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谈英语俚语

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发表于 2006-11-26 05:56 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
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谈英语俚语& L+ k* w2 y! S1 N: `4 t
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在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯
3 n" H3 Y8 z5 h; H) z, [/ m- {& D之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。
0 z& Q0 U3 K( J$ w; @1 h若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!( e5 M- g- p" d7 e/ Q& Y
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(1) empty suit:
6 J! T+ N: F$ X- y指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。
0 N9 M6 W% {+ l' I' B1 |: j(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。)
" M+ z  ]9 d6 @" ^) {- g例如:. Y- a! D$ ~5 K- P  c6 r
An empty suit generally gets no attention from the public.
; B0 H7 h$ M% J) q9 L(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。)5 c1 q* u, k& V3 ~
Mr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit.
3 ]6 Z* g6 n" m(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。)6 N% r( ~/ x' V! O0 h! F
虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:
5 G% r9 i: E" I$ e- _1 ~The company is filled with a lot of empty suits.
0 k& L* r9 c7 E' c8 ?2 ]% F(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人)# ]6 d( `+ |; M2 [9 `8 c  [$ T
(2) fair-haired boy:
5 y" T2 g) E! a; w+ D2 ~3 f/ `指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man)
* _9 }3 |- h$ \) l(通常用单数,当名词用)
% r! L, E! r) s' x! v" s7 V例如:. n) z7 g% O' p' a6 D
Mr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent.
" m- G1 W: }, b5 O4 w( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。)
( b' G( ~+ i$ z, e0 t% g: Q8 }Not being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.
9 ^2 X- H( D; R/ F- U. V/ p(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。)  W! g. K+ L5 `8 x; m1 s) t+ _
有时也可用复数:% [; |8 R. F7 i3 w/ T& [
Mr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet., Q) H) k6 G. f1 n
(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。)" j1 i: i  ~) U* ?; M+ i
Fair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses.% @/ @" I( u3 b# J3 X: \
(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)8 m% N* S, E2 ?$ Z' {. [/ a
(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法)
) d+ c* ?2 T7 G2 @(3) fishing expedition:& }7 X$ h2 Z( a+ z" v
为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information)6 C1 W* |8 l* w! g# v3 K
(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数)1 A9 D9 \/ u# I
例如:
) L, J2 }1 g/ k/ M) @5 c( aThe judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.& r1 G6 a" R  q6 Z# `4 L8 C
(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。)
* _' J2 C  S, o7 N' ^The police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case.
% Q/ a8 [9 r. \" f3 W(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。)
( \$ `( t! A- d(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict)$ A. {3 v8 G8 B
The reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War.6 S& C% c  q' A8 y" G: ~3 [: @
(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。)
$ ]; l3 Z( ~  c$ T5 T* h/ F偶尔也有人用复数:
# M; \7 }, r+ I/ d4 {Several fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office.
2 S% `  h; p( C; f% c4 P! `+ a(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。)- e( ]7 \! ]6 f* w
(4) filthy rich:
0 T! z; E2 X% p- M- b8 V意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy)
5 D; e6 K, g5 p9 g3 s(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)
) H: }5 B9 \; h- H- {多半当形容词用。例如:0 P$ p+ ?1 b+ i8 |2 _4 z
With a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich.. f+ U3 `# d. J" E' J. _. U" Q
( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。)
* K) |# q* d/ S9 ^# s2 TDespite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.
5 Z  V: b4 V  v(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。)
% m$ [2 R, [% R/ ^* ^; f( qA filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.
  u/ [" B* G; c3 J2 v0 a(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)* J7 r7 y7 w  j: N6 `& \
Filthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.
& c/ C# f, ?1 t! g2 X* z( `(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。)
1 d/ l5 e5 g7 o/ S$ D& K(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)
$ F' A8 q8 r5 H3 p5 G" Z(5) fairy godmother:0 J8 ~6 ~: G. z9 Q8 k
指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance)( W; w" T9 K1 j8 R/ }( {
(多半指有钱的女人)
# h6 ]" u1 |  M( [( H- u% o(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:) C/ n$ t3 d) P2 ~7 ?
Mr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars.! s& t8 J' b, N  e, Z# @- a% E
(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。)
( H' ~+ B& X7 ~8 IAfter lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother.+ X; E% M8 H% @+ P/ Q
(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。)8 ?' m4 O) N0 M- u6 I/ F
有时也用复数:) T  w- B( N, |
Only business women can act as fairy godmothers.
