 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The( f* o& a" m! d; ]) A! a
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
/ X6 _( i7 m6 _/ asyllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,: s: M8 v8 Z7 g( @
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
- j. \ g* R- S% u1 ^* I* I5 p4 N(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of1 F3 a5 u; w1 z: b( X
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
0 y( f4 v3 j T5 P b6 m6 d2 FA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
' _% t1 ], d `, J* m6 k& d[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]( N, Q- l. ^0 m1 x: u! l8 F
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
! ]; R, e* a$ \9 z0 _ Gretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on! \' J/ s3 h- p; z5 c! H
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset$ |& u. }! M+ }' I% W. {" g% |5 S
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
: t* k( Y3 Y4 @6 gsegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a2 i3 ]8 B9 ~/ X9 u, q1 l
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.) |* F# a: B& q$ k& s: {. W. E1 y: ^
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
7 b9 Z$ p+ I0 H3 t# _# ]- Pcompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,% x4 N( N, y4 X- k2 u; M
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..) B, \9 J, h9 E
% O) M3 A! o0 z+ l' I
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch); K- l% u% t% @% @4 ]- n
and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
