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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)
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Proof: & m2 |- j/ T8 s- j' F- U
Let n >1 be an integer % n- y( ~7 L y: H7 B9 Y
Basis: (n=2)
: y; W2 [/ ?0 o5 T 2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3
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Induction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that+ M% d, T, L/ G2 }9 l" ]; C
K^3 – K can by divided by 3.4 V- @) {( r7 _
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Now, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 3
! ?+ L+ B' V: c& }3 r$ Gsince we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem- q9 i) s4 Y0 ~: T& G: ]
Then we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)( D( a- k h9 a% R4 B3 y) J& ?
= K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K& j0 K% \" h6 s5 z) m" N( S1 }
= ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)9 ^, j1 s0 X( \$ R2 o
= ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
# S: h& E/ [3 s/ w3 Sby Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0
) {; `4 _2 {4 g4 f( |6 e8 t# ?$ mSo we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)$ g! N* H z6 i
= 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K), }* a& [1 g4 g* w. _* K7 G
= 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3
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6 a3 }% E c6 s; X' ~; AConclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.) f; x! R# P5 } x' t" }0 s+ _& z
7 Z2 \1 \/ \! N+ e% F[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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