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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑 ; G# y" U# F* b. ]2 \+ A- |
" q) b6 @, g3 d; x3 m! T' Hhttp://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688. i3 {& Q- X, t9 F" |
& K% O8 q" [( h1 z+ a; `John Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China
/ T8 a" ~0 D2 n6 AYANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
" v1 O& K7 j E Q! o* UFinance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
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9 G" T3 c# j6 @0 a2 VLI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
1 v( v4 _) K# I* `; E9 d7 I8 jFinance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.+ `( y; n( r* b; g& N8 T
) q/ Z" H4 q, Q/ q5 B4 MSupported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .
2 \7 q+ F7 \/ x; SReceived 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 2018
8 _! T8 Y& O& C4 s; { J4 WPublished online 26 January 2018
8 c) b* S, Y% {. m! ^& n, [; H8 T" Q6 D3 h4 h L
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Abstract, ?& n/ j9 @1 B% K5 p
John Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing
1 |! J) D6 X# j5 m$ W, j9 A2 rDynasty who came to China and was employed by The
. d1 ^6 Q' L: L+ }! _8 ^Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been* A) D! x$ @. i. \! t
engaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not
/ d3 T4 ?8 e+ P/ }, `" eonly having translated a great deal of Western scientific& A- q7 l/ G3 N# [" l
works into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly
/ v% L; k! d' A$ I* f" R* X( h' Yto the standardization of the scientific terminology
( a( T! J; Y8 N' m+ a$ ktranslation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s* [ P5 {6 s/ R" m
scientific translation practice and his translation ideas,
# |7 y5 Z0 C7 O2 K! D' _4 e! fand then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the8 S5 M) A2 ~" U) ^; M- s9 V% R1 u( z' F
standardization of the scientific terminology translation3 ?- P a# L0 a4 ]
in Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien
, a+ ? a# g- }& N2 F" F2 |- fhe established had helped greatly with the popularization J; I1 x8 M6 ], p* n
of modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring
}; c( O0 d# C! zthe Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way
8 O6 F( m# y9 S. R* ofor the term translation of modern chemical elements, and/ ~' y: S% N9 z* I; |" @' {
that various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a
- p6 | u& w2 f2 Y, `9 \great degree, had standardized the translation of scientific
: Q' _6 m7 M6 Yterminology.
s7 B9 |. t- P6 y, a, m+ MKey words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;, c \8 ^) N; n6 ~6 K' R- v9 `5 B0 @5 B1 J
Standardization of terminology translation
: V4 D" ^5 E2 [- i# t4 KYang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to# E8 U, ~" c4 o+ D
Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern
' S) ?% z# s2 U% V8 b. D% mChina. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available8 Z* \; d/ g: @2 G1 i/ P
from: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/102130 d2 \7 A+ U! X" t6 I, z; ]6 \
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/102131 R. B6 j: A @& b* u
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INTRODUCTION% J+ c: Z( I* v% V
John Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and4 `9 m# F1 w. }# D
a great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).
6 Q s2 Q2 b+ V, I) ^Driven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to) }! t M, r4 x1 o, g% n: s. t- g
Hong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of
3 x4 [, O+ r" |: M1 R, u. p3 ISt. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed. u( t9 b& B$ x, a
by The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as$ J( N- F4 \* a( u2 {1 _: p
an editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on
! S U( w. y" Z6 f! l2 O Y. xhis job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-
5 ?. ~: o- M# f7 y* Z# f+ o1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific
4 L& N; ]7 E: s' Lworks and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,! x' T( G( o& N5 B# p
Fryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.
2 L7 {4 I" p% S: C! B! RNamely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated
- Q; \* J8 q) Y& l, i1 r; {to him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant+ M8 ?* g3 v+ p+ l
would transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese, Z5 e; s. t: }# x7 a. E
revise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,. [5 A3 ~9 |+ B C, c
Fryer translated more than one hundred of Western
! N a( Z! ^: R* vbooks that made him the most productive one among the
$ N9 X4 A! d J! Iforeign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,1 K/ H U: f k" f0 O/ f
translating Western scientific books into Chinese was a" [) D2 _8 |! k- }' }. a
noble work which could help accelerate the process of
3 v* @, T) }( e2 p; {people’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).
2 a) n* L1 x# `1 J0 H! xIn addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer
1 w% M) O; Y; J7 I1 T3 Ealso paid much attention to the dissemination of Western! i# D" `4 y" z( f* U/ {9 D& Q
science and the standardization of translated scientific
$ U% }" a4 e) fterms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific
; o. \9 r) C$ Y/ A* W4 amagazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the- \' ^6 t5 A+ X& s; o7 S/ Q
establishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another: b8 X+ M; a0 q# ]8 F+ ?. f- E' _
contribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series; ^8 T! l1 g' ]% W) n" N
of chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in; ?6 T& e+ s5 D- j- }; @" {1 U. E& ]
Modern China.. C% V% D2 |! X: `2 K t; ?- {% R
An American scholar Dagenais (2010) published
! r+ n/ b- d9 M$ UThe John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of/ j% j% _0 Y% F. T1 X5 v
travel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing
7 p7 }0 M$ e- fa lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In
6 ?% ^8 Y- A. w, C! VJohn Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and
# w, i1 u- x& QTechnology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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