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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑 / z1 z. q) h; R* d0 q
% ^& e/ v/ I* w: D+ a) Qhttp://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688) S% B; r9 @0 J2 E0 Q) H
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John Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China
6 o! l8 [ B1 YYANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
s J+ a. s+ K) b, x" ^, bFinance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
' {- [- n% x g8 _1 o6 h
. q) [: C4 G+ ^3 T% rLI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of' [; ]; u) d5 i6 X6 K7 `0 K4 K
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.- Z, `6 _) Z+ G3 g& D- N
) V) l: _+ u m) y
Supported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .
' ?6 i) ^; Q: tReceived 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 2018
" ]+ d7 b8 P5 \Published online 26 January 2018# ~! ?( S% W5 J. I* q' K3 d
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6 D8 v5 U. l. D8 mAbstract
( U# H* s9 v: ~John Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing
1 X; g2 @ z% D- T$ ^# ]5 ^Dynasty who came to China and was employed by The
6 e! p# {* n: K2 w! LTranslation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been% N% ?0 S4 V; `+ _# ~0 O# t
engaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not$ E; W5 H I3 Y. G: q5 a
only having translated a great deal of Western scientific9 h$ _ [4 o g+ p
works into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly8 Q4 Q; k* S9 n6 K) W; n4 T' X1 n
to the standardization of the scientific terminology
- r3 `- f9 h7 W3 J8 K/ H/ V7 }9 R V' qtranslation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s8 M( b! u" h& H9 H6 n& V: M) t
scientific translation practice and his translation ideas,/ v( M V% r' l Z3 k+ j
and then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the
# D3 m& O6 V# l: c# Ostandardization of the scientific terminology translation
1 ^8 b2 ]6 o) o& B4 n& t' S1 m7 p- Fin Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien8 q4 N2 }& C2 v: k2 z$ ], e; p
he established had helped greatly with the popularization; r/ M+ \! ~8 C {" { K+ i1 ~
of modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring. T9 M+ ^' g/ s! r3 D( R$ ?" f0 x
the Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way8 K! Z# Z: G0 U8 N
for the term translation of modern chemical elements, and
, ^, J3 y* ]: G( R9 T/ wthat various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a, d6 X" o3 K$ W% i% y8 m9 I3 |# y
great degree, had standardized the translation of scientific8 z1 d: U6 E( F5 R
terminology.
( v5 \8 Y8 S1 O' d0 d; AKey words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;3 n8 ^% l7 f/ p& M
Standardization of terminology translation( [# @# u- G* M( @1 p
Yang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to- A2 z$ ^8 s5 ^; E
Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern/ J' [7 a$ j! W. c
China. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available
; {0 q" ]: Z8 @4 D ?7 U4 [from: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213
+ U" p: p8 O+ E4 PDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/102132 i t2 ?+ o* P# y5 g
+ e0 _: t5 Q+ O& F
3 D, k% b, p0 i+ oINTRODUCTION, x4 w- P) c% e: C
John Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and% d6 E5 _5 k& g' o' b3 g8 B9 U: m
a great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).
1 c. d1 Y5 } u) X; iDriven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to/ L: x0 a j) H; M: n$ L; O0 M
Hong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of- b2 h- p% U0 G) h" ?% g& p$ w
St. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed
, W: S9 D5 o; x# `% ]& B& b* Mby The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as
% y. H4 h# X0 i) han editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on7 M7 @6 P3 U# A+ D$ O
his job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-
5 V3 v) U! Z3 W9 o1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific! n: d2 h6 ?) \/ L, u& ~; E$ k% \
works and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,
: f$ s2 I. T6 O7 ]( Y4 O% R$ }Fryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction. C" p( @: }6 X3 k
Namely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated1 o. x/ S+ k' d c) x7 ]' P
to him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant+ t" ~& l. S: t7 ]- j9 M
would transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese, g' R4 e2 b3 {* w
revise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,
3 ]+ z! Z5 L' e% J0 \9 p# |3 S8 dFryer translated more than one hundred of Western
. ]6 C0 E1 A) V$ j D1 n8 Vbooks that made him the most productive one among the& @8 [7 T' n; O9 k" j
foreign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,. p5 w$ ~& v% R6 q$ I/ X
translating Western scientific books into Chinese was a/ d7 G6 g6 K. k* O
noble work which could help accelerate the process of
- n4 E V) K- [* |2 Ppeople’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).
8 A& T9 [4 C6 E/ FIn addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer
2 k8 b( F* [# X0 x4 oalso paid much attention to the dissemination of Western& t2 y' D8 E; D4 h, \* R( p
science and the standardization of translated scientific9 M# W: v# c/ p; Y- |
terms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific% F8 U: u6 P5 s8 m" X( \7 R* B
magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the) x; n% ~. ]" _5 F& S$ K
establishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another
( p% `, X# M+ zcontribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series
$ b9 s6 y J9 [1 c& @4 K/ z( Jof chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in
7 |4 X, m$ n$ \2 v- t* yModern China.
1 Z$ b$ x& y$ S7 {1 I+ YAn American scholar Dagenais (2010) published$ g! {& @9 u1 o2 c; | u
The John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of$ ~% D) G' f. a. _$ E. n
travel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing
! ?5 ^, B% m ^: p; _a lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In5 @/ H* F) v) u( Q2 K5 C
John Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and9 f, k% [, j+ G
Technology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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