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谈英语俚语
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# ]$ E# u9 ~, s( D1 n9 J9 o Z1 R在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯
z7 d# s1 _3 ~/ P之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。 q, Y" Y2 z2 p- }/ ]
若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!
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(1) empty suit:
: M. Z* x( g4 f+ M$ _指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。2 \( N& f) o2 Q7 o& G& Y3 }
(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。)& d: S/ m3 y- n3 c
例如:
: g g; {: u+ J0 YAn empty suit generally gets no attention from the public.0 e5 g& D1 t( ]/ W
(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。)4 ?; g4 t# W& n5 T( U+ g' @. n w
Mr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit.
4 w6 \" L( i- i. x+ h(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。)/ Y0 {2 h8 k. B6 C
虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:
: k1 Q7 t# n- F6 G& p8 uThe company is filled with a lot of empty suits.6 l: Z. Q- @# ?; S# s0 b
(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人)0 V1 E0 ?! c; I: {% q2 u$ Q k
(2) fair-haired boy:0 `: D9 t2 v8 x" w
指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man)# ^8 T0 g& f0 T% E3 O
(通常用单数,当名词用)4 S* O; }$ {9 K A* d+ I' H( L
例如:
5 B9 W! c5 e9 n W- ~ KMr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent.
- f/ G$ M3 i3 M. s$ v* Q( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。)
$ J2 R* D1 c6 w! h" U$ ONot being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.0 @1 e7 K1 p& F0 c7 o5 l
(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。)0 B( `$ G2 t/ p% }" \4 L; e1 ]
有时也可用复数:- z3 o; J& b1 m
Mr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet.
! Y5 K5 G4 A1 l1 [7 ~(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。)9 q+ r, X6 G( O: m1 W
Fair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses.6 B- }8 E4 d0 Z4 |8 E
(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)' ?3 ]- R' P4 _. k( w, y! h
(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法)7 \8 ?3 d4 Y5 J; q# X9 g: S- F8 R
(3) fishing expedition:
. }2 q" [" d0 g/ f为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information)0 R, b- W; e0 n% s2 u# d* i+ v- R
(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数)4 v4 w% u! y! I6 A
例如:
( t% T. E3 h& H) Z4 @! r5 p. `6 g# jThe judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.
# S4 |7 S) N8 Y" ^(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。)
8 H$ P7 r8 i! F, d- A3 ]1 R @+ A' ~The police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case.7 h: y3 m3 x7 S* n% `9 I& |1 i. M
(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。)
* F- K- V2 T. N. f: S(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict)
+ j# F1 v# p( t( b+ q: rThe reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War.
7 ~& \% B4 @+ _* e9 P7 j/ i(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。)+ _6 N6 W6 \3 m( [6 q
偶尔也有人用复数:
; p2 r4 [' p b& }3 S; a6 [Several fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office.- O2 I* t3 f! L8 c$ O* ^, w
(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。)5 r4 \9 O9 v3 M0 F8 }5 a
(4) filthy rich:, _4 N& w% N1 k5 V/ V2 R! [6 T) k
意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy)
$ w7 d; ?" z& w- _3 y& o(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱). P o" X% I$ G! K% r- B
多半当形容词用。例如:9 k# q$ c# C% \; }, a6 V4 Y
With a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich.3 P6 y* ?7 g/ c0 t
( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。)4 S% |' y! H6 v" d& Q( {' }
Despite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.) m4 b" F1 n; ?% r
(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。). }; H V, k; @
A filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.8 C! `6 F& m+ G5 ]; m0 u( W# b7 p
(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)
& k; V" T' T, R3 j) J& S8 CFilthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.
( M$ E1 s$ H- F a- c; ](有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。); h4 k' @7 U8 [9 S( L7 k3 ]- Q7 W, ]
(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)$ X4 F n4 `4 U; C9 _% e2 E) L
(5) fairy godmother:% F1 g# `! A9 M. d+ j ?& d
指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance)
e: w7 z( D4 B7 H! {% c7 F& e(多半指有钱的女人)
: q$ D7 z0 g" T2 x0 {0 g(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:* h' D5 s& q7 E- [
Mr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars.
5 \6 S5 W( d/ C7 F; g, Z$ ?+ _(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。)
6 N* h4 J( Y1 \0 X+ ~# F7 `0 \6 t! GAfter lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother.- u T$ M/ V/ T/ g
(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。)5 N! S4 D9 X& l. K
有时也用复数:: k- z$ N4 f1 f, W9 ^
Only business women can act as fairy godmothers.5 r4 K6 D1 e: R7 J: C4 ^0 u& u
(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。)
- r: |$ ? @9 g7 CIn Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.# |5 ?( t( v2 y+ f
(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)4 e! p" r1 ?: }4 l, a5 i
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0 y4 e/ h% ^' q l; v6)eye opener:
9 W( x% v2 ^: u6 M1 i! t指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion)
7 D3 {2 Z+ |+ T/ B* M(当名词用;通常只用单数)
+ _) ~" j, ^! c# X% ?1 N4 Z例如:
, ^ q0 G) L7 v* ^) Q# Q# \Your wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters.
