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谈英语俚语: v$ [5 T2 @0 k$ Q/ Z
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5 k6 Z! W B: G4 M! g3 Z9 B在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯/ ?7 ?- R: D4 R- r- c
之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。
( Z# d% z l4 ?* s若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!
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" r2 w) g4 k4 t% s(1) empty suit:$ H! J2 Q; B% l6 @
指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。
2 h6 I: b4 J0 W% Y$ I; [: e(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。)& Q, T) K0 Z% N: B9 x3 g
例如:$ P q) d- o3 L0 [( O( v
An empty suit generally gets no attention from the public.$ _* q, x" Y. L" H
(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。)+ q H; Z/ ~$ L2 m; Z% Q
Mr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit.) I3 q y% H9 F. v) C8 J# T2 q' C
(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。), x- G+ Z: ~- O0 ^5 s1 H7 @6 E% u. @! }
虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:
' T9 H5 p- r0 hThe company is filled with a lot of empty suits.
# H K- m9 D) t- F" F! F(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人)/ e% y( @6 d4 v2 _. h" K- T( m
(2) fair-haired boy:
$ `, z$ ?5 X$ F$ Q! Z5 X- R指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man)
+ E% d6 f+ C# Q& a4 X1 w; M(通常用单数,当名词用), E2 j6 N& ~* N @* y) p$ F
例如:
) c! _0 R5 U0 s# q, IMr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent.! S }* O ]6 f0 o. v% V
( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。)) ~! c0 f3 l/ Q; J% S- B
Not being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.
1 y+ B1 D+ i, Q0 q4 r3 G(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。)
* g$ o& Y; K5 B0 ?/ N- |5 `有时也可用复数:
' g4 h( j- ?& }! W9 C8 MMr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet.* p' K+ @- \) g, Q Z$ E2 }
(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。)1 G. A; u9 m. @5 _2 ^- X6 D
Fair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses.
0 W) e' h# H" Q4 t(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)
1 ~. v( [* c5 h/ O% p: s/ |; y(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法)
& S" U. N. B/ N" q0 c(3) fishing expedition:8 G! i% B7 x3 ]0 c
为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information)3 R% \: f% h1 {
(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数)4 L: g; {; [( K% a6 T
例如:. q& c5 ?1 a9 O9 _& R& i
The judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.$ ~; v$ g' G1 r1 I9 l
(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。)) M( Z# x) W* D% P6 p s
The police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case.6 ^" |- x& \/ \5 ?1 I
(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。)
1 m5 D- ]3 m' G% Y# s( a(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict)
2 ^* L1 ^( J, `6 `The reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War.( A! d* R# i) F Y+ Z! F T
(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。)
- j" ^( }- ^! T# P& Q% X偶尔也有人用复数:" E/ ^; H$ W6 g1 ?1 h# W; e
Several fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office.2 \& j. U! b7 L% t5 ^- s$ |: O
(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。)
" c- |8 {( L' N" D9 U) L, F0 _(4) filthy rich:/ F% h$ A! P$ @, K) N) |) F
意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy)
' v2 A# m) y8 ?) g4 N( L$ l(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)5 B! _' W6 U8 r u: T: E- U
多半当形容词用。例如:4 y4 ~$ }* _9 \! Z6 J
With a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich., S8 a b1 `0 K9 n- V7 r; ]
( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。)0 m* n, L4 ~8 O* c3 M. Q
Despite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.
/ s4 a/ K4 w6 E- n- e; u(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。)+ Y% G% ?, K+ E
A filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.
' a1 C* {+ j/ z6 \(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)
' N/ k! b1 Z+ `$ P" _/ f+ l% @" DFilthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.; o7 t/ a9 W1 w
(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。)/ |' D( B8 X9 Q5 C" K8 V
(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)
4 |% r$ T" n7 @(5) fairy godmother:
* d* M! C2 Z4 W( a* j+ B指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance)
5 l2 h- z u: p2 g6 n1 K(多半指有钱的女人)4 v8 D: X& t9 K
(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:8 Z8 M4 M: q2 {: m
Mr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars.7 K7 s3 ]$ s+ f( B
(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。)
8 n0 g- p& m+ OAfter lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother.
: H" m# ]% ]& I" L. T9 c7 ?(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。)0 \7 C \ k. c( C# H* R
有时也用复数:8 v, ?2 a% G. M
Only business women can act as fairy godmothers.
