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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑
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http://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/106885 A- R& d$ Z& S- b7 o) T4 z
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John Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China% c: E$ C$ p6 b1 V
YANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
) Z) G7 x p3 j7 GFinance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
3 p% F- j, ?, I. ]8 n% B6 G1 V- H( ?: z5 i- l
LI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
}4 W5 X. L- e; B! LFinance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
& f: Y+ A1 {3 I: _& k0 O$ A7 ?% i' Y+ z- ^1 l
Supported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .8 v9 o, a3 m3 g; A# S/ q' u0 m
Received 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 2018
4 s( ?- Z+ _2 j: _- @1 ~. SPublished online 26 January 2018" d; g) Q4 _; @8 y4 A$ c
( i, f1 }* }. P7 T+ W3 v1 g& }$ X& K+ F! g/ j) \
Abstract
' t* L$ l9 k) f }5 K h! }+ j4 VJohn Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing
4 c' M& b3 v Z. {+ C0 P* HDynasty who came to China and was employed by The
{6 G$ t/ X3 |' S# t ]) CTranslation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been
9 _4 P, s5 A. f q# r- qengaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not: b, _% l1 a$ W2 o0 {+ b% G
only having translated a great deal of Western scientific
: Y' a* ~; ?2 k) m( Pworks into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly( c8 z2 G! W4 H3 w( i
to the standardization of the scientific terminology- R+ G) R7 D" k4 _
translation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s" o/ ?) `- M7 R) Y
scientific translation practice and his translation ideas,! \8 ]; {6 b" c6 R3 d
and then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the
8 l! x8 d) l4 G8 r1 j( Y9 r5 d- Astandardization of the scientific terminology translation
, \1 p2 \3 U% D; @$ Q {$ V$ }2 win Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien
9 }. l$ w& x- b7 O. X6 ohe established had helped greatly with the popularization1 R7 Q E+ n! T) C% b- Q, W
of modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring
7 \/ Z+ y6 i& \9 S: m8 _the Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way
. W: f% n8 g( ffor the term translation of modern chemical elements, and
. u) f1 s+ d; q4 Nthat various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a9 J' ?8 E6 k. F% s+ i; G
great degree, had standardized the translation of scientific
. ^0 z! l# e T1 E% i/ J; j4 M& Oterminology.6 ^0 @- \ S9 d+ ?7 |6 n! m ^
Key words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;( X8 ]% b) d/ G3 R! y3 S. a
Standardization of terminology translation
# d/ p9 s% [' i- zYang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to! {% K$ c% o6 o9 b3 @$ }% H; ~! J
Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern& `8 c+ C# v0 k, ~8 a/ ]
China. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available
& j& D1 o/ H! Qfrom: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/102137 r- [( d3 h& |- I% l
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/10213
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& \+ y- y( V( p! _4 e: S* l1 XINTRODUCTION; U" Z* @1 j- G* k9 I8 V- Z$ c
John Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and0 g4 x$ ]& {! y( \9 L P
a great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).
# L& K0 [7 J( B* D' WDriven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to
. c9 ~- U/ X ]& I3 \. Z7 y. eHong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of N5 [: Q7 g8 y. x+ |
St. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed9 O; V1 ?; j5 x) n9 B/ k+ s
by The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as
& q" g7 l) j8 {8 o* Lan editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on
* ?! ]( b4 o, x2 U" C- g7 yhis job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-; Z A% ]. l# ^8 A. J
1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific" y' j! F0 h5 Y& Z5 o2 `
works and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,8 u* G% E4 S% l+ |
Fryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.
' x# W5 q4 j7 Z* GNamely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated
! n7 e# A! O$ d7 dto him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant, b5 Y8 L2 \4 \1 e( E( C4 u @
would transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,
. X/ o, X+ y" x4 drevise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,
( \+ q# t( ~. CFryer translated more than one hundred of Western8 T5 X+ b, x: d% d. A9 f! R5 f
books that made him the most productive one among the
% u" p; Z: A3 F* {9 b1 jforeign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,
& \% K! P9 W/ Z% }2 H1 {translating Western scientific books into Chinese was a) H; Q, ~( n' F6 s
noble work which could help accelerate the process of
X. q( t: C# k3 z- L7 M1 c5 Y8 Dpeople’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).6 _6 }: X; g0 h% y* X1 _
In addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer
! h. h3 @. z# {2 l$ qalso paid much attention to the dissemination of Western
7 D6 c/ b; k# v5 ~+ ^* Qscience and the standardization of translated scientific
. t5 G1 ~7 g0 O! ]( _' e( b: t& n7 yterms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific( H4 R8 A! V: H2 f# @
magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the
1 U, M: j; W5 ~3 B! b& ?3 u% }establishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another
2 x3 X2 o4 `; D" `$ z; Dcontribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series: H4 q! i# s! M: n: D7 Z2 P7 P
of chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in
% R9 Q+ N7 Y2 ?$ DModern China.+ U a3 j8 v9 i `' T* [. b
An American scholar Dagenais (2010) published
. |& x9 W; g* d0 c- t/ Y, dThe John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of
- o# i2 J* i% B5 T/ w; r. Ptravel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing
$ {6 ]" ^- H! ]1 k7 \* v1 c; Ga lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In
8 N" |7 k" ?/ @# ~$ a: [* mJohn Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and
7 M( b- Q i- b- j% M/ v) ~Technology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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