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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑 0 y4 P* ~$ r0 s
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http://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688
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John Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China! \5 s3 F2 g! S4 r4 ]6 t
YANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of, j8 p/ I7 M: |" N( T3 R
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
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LI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
/ P& D4 r; z Z0 V! }Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
& e3 s, a* ? e2 q
( L0 f/ |+ R( R8 m: tSupported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .
* H- ]+ q; x8 N: _+ n8 CReceived 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 2018
) e- F! x0 T5 E, q6 b* aPublished online 26 January 2018$ r) }# b6 s; P
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John Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing/ ~8 t$ }4 t1 @- P- R: D
Dynasty who came to China and was employed by The' [, [0 J0 u. o0 I
Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been
E! g' `5 i" K0 uengaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not
, W& z: N6 L! F5 E+ Z& Ionly having translated a great deal of Western scientific
; j. m. ?: t! v/ }+ a; a Iworks into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly
+ m( v5 Z W% P: c! R; T# |to the standardization of the scientific terminology
! P/ G- p: O4 Btranslation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s
% y. x' T2 W# _2 @& l: ^; m) ~0 E: hscientific translation practice and his translation ideas,
1 Q6 @0 |% z4 ?/ V5 J. N. l! Tand then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the$ b% ], f" F9 n }3 ]3 U$ I$ M
standardization of the scientific terminology translation
) Z! j2 E. k6 v4 cin Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien
7 L7 K4 l* j9 @he established had helped greatly with the popularization
7 W, u9 ^# \% x8 Z9 L" xof modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring0 P, R: s2 E* X; A
the Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way+ k. G+ [/ L; M
for the term translation of modern chemical elements, and3 v7 t4 s9 ~4 H: {
that various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a. n/ i# o" j/ |9 Y
great degree, had standardized the translation of scientific& Z9 ]" D; H- ~- h
terminology., K8 G# i2 V0 X- D2 o4 ?
Key words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;! W' Y {5 L1 n3 ^3 `
Standardization of terminology translation
# a0 ~) [9 u3 N, q; d. i! A+ kYang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to4 \: i6 W) ^0 Y I& C0 ~, k
Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern
2 P$ j+ ^- i+ }$ p3 q+ g1 w6 xChina. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available% s; D8 r) d( a6 J8 Y: K
from: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213% w7 l2 Q( U/ v5 n; Z
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/10213
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INTRODUCTION; r! J% B( i" I6 M5 u& R2 n1 |
John Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and
7 G! m8 j. T f" B5 ~3 K& z& ea great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).
! W1 ]1 Z: l8 iDriven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to. E& \+ A0 B2 F" P) W0 J9 F, _
Hong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of
+ Y8 E7 Z* z& h' a, TSt. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed
& k3 c' I, @$ B# h) Aby The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as; ]( I% q$ G0 G8 m/ Z; `, b
an editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on
2 C6 C7 B) n6 q2 c6 Z! m2 h" u- b7 zhis job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-2 O* R2 C- ^2 C0 J/ F
1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific
" j2 ?3 i o& Mworks and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,( o. F0 k V6 {/ {1 [$ ^* d
Fryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.3 ]' S$ q, O8 I/ N. y
Namely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated
4 B* ~) @. o( k8 |! R7 D* tto him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant
+ m. K9 e& P2 r% e1 w: h6 l8 Cwould transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,
/ v/ r! G6 B7 c% u; }3 {revise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,; K1 [3 t- G2 I$ z
Fryer translated more than one hundred of Western
) H# q& \, w [9 ebooks that made him the most productive one among the
4 _8 o6 X' t/ V; W! xforeign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,' M; V5 ]; V$ z% Y# `
translating Western scientific books into Chinese was a5 f7 ~5 c- W7 S/ O
noble work which could help accelerate the process of
( j( D2 y# u- h: T4 upeople’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).! b; Z; ?4 O4 W3 b: ^! _
In addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer
/ r4 s, i ?! v R9 Balso paid much attention to the dissemination of Western/ I4 M" {8 c# r8 f: e" ~' q
science and the standardization of translated scientific9 G! N' g" I% a1 m
terms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific
6 N' O3 n. N+ G/ Y# smagazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the5 x/ K& U9 F% J3 y# E: a G
establishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another" j. D) x7 i7 a7 V% A* F S; W
contribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series
7 G0 X2 P% u/ _" B2 Dof chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in' G6 q; j# j$ z1 n9 O
Modern China.
1 d' E G! P; }7 v; ZAn American scholar Dagenais (2010) published t9 \) N4 j+ j3 c
The John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of
+ z) @: |. }: q d, g7 Y& l3 Atravel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing
6 w4 M8 M5 Y3 q3 Z6 F1 T1 k. _a lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In
. e( ]$ j0 N9 t: SJohn Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and$ K1 j1 o0 m& U! Q [2 {, X
Technology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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