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本帖最后由 绿袖子 于 2014-4-2 23:42 编辑 " B( X5 M- s' E4 ^& e$ I# X
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0 w/ n" j) `7 w. QCan you determine the origin (country) of a product from the barcode ?( Z' e# O4 f4 f% [: R% u# y+ I
! v5 x0 @% C. d' |' H6 YBar codes are something most of us never think about. If you look in your fridge or pantry right now, you will find that just about every package you see has a bar code printed on it. In fact, nearly every item that you buy in a grocery shop, supermarket or superstore has a bar code on it somewhere.: _+ @0 S- J! ?9 ~
Bar codes were first used commercially in 1966, but it was soon realised that there would have to be a common standard. By 1970, the Universal Grocery Products Identification Code (UGPIC) was written by a company called Logicon Inc. The standard was further improved and led to the Universal Product Code (UPC) symbol set. To this very day, this standard is used in the United States and Canada . In June of 1974, the first UPC scanner was installed at a Marsh's supermarket in Troy, Ohio, and the first product to have a bar code was Wrigley's Gum.. A" r3 {( Z- ?. n
The Universal Product Code was the first bar code symbology widely adopted. Its birth is usually set at 3 April 1973, when the grocery industry formally established UPC as the standard bar code symbology for product marking. Foreign interest in UPC led to the adoption of the EAN (European Article Numbering) code format, similar to UPC, in December 1976.
k! E; o' D0 wCurrently, the United States and Canada use UPC bar codes as their standard for retail labelling, whereas the rest of the world uses EAN. Since January 1, 2005 all retail scanning systems in the USA must be able to accept the EAN-13 symbol as well as the standard UPC-A. This change will eliminate the need for manufacturers who export goods to the US and enjoyedmontoncts.# R1 W6 R4 v7 ?% s
The first 2 (sometimes 3) digits, which are called the “flag”, indicate in what country the bar code was issued. This “flag” does not tell you, however, in what country the product was produced.9 m# m& k4 i4 v- {, M( q
The country codes used are :
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CODE \COUNTRY
* I% _% C' ], G00-13 USA & Canada
: j5 D0 d3 Q, Z; t20-29 reserved for local use (shops/supermarkets)
& e1 c& Q u- e% t- @30-37 France
6 Z- T L+ z5 [' y380 Bulgaria- \/ l# S3 d" c
383 Slovenia# c* S) O) i# v8 y" s @6 s- N
385 Croatia
! n, A$ p! v$ S& U( n4 J387 Bosnia-Herzegovina
9 G3 v: @# V4 f& y400-440 Germany8 M2 j, |% U0 G: U. o9 o
45 Japan
/ e9 G" }5 g& W+ V46 Russian Federation
- N6 l9 W+ s3 b) s471 Taiwan
( Y3 Y/ j* n7 h474 Estonia* L0 @! a3 ]# g+ P" i$ o# R
475 Latvia! T2 s" \1 o1 y" n! V6 a; h
476 Azerbaijan
" i. ~( o0 M" Y& M! E1 u0 C$ J; j477 Lithuania
& A7 ^ s, S$ U7 ?: v$ m478 Uzbekistan
, P/ n6 T: F- \3 Z479 Sri Lanka
. K7 _+ N# k7 G/ x480 Philippines
8 x3 q' L" o# O" d1 q481 Belarus7 {) r. i+ ]8 b$ A+ Y
482 Ukraine
+ c2 k, ?* R, w- |# ?5 }484 Moldova6 v/ `9 U+ a% _+ b0 n8 ^ t0 G
485 Armenia+ ?7 I q% T3 }, M1 d