& O5 e3 J( K1 D0 J8 A(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。)
4 |2 Y, ]$ o* K6 LMr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener.6 [/ `4 T8 A/ z0 R
(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。); y, ]. |/ w+ v% I
The popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants.
5 y* F! U; z4 N7 h& S: a/ p( ?(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。)
+ I8 b9 i9 S7 X# E- O1 h/ p, U4 pSome American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people.
+ \) w; X7 G; X1 U1 T- W(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。)
+ ~! S( r' Y& o4 ?$ [(7) hot dog:6 H4 [( ~+ \! i! D7 y; F9 A
指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用)
( u' c9 j6 A4 F1 w$ J8 u+ `: G例如:: A0 c) ]# ^, M0 ?" p
Some young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.2 J# @ V/ d0 I( ~3 Q
(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。)
8 [+ E* L2 D! u5 ]' Q(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers)+ @3 ]2 c' S$ K! D1 G4 n
In front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog.
I! K3 k- U- Y n(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。)+ [2 h! ?) u3 W$ t' J+ x1 H1 h. C
(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging)8 Y9 [' g4 U+ h- _
During the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.
P* u* {* D4 p( ~: B(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。)
' F5 u4 u7 f+ L7 B' Y3 T5 V& `2 K8 @也指真正的热狗食物:
& ^3 [/ x) R+ L* D2 CThe hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.
3 ~, C6 u% X6 t) b. o5 C(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。)
" E0 E1 n; d* D1 q: Z& C也可表达欣赏的心情:
* U7 }: V. O, `2 H7 I% ?Hot dog ! What great news for me.
' E) p# @, a( r+ x% F# o(真棒!对我来说是好消息。)
/ _) O/ v/ y1 y$ `. K- _' O(8)eager beaver:
$ K4 }. @# E, w# c9 r; I7 P3 K指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others)+ `: v6 Z& k: @" S
(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。)" x6 ?: d e+ T5 p
(当名词用,可指男女)
# z) t; \, L: n* d例如:! c- n9 `* b/ z3 b$ s- L. H/ m
John seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late.3 h+ j8 \: H% T3 [8 [
(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。)9 b4 d* ^% q+ O; P6 b: }. M
Being an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.
* |5 t3 `. c. H/ Y+ j8 h1 M x0 g(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)9 v( h! L/ H" x$ y
Does Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?1 P1 n" k c' ]- B) a
(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?)
/ K9 _; Y( k! R" L7 |6 B* IYou may find some eager beavers in any organizations.8 E+ q; Q, {4 E9 u
(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。)
# Y5 v+ K- E+ z- y(9)doubting Thomas:, }" z( p% d. {% I# m* G" b. J+ z4 `
这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others)
1 K. X b1 }: z2 {/ V(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活)
6 r, p% D4 c! ~(当名词用)) v/ ?3 l8 e+ t; z1 M
例如:
2 H$ R* p) n; o. A' qI am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise.0 A/ E) m2 R5 F& w4 B
(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。)7 Q1 \7 a: S1 j. l _. x. i/ y; p
There must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas." i4 W" d/ y! @9 A. S, x4 J( Z2 O+ J
(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。)" i; \7 F u, {) C9 S
也可用复数:9 o. f, C1 W, h: o
My friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.$ X V: K3 e9 S; t# I
(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。)
0 v/ P2 t4 ~( C1 z8 A' I$ AIf there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another.
( i. B2 L' p% s) \4 ?5 D2 d3 ~(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)
+ M) W; T8 m9 g; Y, Y h(10)dragon lady:
. \2 w J/ c9 W3 }' Y) y指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用) ?! e; H W8 f' N6 o: N. |' B- c
例如:
- E& g# [( w; x1 W0 n7 C) pThe chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.5 b. Y4 C$ @. @; `$ k$ ]; M( M
(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。)
3 ]2 A* t. s; l+ E. `I am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady.
: }( Q, o' G$ `. `: U9 n# ]4 k( x(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。)
; D: h, a x6 |+ q0 i7 K eShould your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?
; a( P4 M1 s% Z3 |4 Q- K(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?)* i: P/ u' @; U/ N9 j5 m2 x; I
也可用复数:+ d( x0 c# R+ F8 n( x f4 L
There may be many dragon ladies in our community.
w7 ?& b# O* g6 ~' K(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。)
1 a. s: b6 i$ \$ _; O7 a注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表 |
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