 鲜花( 1)  鸡蛋( 0)
|
一名中国留学生初到美国,在机场找厕所,问老外:「Where is W.C.?」老外听不懂。一名中国太太到医院生产,洋护士问她:「Did you have a bowel movement?」她却听不懂。还有人学了几十年的英语,还不晓得英语里的「大便」、「小便」、「放屁」真正应该怎么说……以下为一些「禁忌」(taboo)的美语之整理。毕竟这些都是咱们日常生活的一部分,说不定有一天这些「禁忌」之语还能「派上用场」呢! k1 S; q# _8 q
. q4 O' t( d$ B, g
一、厕所 ) H a( e6 ^2 h# L3 N
在美国一般都叫rest room或bath room(男女厕均可)或分别叫做 men‘s room 或 ladies‘ room(=powder room),不过在飞机上,则叫 lavatory,在军中又叫 latrine。至于 W.C.(water closet)仍是过去英国人用的,在美国,几乎没有人使用。
" d% q( m& x& d/ V( k/ Y' \1 l/ r+ W4 I5 U# x( u) t
二、解小便 0 | `8 C8 R, W/ k$ _
最普通的说法是 to urinate(名词是 urination),如果去看病,护士为了化验小便,就会给你一个杯子说: 1 n& d0 G. y7 F4 N, Z& e
Will (could) you urinate in this cup?
( g, W O, f$ W1 m0 n$ W9 L2 e
/ z1 y6 L( e9 }0 M$ u! k8 f. f 医生或许也会问: " K4 k) G" j4 i6 ^5 L
Do you have trouble urinating?
- t* @( |0 @% x3 D =Do you have difficulty voiding?(小便有困难吗?)
+ g# ]4 s! ^5 h" H6 F& K" _ K& g/ b
此外,还有其他的说法: ' u$ E" l M+ J* {) h$ X# Y# [
to piss = to take a piss = to take a leak = to void = to empty。 例如: & j( j: P F8 A" A0 I9 o! N; G
* I need to piss = I have to take a leak. 8 |& {+ T. u6 s9 }1 o5 R
* How often do you get up at night to void?(晚上起床小便几次?) / T, k9 @9 g/ I% S% O0 e! f3 G
6 ~$ J8 P* d4 @4 f2 A6 N9 {# Z
此外,john(j 小写时,不是男人名字)是 bath room 或 toilet 的意思(也叫 outhouse),这通常是指在户外工作场地所使用的临时或流动性厕所(有时前面也加 portable 一字)。不过也有老外把家里的厕所叫做 john。 例如: + H; J! O5 _3 d- T
* There are several (portable) johns in the construction site.
* I# w/ c, g+ x2 e/ ]4 y 在建筑场地有几个临时厕所。 $ V) I$ p2 h A" B a& `
1 T2 O0 `. R4 S" E, y * He went to the john a few minutes ago.
# B* L3 n5 @8 p& O7 l% H 他在几分钟前上了厕所。
) W- S$ x, \ S x1 q
" K5 O& N1 S$ M, U7 a _+ i0 Y * The manual labours have to use (portable) johns during their working hours. % ?/ \ R% J6 ~0 @) v# j
劳动者在工作时间内需要使用流动性厕所。
& T6 z+ w: B1 @5 G* t( p- D/ u1 Q; K: S! C4 C
不过,小孩多半用 to pee 。例如: 9 l+ o+ x- M1 {9 b- S& r6 v) H
* The boy needs to pee. h( ^4 g R" t, J! g' l
! O: q. k1 p' B: R$ B3 ? 然而,「小便检查」又叫做 urine test,因为这里的 urine 是化验的样品(specimen)。例如: ( Y& e' z4 W8 d# b
* Do I need a urine test?
$ B1 ?$ Q0 ]( |2 w8 t/ K8 H8 R- k/ l1 D& c# p3 v, @
注意:to piss off 是片语,又是指对人生气或对事物的不满。不过这是不礼貌的片语,少用为妙。 例如: ! k- j; N5 M& c5 f( {
* He pissed me off. = He made me angry.
