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How to figure a home's fundamental value
& B) p/ q/ Y, O) Q8 \Leamer says he can tell because homes, just like stocks, have a price-to-earnings ratio (P/E) that he believes determines their fundamental value. The “earnings” part of the ratio consists of the annual rent the house could command. Homebuyers can compare current P/Es with historical levels, Leamer says, to get some idea of whether houses in their cities are becoming overvalued.% R9 R8 @' c" Q
; a: K3 U! K4 o( J, J/ G- eNot everyone buys the idea that P/Es dictate value. But investors who completely ignore P/Es do so at their peril, as many have learned in recent years. Leamer, who heads the prestigious Anderson Forecast at the University of California in Los Angeles, points out that the P/E for the Standard & Poor’s 500, a key stock benchmark, was nearly double its previous historical high when the stock market bubble burst in 2000. When home P/Es peaked in California, Boston, Dallas and other markets in the mid-1980s, devastating real estate recessions followed.' u9 b+ v; H$ y( O' T! H G, u
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Leamer didn’t invent the concept of P/Es for homes. But his willingness to proclaim bubbles in several of the nation’s hottest markets has brought him lots of attention recently.
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To calculate P/Es for entire cities, Leamer divided the median home price in each by the annual rent for a two-bedroom unit in each city -- and looked at P/Es each year since 1988. Here’s what he found:1 t, W5 M/ L6 E
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In Boston, the residential real estate market’s P/E recently topped 30 -- compared with just under 20 in 1988.8 k% K6 O- U3 p1 ^% a
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San Francisco’s previous peak of 25.6 in 1989 has been eclipsed, with the P/E currently at just over 27.
2 X# }4 |# Z7 aSan Diego’s current P/E is nearly 30, compared with a 1989 high of 23.4.
. q7 |$ ^5 l- W. g; U# ?New York, by contrast, is actually well below previous peaks. The area’s current 22.5 P/E is above its recent nadir of 17.6 in 1993, but down from 28.6 in 1988.
% j* L4 ^( R9 r; [( UYou don’t have to know exact P/Es, however, to spot signs of trouble, Leamer says. Any time there’s a disconnect between prices and the underlying value of homes, as measured by their market rents, there’s the potential for a bubble. % [, _. r& P5 c F0 a( e# {- m
7 N' W, j6 x# ]8 SIf home prices are rising much faster than rents, as is true in Los Angeles, that’s a strong indication a bubble is forming.% }- m" W( O7 c V# \2 h
c/ X) B& B; {0 ^" zIf home prices are rising while average rents are falling -- which is the situation in San Francisco -- the bubble is pretty much unmistakable.
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Home P/E ratios for 9 metro areas
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Boston 20.5 30.2 + H' ~* W# x; L5 V: s
San Diego 22.8 29.7 9 B: j/ f2 t5 L( L
San Francisco 23.8 27.2 ; n9 O9 p% q* t5 c; l! W& ]
Los Angeles 21.3 25.6 & D! T! F7 K% L, e# R7 Y; M% Y+ @
Seattle 20.4 25
5 C1 n2 J& N) ^! Y$ lDenver 17.7 23.7 9 [+ T+ x2 q: ~! ]9 j4 U
New York 21.2 22.5
! d7 |6 Z$ j% }! Y1 t, K0 |7 NChicago 17.2 20.8 1 H4 E! e4 T& [4 X, d3 A! h- |$ C
Washington, D.C. 17.1 20.4
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It's difficult to compare P/Es from one city with those from another. P/Es in Atlantic City, N.J., have wavered between 17.3 and 11.6 since 1988; in San Diego, P/Es have not dropped below 20. But you can look on the P/E as a measure of risk -- that is, the higher the P/E is above its average level, the greater the risk, no matter where you live.( u2 `8 R1 \ F+ v+ D, f( G: q
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From: http://moneycentral.msn.com/cont ... ingguide/P37631.asp |
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