486 Georgia! n4 s" U6 n( b J
487 Kazakhstan5 k! c& B6 X$ }" r6 Y# l
489 Hong Kong
* S/ q, s; _$ A/ ?+ a. Y49 Japan
7 M& p2 v# `8 F/ D8 ^50 UK! ]) L8 p+ c, ~
520 Greece8 o! x6 A K6 V9 Y, s6 g
528 Lebanon& `0 H" i* F1 c% n- V
529 Cyprus
/ d+ c! J3 |1 u8 l+ O4 S4 {1 f531 Macedonia
! z9 t, d% D$ o) S: \4 k$ p535 Malta3 W% w) b1 x( L8 H( }
539 Ireland. v# _' G. D+ f5 q
54 Belgium & Luxembourg6 [4 i# a& v0 r
560 Portugal
! s& U9 D$ G8 b' K( |% E0 |1 T569 Iceland/ K% n1 C3 w2 }: @4 ~5 @! i3 A
57 Denmark
9 g6 z) z7 Z% X% p- ^590 Poland
& L B: l2 V2 S2 @594 Romania
; W/ a- j y- C: f( i. }599 Hungary; r9 r9 f+ E, s% b0 M
600-601 South Africa$ e+ R& {4 E. N+ p0 Y
609 Mauritius |& q* N: \9 _" P1 X) p5 l- ^
611 Morocco
% s8 ?& w2 R. x/ e0 T: T613 Algeria
& s; ?) t+ [& d7 z7 e619 Tunisia; ^# d2 T9 \4 w' p' d
621 Syria. S5 u1 U2 l) |' j
622 Egypt9 t; D) s0 t* d; K O N7 F
624 Libya
8 x+ K; N7 w& v8 r7 L- o; n625 Jordan
0 H% C% m7 n8 E6 O626 Iran! F" \; w% Y' p! U# U. o% |
627 Kuwait
% O$ f$ E4 l( v4 w628 Saudi Arabia" v# v/ p a& u/ u6 g6 m1 _
629 United Arab Emirates
) }) [+ T, z$ Y9 ]8 j64 Finland) n4 I; ^! P: ^
690-692 China* \- L; m% B! ]
70 Norway
" [/ ]/ e. z8 R! i729 Israel1 j! t$ H1 u; g. K" ~. q
73 Sweden) [. [& N z7 W7 `7 H ?' k
740 Guatemala
7 W1 S1 N' q) ?- G, v, J1 _3 `741 El Salvador, O7 `7 n) W* S- O% l8 }
742 Honduras
9 U- y; d% n8 U743 Nicaragua5 h ?. J; g+ O: ^5 _; c$ `
744 Costa Rica
3 f: M! t2 b& s( G4 `% w745 Panama
% p: ~8 \# h& C( r3 l746 Dominican Republic/ s% L; j& M2 `5 u: o1 v% b
750 Mexico! N# ~" v4 u; I$ v
759 Venezuela
* c* M( m- a& F% k% ~/ _76 Switzerland* M7 V1 h, i1 Z5 q6 J3 F/ l
770 Colombia* H3 n6 j D' z( s. @& @
773 Uruguay
( ~7 z! S0 }1 q- l8 L+ y( F* Q775 Peru/ {" {0 L. j( m, _7 F' i
777 Bolivia
# n ] c" P; N0 V6 I779 Argentina4 E1 O* t$ i8 D
780 Chile
5 F; z% [, Y5 ]! w2 C784 Paraguay3 N7 \7 f/ P" V9 I% O6 F; N% ^
785 Peru. T! l0 U7 U2 f( m7 [
786 Ecuador
: c0 z+ G# ]9 L% _8 N3 `. E" y f789 Brazil3 l8 ^' V T. n7 g w) t1 M
80-83 Italy
9 o) U/ E' ?" T# Y4 z" p84 Spain$ c4 ^- v4 H7 _1 t; x8 W }/ E
850 Cuba+ q2 c. g% o* y$ K$ V% ?, T, N
858 Slovakia
; d& f/ _' n! E4 }) t1 e859 Czech Republic$ W. U) \( j: z
860 Serbia & Montenegro
' a; \# x: o( D- H869 Turkey
( n y0 |& R8 t- F1 R! V& u$ `87 Netherlands* f8 ~/ ^+ `* E
880 South Korea
1 l* K! `+ o) q1 ~6 x5 j8 t885 Thailand8 A; W! W, P: f6 B3 K5 Y; k
888 Singapore- P& \3 z* D# {6 @5 e5 w/ j
890 India# ^. z4 R1 D: b7 L O1 q% s7 E4 }
893 Vietnam
* W, F7 d0 c! `7 U& H: Q5 ?899 Indonesia S8 C) N) a: M# T6 A
90 -91 Austria
# p# i' n1 c& T93 Australia9 Q% I& G, Y( F
94 New Zealand
! ]/ s! [( b! B7 y% M955 Malaysia6 d0 q6 B, S5 ~
958 Macau
# f7 C) _7 ~! b: L977 ISSN (International Standard Serial Number for periodicals)
* Q5 E' `4 Z- X- Q2 z! g978 ISBN (International Standard Book Number)' ?" V0 \( T7 h7 a) j/ e: l
979 ISMN (International Standard Music Number)
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0 Z/ L2 Q. r" @* W" WMore information and source : http://users.pandora.be/worldstandards/barcodes.htm
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