$ X* u0 Y: E1 s1 L# q * He always pisses off (at) the society.(对社会不满) $ e' _0 I8 n$ ]& A% m
# h0 `$ x2 n7 u, N 如果「小便」有毛病,也可以告诉医生说: & p4 F/ ]* @4 P1 e1 A
* My urine is cloudy and it smells strong.(有浊尿,味道很重)
! ^' p$ ^: p% _- `3 m' J* w0 O5 M * I have pus (或air)in urine.(尿有泡沫) (pus = cloudy; air = bubble)
4 \4 U" u# N9 Q; S5 f * I dribble a little urine after I have finished urinating.(小便后还会滴滴答答。)(即失禁毛病) # s1 S$ y0 r5 C$ o' v2 W4 h _4 A
* I am passing less urine than usual.(小便的量比平时少)
2 z1 H: F, ^. e7 H8 j" Y3 E: Z6 T/ V$ c$ o; H8 j
三、解大便 / q2 X3 |9 G9 {9 P" v! }, x7 `
一般是用 to make(或 have)a bowel movement 或 to take a shit。如果看病,医生常问:「Do you have regular bowel movement?」(大便正常吗?)(说得斯文些,就是大肠在转动)。此外,还有其他的说法: & u1 v" D: v) Z Q- W; O/ o
to defecate =to discharge excrement(或 feces) + x$ p9 {- N3 ~& i+ G$ L& k, m, g
=to take feces (或 faeces)。 例如:
9 i( {( F M/ g; _) [ * The patient needs to take a shit. (=to make a bowel movement) p$ m7 h5 a* m3 O$ S* R
$ _2 ^. n/ c& j- ~3 E; D$ t+ u 不过,小孩多半是用 to make a poo poo 或 to make a BM. 。 例如:
& x$ c- q( r3 c' N, D * The boy had a stinky BM.(大便奇臭。) 8 {. B/ L! A/ S4 }5 d
4 e# E6 S: V7 j( `4 g" Z 但是「大便检查」倒叫做 stool exam,因为 stool 也是一种化验的样品。 例如: 0 g. g+ c& r: `2 d
* The doctor has to exam his stool.(医生要检查他的大便。)
2 t- c+ p+ o' p: p. \8 j' `
0 r/ ?/ a7 @* ]# {' ^ 四、放屁 4 x$ A8 f9 Z, V. U a4 u
在美语里最常用的是 to expel gas 或 to fart 或 to make (或 pass)gas。 医生有时问: & k3 p a; w( X, v1 v
How often do you expel(或 make 或 pass)gas? ' ]. U# z' }; n' B2 w
你放屁的次数很多吗?
, J( R( d- L5 h" ^* n, k3 N% _ * Is the gas expelled by belching?
L7 n6 ^+ R ~" i& R9 k) {1 y) K1 m 是否打嗝后就会放屁呢?(动词是 belch)
9 A; ]7 D/ V& E3 ~9 g8 r% i. @ * He said the more he ate, the more he farted. / g i' {# I; z8 q1 f/ Z2 {7 s
吃的愈多,放屁也愈多。
$ G. A: S5 N+ L8 p; }& K. H5 V/ R * He has passed more gas than usual within the last two days.
+ O* H- y. W- P) N x* }# _- l 过去两天中,他放屁比平常多。 ! d2 i1 d! ?% `3 f A4 J
* Be careful not to fart in the public.
$ D5 B q3 W3 _2 x4 I 注意在公共场所不可放屁。
9 a+ ]$ u3 U' v* C% ?& @ n9 U9 h& K0 _3 c5 {
至于消化不良,大便不通或拉肚子,也有不同的说法。 例如:
% V: D. n" `7 O8 |3 w$ l * I have an upset stomach.(消化不良) : @$ t( b/ z% r f* d T) ^
= I have heartburn. = I have indigestion. & c/ _- l; j; y0 i7 v
注意:Heartburn 是指胃不舒服,不是「心痛」(heartache) D/ W6 S( s ]" N- Z2 f$ F
) e/ i* H# v1 j! C; _
* Something has upset my stomach for two weeks.
4 g( X& B. P/ K5 U 胃不舒服有两星期了。) 9 D |( y" _/ ~3 u
* He has(persistent)constipation.(或 irregularity)
- s# K& J; i. c+ C% f7 T7 F4 C 他经常便秘。) 或
" q7 ?# y( K; V& [ * He has been unusually constipated.(便秘很反常。)或 / e: P9 b9 N5 {/ X" i' f5 B. B
* He is having problem with irregularity.(或 constipation); 或
- E+ z9 ^2 @8 V- M- [/ T * He has no bowel movement for the past few days. & {7 r) k4 ~/ [$ c
9 e% e, J- H( b2 \! d- T! e" ~4 G
* He has bouts of diarrhea.=He is having trouble with diarrhea.
1 H( a* r" R# k' H 他拉了一阵肚子。
1 u2 M0 C5 j/ i * He can see trace of blood and pus or mucus in his stool(或 bowel movement) 3 q' ~. r0 i* d7 l* b: |
大便时可看到血丝和粘膜。 |
|