# P) k' x1 k# D2 S, d(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。)1 G! c) ^9 L7 B6 G5 d, s
In Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.3 _* ?% ^& q1 s/ _' `3 }
(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)
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& J8 [ y: F1 V7 {6)eye opener:; N" f+ c. K6 c+ P5 {6 E% ^
指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion)
$ r0 Y# U W$ v2 w% v! o& _(当名词用;通常只用单数)
: `# T0 v- k5 C例如:, }+ a& R4 c9 E# t
Your wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters.
3 k, d: e5 k2 r7 I' }) g' p(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。)
6 K4 h6 K8 L! c } w/ TMr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener.
" I$ ]8 h( q; h* B+ k8 B5 O(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。)) n* k/ K; j0 ]. l' G. `+ d, K$ S
The popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants.
j; G' w! C; }(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。)* y. R3 n) x/ f; b) \4 `
Some American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people.2 G7 ^, W- d& b) S
(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。)
: b; b. o* h( S9 e; n0 f(7) hot dog:2 K8 ~5 [3 Y9 ]0 K
指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用)
8 }& Y& o; N4 C9 b: D例如:
# s: u2 W2 V7 d, @5 I3 ~/ gSome young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.9 b; [0 m. O/ ~2 e# B9 t5 h
(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。)
8 \* Q# E7 P* A6 t+ G* ]4 v(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers)5 f+ b. _. Z6 b; M( F* d2 U
In front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog.! q6 R7 ?- W0 P) X, T& I! I( a
(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。)) j. F# a: ^& q, B8 j% H' ~
(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging)
. t" ?0 C& A0 O; jDuring the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.
: r) S4 D& z9 N' G8 {# V(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。)
- O+ G3 Y. ~7 W$ a! ^: ~; U7 T也指真正的热狗食物:
. E. d0 q2 B7 M& o1 l% o& c2 bThe hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.3 x8 d7 ~1 @" K2 a! `! B
(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。)
/ B/ u9 @' H' x0 I也可表达欣赏的心情:3 b* U) _8 {0 ?/ V$ `
Hot dog ! What great news for me.
9 n8 \) y! j0 F(真棒!对我来说是好消息。)8 |0 y3 Y1 a1 J6 R. G3 U2 C/ j9 T
(8)eager beaver:
1 q3 w) Y* f/ O% x d5 d指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others)
3 I7 w; c) m3 m& `$ O(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。)
4 y. j. U3 d3 h0 @7 k2 x/ x8 A6 D(当名词用,可指男女)5 W9 W# B+ P7 C
例如:
/ `/ e6 v# l4 j) VJohn seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late.
, |* V8 q9 X6 }: w) e: B(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。)
5 r2 |6 T: h7 w; h; H5 r( }Being an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.0 D Q: u; x* ]- i$ H! R) K
(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。) B0 I1 {& k; D7 B3 C0 g, c
Does Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?
; ]3 S0 m' `: n% N$ Y) n8 f(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?)
$ t* g) K: C. i# u" u2 ZYou may find some eager beavers in any organizations.# {* K& u9 Q# r* [) @, U" S6 F/ B
(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。)
" r( U4 W, p0 i7 {+ w& ](9)doubting Thomas:
$ S# C4 d# Z5 o1 B' V5 M* H这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others)' f! X; I( a! C' p7 X- K
(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活)
* x# T5 ~2 m% k" Y, q: u(当名词用)
+ L, B+ d/ U4 O* J" P例如:
* N8 o. f0 ]# P) u' m3 U# e: Z( Z8 FI am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise.+ T0 j9 t% _, q0 x
(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。)
& g! H+ e) I P6 I& h- J: LThere must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas. R; V7 R% w$ V! }
(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。)
" ~- W0 O, a$ M也可用复数:
W/ p7 M# y$ zMy friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.
1 ]; P6 N) t0 H! o4 S(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。)) E0 {$ g+ C+ S0 i
If there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another.
; R% D4 g# F) A* m6 c0 }(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)
: T8 b A5 T- {* ^: A(10)dragon lady:
# I' K* H! ]: p- A2 ^( t( X$ l指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用)
/ t C" D' I6 O8 |" n5 ~5 y; |" c例如:
& p& O. O/ M- P) ]The chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.
) S: j. C3 _! g(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。)( y& Z; ? C, l3 v
I am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady.
, ]9 ^( |' j, i6 t* C* L(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。)
! ?0 o* E9 ~ w0 ] \, ]Should your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?/ C4 Y; @+ R. a9 W* e- f6 o
(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?)( c- T. t7 `7 x( q4 i
也可用复数:9 p8 f7 P9 ~+ ^) t2 F, [7 y
There may be many dragon ladies in our community.
; {4 c* V' V$ z(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。)
' u/ d. W8 H+ ~5 s注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表 |
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