `# R% a% @2 lMr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener.  G$ H- \+ i) a+ E3 d" ?7 N- r
(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。)
9 |+ G. G, M. v- u( eThe popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants.) d8 Y. c, x8 h9 Q4 q
(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。)# f2 U! C- E4 X0 \4 \
Some American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people.
' ^6 U& V6 j2 E1 g$ ~0 |: B(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。)' g: z7 F/ S0 Y3 ^7 D, m- b
(7) hot dog:: w. k) ?4 v- B+ C  v* `, \
指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用)* e* \' x0 B; x8 U3 ^/ C: k) M$ n6 R
例如:. U! [2 ]0 H. v# F* b
Some young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.
- q8 B) ^  C4 M" n; L7 n, U(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。)( x0 S- l, ?( I$ F0 C# u  ?: f% _5 T
(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers)! @7 {# T: ~0 Q' l
In front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog.
7 t0 X$ ?; z3 x; R3 l# w% O! L% V, p(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。)$ K5 h7 h2 I; Y1 A& n
(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging)9 n% M0 G5 }$ K! B( _7 F
During the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.$ Z, C$ Z9 _9 b* r  w; K0 N
(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。)
, l6 w1 I8 s& B3 c0 w) c! D也指真正的热狗食物:
1 H2 l' \7 t: h+ ^$ k* S% oThe hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.
9 g7 h0 ]' d+ Z  J(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。)
8 ~& f' O8 b# Q也可表达欣赏的心情:1 n, s9 U/ j5 c) k0 P3 X* k, f0 D
Hot dog ! What great news for me.
; f( ]$ J. \5 i; u2 c3 A(真棒!对我来说是好消息。)
" }8 g0 G' |5 O7 ^% M(8)eager beaver:
) N. {, q3 R2 q指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others)
5 F* ]" }$ ?# R4 B( |) ^. J  [(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。)
2 P' r4 [" S7 D2 h/ d* J" a3 L(当名词用,可指男女)
; f7 M( U1 ]3 |例如:
! O% z3 I5 i; n7 k1 e$ e3 ZJohn seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late., V/ a0 r+ D* S" a- p
(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。)
( r+ _4 B% B! t! d* ]Being an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.7 U: a/ v2 @6 o: i1 o7 t
(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)% v$ O. U' ^9 W0 l
Does Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?/ n+ G. m1 Q; Q7 }' h
(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?)8 ^5 h% x" d1 r* c( C
You may find some eager beavers in any organizations.
, D) S1 T! p( p1 A0 t(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。)+ L" X, o: f+ H# l( e
(9)doubting Thomas:
& ?8 V3 L1 V! K  L5 f这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others)+ K* }- V$ m- \; U& |8 B/ X- _$ \
(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活)
1 b, F' K) C( H4 E5 J0 b' e(当名词用)0 {1 }% G2 _8 J  q$ [
例如:
6 K% R1 q9 M; N* b3 e0 _& oI am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise.6 J) I1 j7 ]* g7 K; |5 a' k
(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。)$ N$ |  _0 X, [2 y) R! R
There must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas.
$ {0 ~7 T8 I# K; |(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。)
$ \" w' ]& B3 O/ r( ?0 ]- P: E& M也可用复数:
% [# T( ^4 a% B7 G2 ~, K4 |My friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.6 @& t4 l8 t7 F) `: ~' c+ @  }
(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。)
- U5 {% b$ i, z. I% O0 XIf there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another.0 g) J1 a: ~$ K5 H
(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)
& m, I5 C- Z/ k(10)dragon lady:
$ f8 M4 r  ?3 P- a$ C  J! R9 L指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用)
3 o2 R, D& G) o$ z' l例如:- I) t. m& z: u- z; {
The chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.
+ ~$ f/ }! {8 W8 P( U(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。)
7 u; d6 J/ P4 J' qI am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady.( ?+ m5 h- }9 V
(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。)' f4 Q  n/ [$ W# S
Should your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?
9 U$ W  m/ ^4 x! @) |5 @(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?)
& {4 b7 w. R9 v: B也可用复数:
3 }+ ]! K' v2 q9 z) p% I' LThere may be many dragon ladies in our community.
# k) S% ^4 k0 q! `(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。)
! U5 l4 C( I, T6 q注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表
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发表于 2006-11-26 22:31 | 显示全部楼层
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