6 P- a/ j+ W) S( t# d, ^  }9 N(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。)
0 O/ d( s' o8 R3 T( A& DIn Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.% i& U5 E3 l' f4 I0 Z
(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)
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6)eye opener:3 d( ]8 f5 p  |
指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion)
- [/ O5 \" x0 [(当名词用;通常只用单数); o: {# ]2 X2 m8 P6 u8 s6 f
例如:
1 Q' h6 V, i/ _; u; HYour wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters.4 Q+ ^, x. L$ S  X1 e
(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。)
# w' A& x8 o: b: V* Z( ^4 l% aMr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener.
/ ^- T; X9 b9 J, G(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。)
7 b0 ]7 {( g  i$ f! \The popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants.3 _1 ^. d9 n& I# l+ p% r# g& H% C
(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。)! R8 S: Y. U* X9 Y( i
Some American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people.
9 b1 N) V" \0 |* t  d& y. b; ~(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。)1 `; Q. s9 c, R$ [  }
(7) hot dog:7 _! u& _$ u8 @# I. Z; J
指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用)
" [' {# \7 k" L例如:6 z3 f/ ?7 U2 A& h2 I) ]
Some young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.
3 j$ J  R2 h1 i3 f, a5 k(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。)
. ?: F7 P$ W0 [+ G& V! v(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers)
# H1 m  j5 W% ?' }2 m: H6 \) E2 mIn front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog.
; k1 p7 u1 o% L0 U/ C2 _(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。)
3 T# a: X3 |  y$ v(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging)& p0 @7 v; k8 n9 E; K6 Q+ F' M* x
During the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.
" {+ y" a, U, @, _  Z1 O4 t  \" B: j(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。)6 ~6 Y, J2 C' f0 H1 D
也指真正的热狗食物:
4 H( O% {, r. xThe hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.' A$ Y5 |- E' s& q0 S( |
(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。)8 ?2 b$ k0 \* ]; f2 M& S$ p2 b
也可表达欣赏的心情:* J1 n  n; Y+ F
Hot dog ! What great news for me.
0 g7 F& v) ?" Y" i' I% x5 [4 i(真棒!对我来说是好消息。)5 S( ~  p- |/ A9 C; N8 {& Z) x
(8)eager beaver:
  I3 F. I. k: u指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others)% g$ X8 n, H& Z, `* o/ R7 K. W
(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。)
5 k' P% s' o' S, @; j(当名词用,可指男女)
& X9 V' ~# J2 @1 P例如:: `) m8 F8 A- ~! a- H
John seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late.% O0 H  N; D+ g4 L/ P7 d
(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。)
! V6 z4 i# Q. ], Y( c. ^' e9 m% eBeing an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.
/ }0 c6 u9 Q9 p4 }(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)5 X4 H5 {4 g# [
Does Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?4 E# Y+ P, G+ L' c
(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?)* k5 b" T4 D3 A0 t# i
You may find some eager beavers in any organizations.
( E! u" g  a3 a# |5 o(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。)
% T: G! |- L/ D* G(9)doubting Thomas:  l2 s% V6 X$ i( X% q- R
这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others)$ k8 ~) u6 G% D
(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活)
6 {. {" ^7 T* `(当名词用)8 `9 S2 Y9 x, t# L  i2 M' s
例如:9 f$ t' O& C5 P7 I9 u
I am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise.
- b' e; Q  o$ J2 K* Z2 ]& X  Z(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。)
$ C  c: }3 B/ R9 ?+ J( _7 ^There must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas.
3 g0 F( D7 t3 a7 i3 Y(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。)
# @& X+ I; L" B* ?% m也可用复数:6 a: K. R* ?) J$ l7 X1 w, W% {( x" ~
My friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.
- |( _, }' b' C9 t# A(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。)
$ _! A0 |+ Y& Z9 U3 _5 Z, o9 ]! QIf there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another.
' @5 x8 q2 n& o- m% a8 ]( _/ w(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)2 {9 f" O* b) g5 l: M/ b
(10)dragon lady:
) p2 U* P0 O& @4 F% U8 h* l指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用)+ d1 @0 C9 {$ N9 Q7 C
例如:$ }) h/ E; J- N; m
The chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.
/ r$ S3 K. Y6 J(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。)& N% J  B+ d2 J! F
I am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady.* p. M, }+ W( K
(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。)+ H9 A! n' M2 b) r
Should your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?6 C  R) H9 Y% O
(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?)+ h% }3 q9 ?! f: y6 P5 U$ Q
也可用复数:
" _# h3 \* |: [6 ~There may be many dragon ladies in our community.
) f5 i6 c9 H( R- }0 T9 J' F" g(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。)6 V" L7 ~$ x# z8 {0 ^
注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表
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发表于 2006-11-26 22:31 | 显示全部楼层
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