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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑
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http://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688
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John Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China7 p9 b( X: d! P" b5 r0 b* p" B
YANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
* V1 W: q+ j; R8 _! d( }/ m1 dFinance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
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LI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of# P9 P8 p t+ b5 A- o
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
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1 P* F) ^- @ M3 x$ k: KSupported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .
# S x H; K& C* o5 w9 jReceived 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 2018
* s& n$ @* V, g) ]2 t- {% S- _3 T& SPublished online 26 January 2018
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Abstract0 s/ y* b, b4 h* C8 [7 W: O- @5 p
John Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing
2 o8 q" z$ L, X: [Dynasty who came to China and was employed by The
+ ~8 L7 n1 R9 _# Q5 zTranslation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been# ~% j) s$ y" Q5 g% I# T
engaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not/ u5 N- M+ D+ H) v2 H0 ]6 H
only having translated a great deal of Western scientific
, }% O$ u* K- n0 d. P9 oworks into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly
7 H3 _/ ^# h, F& u3 f8 ?) g$ Q. Vto the standardization of the scientific terminology- i' Y" s3 A3 r. I- M
translation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s) `2 m2 _# h( X. ^4 H5 ^/ Z$ m
scientific translation practice and his translation ideas,
0 j; F$ y5 T& {/ gand then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the
; p9 _ D* |1 j3 Wstandardization of the scientific terminology translation: l1 D9 R- [0 ?. C9 R
in Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien
) o2 I! S, L3 y8 r( a2 |6 k2 ehe established had helped greatly with the popularization
1 r" l' p6 G! t, z( Uof modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring' x5 |4 L/ ^6 C& {" V9 v
the Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way
* G- g9 G$ w+ |$ bfor the term translation of modern chemical elements, and' C- P* _- r) R3 C. E' g
that various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a% |7 ~2 R' W6 P8 f! H# v
great degree, had standardized the translation of scientific) u( [$ D" a, x r! ^
terminology.: C; u1 D# l4 b
Key words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;* C. o% a6 L- a3 s
Standardization of terminology translation' `4 b4 ~1 {; I0 ~
Yang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to4 W% S, u/ }/ C# Y
Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern2 U5 U$ G# d$ P( E7 j- ~
China. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available
; ?8 X( L' H9 ^2 y" ?9 Zfrom: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/102134 O& {1 B& X8 S/ a, X- l
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/10213
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INTRODUCTION# Z+ H$ I7 n3 x! K, {' q
John Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and
. n! U6 m5 D8 F) g) @) \" y) va great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912)./ B0 w5 K5 G, a2 _% T0 ~ ]
Driven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to4 _" p. f- G' v$ W
Hong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of3 `% [3 J- D; {. C3 o7 }& A
St. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed7 H7 S7 A+ ~4 o1 E& K( t' C
by The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as0 [$ S% f C1 z2 H/ w- Q- T
an editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on7 d7 I& ^5 s9 D
his job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-
" v9 c0 S# X6 e1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific& y" ~; L9 o2 X
works and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,; F0 f! R; z) A0 p% k
Fryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.
V$ ^8 s- ~5 rNamely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated2 U2 q. [/ t( p5 U7 `
to him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant/ p9 o. T0 Q" c+ N( J+ v
would transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,5 V% O9 F, d$ E/ F. N
revise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,
6 Y: a: w" R7 [" C b1 O# UFryer translated more than one hundred of Western; m' X* f$ F6 J+ i6 C
books that made him the most productive one among the( g# M$ w+ h- S X9 M/ q8 ^
foreign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,7 q: B5 r8 ~! X: N+ U; H A
translating Western scientific books into Chinese was a
) B& g% T" X! \& ^8 _' K) F4 d- Wnoble work which could help accelerate the process of
6 h' a7 ?" L+ u8 [$ {* lpeople’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).
5 ]: g% k7 f; aIn addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer7 ]% A9 Z, F* o* {9 S
also paid much attention to the dissemination of Western
) A Q2 M9 f! j1 @4 [( [% u2 {; e7 wscience and the standardization of translated scientific
4 }. R3 L! S- i* s! |9 Jterms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific# t# H, n, S, \3 t0 E
magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the
. M7 ~+ S; g5 V4 _: X; t bestablishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another5 X0 B2 W- o: N; F, b$ m8 y/ q
contribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series
- H! t3 f9 G) _( J6 B. Dof chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in
' f* N q4 c2 P y7 l5 BModern China.% V1 s1 B l3 [; e
An American scholar Dagenais (2010) published E7 ]. Q3 f# H3 s' E! g
The John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of
( \0 U b! }. V: Dtravel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing( d9 ~/ Y. u( `0 c# f
a lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In
! [. W. _2 i" r- F1 Q# |1 OJohn Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and) i0 B/ j+ L6 d( y: w* e1 A# X
Technology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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