 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
, F8 @% b* I& P k5 w5 xInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the; C- S+ F- |' Z0 s
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,& w* v0 A) J: p% |$ z/ ^
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
; e/ @* ?1 c* d/ u) c4 Y; z(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
: D* V3 o* L" T- L& z4 Jretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).$ T% o5 G0 _0 d
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=- S0 q( o4 C3 g- ^5 f; N
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]) ?; i# Q& ^# S+ `' |6 s
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
$ y4 k5 g' w0 z* y$ f% ?retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
, A, y5 K' Y! H- q6 T, A# H4 Bpossible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset1 H4 o c; b& n$ D2 o
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two3 y0 v) Y; g: G
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
* V, S6 o% l* msemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
+ }1 {9 v6 k3 ~9 zend with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In6 l; q( h7 d' D$ w. N& e
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,# m! m! H; u+ ]& [
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..; T, E, ^, O# d! N, f. r1 _
8 m# @% f( g3 B! j$ y
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)+ j/ t3 I$ L" u( G- d! C
and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
