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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑 * ~, j7 h4 v; U6 }6 O+ ?4 o4 n, E
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http://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688* S: g. z* }( c7 [. i
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John Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China
3 T. j& ^9 d. ], T' Q5 @2 a) W9 rYANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of V! z0 E3 J0 c- C' j! F* z+ b
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
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LI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of+ U; U m' l4 C6 u/ v
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
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Supported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .6 O, ^. [, P5 D/ O; q" {) E
Received 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 2018
1 n8 L& M# Z+ ]( G6 S$ G7 IPublished online 26 January 2018) B6 L: O- K$ p3 d3 L2 O; \7 R
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3 O5 `) f8 k. t( FAbstract
/ j. x6 i) u. `* MJohn Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing% M7 ^( s5 W' a' N
Dynasty who came to China and was employed by The! G# m) N& t9 b& a9 ^9 X; y
Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been& l/ G* n' B" h: p/ j
engaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not5 ?5 ~) h" x" Q. i$ W( A/ d
only having translated a great deal of Western scientific
! J* _- }; Y+ Q$ w/ xworks into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly. |% j' ~6 @# { T7 m' E
to the standardization of the scientific terminology- V( _$ \3 g! Q1 a
translation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s: d+ r- G/ f% {2 P: |& h1 Y6 T
scientific translation practice and his translation ideas,
9 k. y3 g. Z" {0 E# kand then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the
: ]% M/ M8 ~3 O, S- s& {# t, Mstandardization of the scientific terminology translation* _, H) p# U/ ?$ ^
in Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien# f: M" Z+ G0 w. }1 J
he established had helped greatly with the popularization
% v. m9 L& {; E2 L- @of modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring
# \% I( n% c) U/ M8 jthe Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way/ N5 m( l s* T7 C; ]
for the term translation of modern chemical elements, and5 o% ^! r' r* M
that various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a! \- L$ M: w G! T" C: a+ V' P* ^
great degree, had standardized the translation of scientific8 O8 n- T3 n$ ~+ q3 K
terminology.
+ Y$ g0 V% @, f9 a5 xKey words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;
A! S2 y4 H, d8 L, uStandardization of terminology translation
: [' V1 H( V$ h5 J! ^; IYang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to7 a( z1 e# ~# H' S1 \
Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern# e( B2 Q4 S% t1 P5 h9 q
China. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available4 L% _; c% }2 j9 f- U. s
from: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213
% g9 F/ @& }2 ~8 ^( x% SDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/10213/ }4 p$ N3 l/ }2 d/ `: C E" m G/ D1 D
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9 z# X6 S2 a: O5 T6 G" B8 yINTRODUCTION; ^( L H0 S& d i1 _7 X
John Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and
; }0 d0 ]- b% D+ Aa great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).
$ P/ z3 g3 B5 `, T& w" `! {1 \" v6 {Driven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to
; {/ j& a$ P4 i; V( S: F% A0 NHong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of
8 a) G8 p1 d4 k( D, v! _/ fSt. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed
8 V) y$ \ }/ b8 Eby The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as
5 Y" U3 p+ e- c* |+ t& l+ aan editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on
; u8 V8 Y* ]) h% `0 ohis job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-
2 `: {! D/ f/ D$ N8 R6 s1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific8 N p& q) v" l( d
works and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,
; Y5 a8 s6 n) b8 U9 MFryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.: n0 T5 ]% s5 F( ?
Namely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated, N9 p8 Z7 y4 `3 n0 ^* u" A8 ~
to him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant$ N1 O' h5 H5 A6 R
would transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,5 q/ v' _! [' S3 [1 _, Q, d
revise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,! s5 `+ A% ]9 f" q% g; t; Y
Fryer translated more than one hundred of Western
3 u _3 l: @( _* I mbooks that made him the most productive one among the ]/ a! T1 q; A- s
foreign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,5 t% p7 v5 M2 z2 s& m' d
translating Western scientific books into Chinese was a$ s5 D0 @0 G3 {! X
noble work which could help accelerate the process of1 P a5 O$ G/ {
people’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).
8 {, A, T# q8 u: r; m& Z# oIn addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer
$ |" }9 s; K) m1 J) talso paid much attention to the dissemination of Western
- d; E, ?" ]( L! T# F. x! _3 k5 t' Fscience and the standardization of translated scientific
* c9 b& q4 }/ L; Y3 ~" E7 fterms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific
7 p6 ~4 I% G6 l6 h( Q0 [: C8 smagazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the7 Q$ |1 `/ M+ u. ^2 {9 n6 K+ J& u1 d
establishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another; N; ~* N y( w$ h i+ O+ E
contribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series! _8 I. N$ n' X/ @8 c. Y+ Y
of chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in. T3 G4 w4 U- q
Modern China.6 l4 {$ k O; x5 M y! c/ P) n; G3 D
An American scholar Dagenais (2010) published) J5 M" [ i6 M, l5 _, _; f' m4 G
The John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of1 ]! v# E/ H+ r" t2 \
travel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing E5 f: S# A) H2 ^) {" [2 T
a lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In" ?' [; j' d8 j6 ~/ M0 l7 u) M! `5 j4 V
John Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and b6 i5 {+ j2 M( V. L% Q/ }8 C9 W
Technology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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