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谈英语俚语
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在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯
, z, y0 W9 H+ @+ D之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。4 k: |+ @( B4 @0 H2 h: H4 _* w( I
若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!
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6 H# o& J- Z c e(1) empty suit:3 T! Z2 F6 ~4 V. Y
指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。
/ ^4 n9 G; ~/ z7 \8 ]& ](这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。)
; @7 [. ]8 q5 n例如:( J" y& u$ M- I( ~1 V
An empty suit generally gets no attention from the public.
* F! Q& z8 C, o" R9 H$ K* e0 h(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。)
: l, J& r. Y1 G* M/ |/ GMr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit.6 b" T+ `; r9 o. h2 @% M; ^% N5 i1 L
(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。)
$ M" P7 }/ Z" i5 k) J! n1 a虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:
0 S* W. i% B6 G. c FThe company is filled with a lot of empty suits.9 } D& Y4 c( ]; [: Z- b1 l' L: X8 c
(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人); |6 Z# G1 M3 ]# m# F2 O
(2) fair-haired boy: g8 Q2 d* U1 P: K
指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man)
, |0 e( J4 o/ x: s# {. ?% l L k! g(通常用单数,当名词用)
6 t1 F1 \8 |! d- D+ \& W- n' A5 V1 t例如:; K. n R+ p3 z0 H% _6 M
Mr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent.
8 n4 m$ y* Y9 s; b( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。)
8 ]9 I5 h* R" I }# a. [Not being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.
# s, c# S4 Z" }0 M5 l" A(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。)! M: v8 h3 J9 Q: l
有时也可用复数:
% j+ D: m: Y: q; }& qMr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet.: T- x4 C9 O1 }5 j& g
(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。)
1 F& _+ Z0 B! @/ o, JFair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses.5 c: i. ?3 r/ t" N. m! @8 h
(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)
0 g$ L0 D& I/ t& o, X, U(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法)
' Z {/ P9 T. l4 U, z2 f- G2 E: `(3) fishing expedition: m1 W4 R6 U8 X1 {3 ?6 y5 e
为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information)/ c0 [0 y1 k6 d8 ]: a1 s9 Y
(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数)
8 M. V" n5 l8 F% w+ j9 X2 f例如:: x: f' M6 `2 ^) s4 C7 f9 I
The judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.
+ W+ X' F( p' W& | I; u(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。)
9 [6 u+ E) d! N$ H# g- i" |The police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case.7 I+ [* a7 g- J% E( P
(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。)
! I; F. d, l2 }+ b5 y0 F3 a(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict)7 u4 c& [2 O B3 V( x) k9 a5 Y
The reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War.
6 s. ?' H8 E! F% R" t$ ^(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。)6 P6 p; a! N9 L3 X* `! c
偶尔也有人用复数:
. F7 h: c9 Z% F' h" x' oSeveral fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office.
/ {) l7 H/ u+ s9 S* P(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。)( _0 J/ a+ M* a/ m: M
(4) filthy rich:
" \: x7 I# u4 c/ ]8 E6 O# l意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy). O) c- e v' N$ |, t) {
(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)
. @/ @" j w; n多半当形容词用。例如:
6 _/ _" ?! c/ z- jWith a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich.9 _2 {4 n: k q, C }
( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。)
* X* |2 y' J( D1 Y# G" yDespite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.- H" b# z: t6 W# g/ r
(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。)9 S# R( E: w2 e
A filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.
# v! ~/ A' o6 P3 e* ^+ s(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)
* `) B' m' u4 H; K5 l4 `: ^- lFilthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.+ b( u4 Z T+ J7 m
(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。)
, }, G" p8 E) w! c/ G(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)) n% m. K: i1 v. S6 U
(5) fairy godmother:
?! f9 M# H4 i1 _1 X$ v! I1 [指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance)0 R, B4 Z. g% }
(多半指有钱的女人)$ \' }) U- h% J8 a, E5 ~3 |$ P4 O
(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:
8 m! O4 V8 J) Q( LMr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars.
& A$ k b9 _, L" z( d: J& y(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。)6 D$ Y, a5 v9 v+ b- y
After lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother. N1 v/ h+ r$ z; M4 r ]
(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。)8 [- x% K* e: O2 E8 P
有时也用复数:
~* N9 h; |# G7 D' kOnly business women can act as fairy godmothers.! W5 A3 O6 Z {- A
(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。)
! V( u5 V. E+ @7 e6 z7 s" \7 FIn Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.
