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Accounting system 会计系统
* e; s! g" N! [1 OAmerican Accounting Association 美国会计协会
5 d( z7 b% U2 H5 [9 d. P+ n! aAmerican Institute of CPAs 美国注册会计师协会 2 Z/ F0 Z6 q# J4 i9 S4 F ?# @
Audit 审计
1 _/ x3 k+ I" cBalance sheet 资产负债表
1 K1 X4 b9 T6 o1 b2 K1 ?Bookkeepking 簿记 ! {) p% M* y/ a3 r
Cash flow prospects 现金流量预测
$ t9 |! p) k: gCertificate in Internal Auditing 内部审计证书
( k5 J8 Z; o5 y a) B+ U' O" u2 bCertificate in Management Accounting 管理会计证书
' a7 i9 C0 \! Q4 A, y" V RCertificate Public Accountant注册会计师 8 v8 [9 O" {/ `' k6 E
Cost accounting 成本会计 4 Q2 h7 D6 t, ^( J( B
External users 外部使用者 8 g/ _, v' B8 @0 @# h5 ^2 F
Financial accounting 财务会计 9 K. Z1 C0 O( E7 y
Financial Accounting Standards Board 财务会计准则委员会
- v/ {/ c8 b: v$ f' E& S% ^( Q7 f- BFinancial forecast 财务预测
: q5 L( D; K6 ]" G( q5 q, ^! p. DGenerally accepted accounting principles 公认会计原则
9 ?( i+ b: @- B: y3 `General-purpose information 通用目的信息 4 F9 G" t# L- Y* m! N
Government Accounting Office 政府会计办公室 ! `& ~! k: ]$ o& Y: x, k( J4 d0 c( O
Income statement 损益表
/ R9 A! @! K+ M, ZInstitute of Internal Auditors 内部审计师协会 * M' W- T! e- F. g {' o
Institute of Management Accountants 管理会计师协会 1 @4 c$ Q# C+ F+ `/ c
Integrity 整合性 + |; ~! i9 b& y! S- k
Internal auditing 内部审计 8 x. U) o; p- W6 E" r
Internal control structure 内部控制结构
1 F2 G& Z- p' x: S2 }Internal Revenue Service 国内收入署
, T7 s/ g: ~4 H; ?Internal users 内部使用者
8 _$ V" t0 l! }. wManagement accounting 管理会计
2 h3 F9 O* K" @; F9 Z% C) XReturn of investment 投资回报
$ y0 q2 |/ p! U/ Q5 |; [! P( ~$ lReturn on investment 投资报酬
3 S9 C0 b4 W! _) T7 p9 NSecurities and Exchange Commission 证券交易委员会 ' z8 p2 _/ i: \, U5 x- q
Statement of cash flow 现金流量表 # g0 [9 Y, {( n- U6 Y
Statement of financial position 财务状况表
; N, U6 b0 N: [5 ]& xTax accounting 税务会计 2 T! Y+ N+ y3 n! t4 S* I
Accounting equation 会计等式
* T$ K# h& r, I) }) @+ C8 p4 F. l* q# EArticulation 勾稽关系 ! w3 h0 ?+ k8 Z& N) d- C. Q, a4 S9 o
Assets 资产
$ I7 \4 h- _+ ^9 zBusiness entity 企业个体 ( y1 S2 i# [, m! U. j, v
Capital stock 股本
4 @; H9 \+ p! J. E5 z i) \Corporation 公司 6 n. v8 V0 D( n# m4 u9 b, g
Cost principle 成本原则
8 A& [0 m' j$ ~7 q. `Creditor 债权人 2 ~ \. b- c, M" `2 C0 g
Deflation 通货紧缩
H3 K t% y x2 v; @- wDisclosure 批露
. b$ q( W, m6 X# ?5 qExpenses 费用
/ w z$ u( c% v+ t/ l7 ?9 kFinancial statement 财务报表 ; T+ ^- d0 y( p) |1 _
Financial activities 筹资活动
/ c$ l, o! m5 e6 f: zGoing-concern assumption 持续经营假设 - E) \) A' ~! y% G3 g
Inflation 通货膨涨 ( m, }& W0 ^3 X
Investing activities 投资活动 % b1 {7 A4 d3 o
Liabilities 负债
2 s% K' M9 v. _Negative cash flow 负现金流量 1 E+ H% H7 R( B: |2 L
Operating activities 经营活动
! k+ ]+ |: Y0 I& ]$ ?, HOwner's equity 所有者权益
4 D h" J6 Q% b7 X3 Q3 N$ m0 }% }Partnership 合伙企业 5 v! C2 D$ Y- H0 m) F
Positive cash flow 正现金流量
) ?; \/ ]$ ~0 \! o$ l; }/ RRetained earning 留存利润
/ H% ]- [4 @: v/ q- A" f7 MRevenue 收入
$ H% u; T9 @! `! w: K' |- KSole proprietorship 独资企业
* B. G2 n/ U4 E. E7 QSolvency 清偿能力 1 y2 q& \: u& G5 t
Stable-dollar assumption 稳定货币假设
2 [# f8 L2 a {6 n/ s3 N9 JStockholders 股东
/ I! k- q8 P7 q# s- S. i, c% PStockholders' equity 股东权益
. O3 I" j* q6 ?( S3 e: aWindow dressing 门面粉饰 2 }1 @" p- g8 p0 [4 ~* ~
Account 帐户
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' V4 N8 F1 a6 K$ y9 p, o主营业务收入 Sales ) t) h/ f L, p3 a+ Y
折扣与折让 Sales discount and allowance ; d4 c v: H1 q8 ]! |. [4 x
; A3 x" g4 S2 I4 H5 z: B产品销售收入净额 NET SALES
) k7 X! j7 D6 C1 a7 E5 F ( W/ y# M1 D! y* m8 A+ Q+ B! F4 O
主营业务成本 Cost of sales * f4 S# J: w$ Q4 m \) Q# p% ?
主营业务税金及附加 Sales tax ' T2 p- V) [5 n! L% U
& S3 s; u j1 @2 o& x6 f' e" r7 t
主营业务利润 GROSS PROFIT
6 w% Z# g3 J% E, x ` ' p% I' ~$ w: a' T, i% W) j0 r- b* C% A. `
其他业务利润 Other operating profit
, [9 ]) u- N* u$ s. r3 j5 g 3 z( }' s' l* c7 B& j. a2 ?
营业费用 Operating expenses % s$ E! e- ?) U- N% A! S
管理费用 General and administrative expenses
2 d! q7 j& _& S+ W财务费用 Financial expenses 0 B# x% v: p7 Y- d) Y# i
存货跌价损失 Loss on obsolete stocks 1 n3 U. R+ K4 O
6 o; q h/ u9 y6 r$ h9 E" M营业利润 OPERATING INCOME % [7 S0 e' F( H" t7 q t& t
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投资收益 Investment income
2 H! A. z. c' g( h& ]- K补贴收入 Subsidy income
- h5 G5 v, \$ T8 t$ D营业外收入 Non-operating income : p1 S, \7 g3 @- D% q
营业外支出 Non-operating expenses
/ }/ z" V& ~1 a/ ]9 y9 s以前年度损益调整 Prior year's adjustment
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[7 Z5 j& O6 {" T) c: K利润总额 INCOME FOR THE YEAR / y" U) @# y. `, K% r7 _1 e
6 {* E: h8 [- X1 D所得税 Income tax
5 y! p5 x( \% p0 _; {4 {
1 O8 h( q5 E& [9 j) O本年净利润 NET INCOME FOR THE YEAR |
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