" i) W! Z8 x2 b( F/ U8 N; Q: Y(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)! O8 e/ R2 t+ D) q' B
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6)eye opener:
) `; T! }0 u6 X0 F& F( u指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion): Y: n2 M/ y9 m+ y
(当名词用;通常只用单数)
~0 o) O( d. \3 Y& b+ c# K5 A例如:
: h1 v8 _; k+ Y& ?2 V$ |! f8 \Your wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters.
3 a+ V" \% t+ `(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。)3 A$ ?0 F8 L1 S8 B+ t
Mr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener.
9 _. h4 w, A/ G3 ^(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。): n' b! c: K2 b: K
The popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants.( Z- z& F' o5 E5 Z/ \ Q
(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。)
8 n& l U$ @2 PSome American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people.
) ?0 c3 ^/ J& @: u" q$ W(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。)9 b, R2 B) j7 s8 s. A/ R
(7) hot dog:( C: a! v% p- ?; i3 G# |
指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用)
+ X$ b/ j, [8 G4 ?1 S: t1 ?. r5 e例如:
. F0 D# {, o" H$ [& USome young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.) `. I) n4 O! u! e: B$ J
(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。)
3 H i& b9 w( u3 ?(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers)1 n0 p. K2 V# A# h4 c: H. P
In front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog.
1 f6 U: ]' k, w# Q) [5 X# I(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。)5 g0 r- `; |4 l' V' {# C7 L
(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging)
& R7 \7 ~+ J j! A4 ZDuring the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.2 {$ V! [( L2 |4 B% i3 u. ^
(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。)
) C% O6 l1 U% I/ F* n也指真正的热狗食物:
2 U4 ?" L+ z2 ?The hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S., s% a% b8 r7 L; b7 G: i
(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。)7 P' C: `2 l1 f& P- e
也可表达欣赏的心情:5 M. c, Q f2 D6 y3 D; p7 r
Hot dog ! What great news for me.
. F- u2 g4 m* H3 _- K5 E" p$ \(真棒!对我来说是好消息。)
( O/ C9 |' M: v; B, m# [# j2 B(8)eager beaver:
2 f; `9 N$ b5 L4 y指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others)
$ t! a# G$ g* I3 O" c7 t& c6 c(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。)9 R" \4 R3 Q3 i5 @8 u
(当名词用,可指男女)' X# w3 \" T0 o1 Y, i& m. B1 q; F
例如:
# ?. n' D8 L5 T; L7 A) V YJohn seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late. ?( K6 j! }( [
(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。)
' V% I) \1 n+ wBeing an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.: e6 }0 W3 O% q3 v
(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)( x. x7 J4 `3 [. g/ M9 @6 \
Does Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?
1 U- G [+ B- Z1 E6 I(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?)
( B% f; U p0 vYou may find some eager beavers in any organizations.; n) y: l6 R# B" o1 Q/ q
(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。)
! u5 N0 ]3 ]+ T' {8 A% P(9)doubting Thomas:
/ M2 c' E+ ]. v- ^% S这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others)' Q- T m" V, p9 h) `6 d R
(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活)
6 ~" j9 x6 }6 E1 [9 T# I! m& }" _: q2 \(当名词用)
0 @+ V7 J0 k4 z4 \8 U; m例如:0 P& A1 e- S/ c# c' e
I am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise.* D% H8 f- ^( q: ]& {
(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。)
1 B [, ~1 T- A6 f% R. t7 h- GThere must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas.& P8 F- J* y! ~$ z
(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。)' e) \5 \. ^$ h# U
也可用复数:2 H* o7 u4 ]$ p& ~/ r
My friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.
& Z l; ~/ U4 F2 b5 {, U(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。)+ E; j# R: g) A9 E: v" f# o1 M
If there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another.
" |2 w1 U2 U9 I5 [, g(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)
) r& w. v P' C2 k2 q(10)dragon lady:' i% x0 [* v' m$ R( J& H
指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用)) X# ~8 n: M( n1 m3 P- O! L
例如:- T; p; i" i0 x3 _' ~. \4 n1 X
The chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.
a- A# [1 v/ u3 r6 f(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。)
4 S( J- K% F1 G7 GI am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady.
) ~4 F1 t, b5 W" K(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。)
$ |2 `4 t1 ]3 }$ E8 k5 MShould your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?: \5 J7 T0 p1 e; G4 R
(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?)6 D! \& T% x9 N; K6 ^5 U' b7 c
也可用复数:
" n* J2 \- z& o) `& j6 zThere may be many dragon ladies in our community." m; m/ F0 G5 X( Y* \; N
(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。), E- ]4 J% P6 Y. g. q- }0 b
注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表 |
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