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谈英语俚语

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发表于 2006-11-26 05:56 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
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谈英语俚语8 w* L/ j1 p, m
5 o+ i: T+ J) w6 @1 j! ~, I

7 n" @* F9 k. g* K在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯/ B! t; Q6 c5 f
之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。, e$ P& ^7 ~: G* l% t1 F9 Z$ M
若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!* A) T6 X! M' j2 A2 ^  C1 K3 |

- t( P' y- a* ~8 r0 N(1) empty suit:! o' J1 [. q% T4 A7 l% X
指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。
3 o( \5 }. u- ?/ T& P" ~4 N9 L(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。)6 o  Z# w1 J9 \; W
例如:
1 X% @; `8 c  \  V  zAn empty suit generally gets no attention from the public.
( a, w& V2 [$ W3 [1 }$ L- ?(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。)2 k/ F# Z; Y0 G1 ?
Mr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit., k% w  q0 ~: ~
(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。)
# n; W2 R+ ?4 N5 m( |" F3 z虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:
  I% d. ]) a+ T. kThe company is filled with a lot of empty suits., I2 K. q4 l# p+ I9 x% }$ \
(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人)
9 e3 P/ _/ j2 i(2) fair-haired boy:
, x9 G& A+ X: a1 a7 \) Q4 }指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man)$ O5 e' [! q, g5 X! _2 x+ `
(通常用单数,当名词用)
/ [6 O. }+ U) U例如:
( g7 m/ U5 {8 r, RMr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent.0 E6 h  s/ }" e1 ~6 k2 H0 B
( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。)/ D$ j+ p9 k. z6 l" M
Not being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.
. T, g. z( w; U% ]- h0 k# M8 F. p(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。)
: g$ |' D6 K( }! h有时也可用复数:+ z6 @% l4 Z# d) m, Y# P$ {. }
Mr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet.: V; U2 K# O" D! g
(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。); u) ^; ], k& c# n. [% I; P
Fair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses.! c! h7 Q3 M1 X+ a! [2 A0 O( R0 ~
(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)4 Y7 ]0 Y0 ^6 T; G  O6 G" G- ?
(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法)
, E0 ^) D2 b/ h4 F% j, k(3) fishing expedition:( ?5 ^3 v6 _, L/ w/ r
为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information)1 ^: l4 F+ k2 F! C# U7 w  L( n
(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数)3 i2 M- D" S( B8 h
例如:
& z/ D4 g0 |  jThe judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.
  E6 _1 H% d1 p7 x/ Z* x(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。)* y7 h7 e" |, }1 d
The police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case.
) t* j- E9 {: G1 ~% l(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。)
6 P* h( G" {- [(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict)4 w6 _6 @. l2 t2 m4 }' _
The reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War.
+ s! f0 s- h4 d' ~(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。)
# d; N0 D2 @) E+ J# h偶尔也有人用复数:1 h. s1 j& d( e3 f
Several fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office.
5 R5 h  W. s7 M4 |8 ~8 F(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。)& z0 H# m- ~: k' h2 V- K3 I
(4) filthy rich:" ~* W. \6 f. `0 v) C7 X
意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy)
) v1 r/ K' d; v# R5 b( w(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)  }# x2 Q- @8 L# c% a
多半当形容词用。例如:
3 I2 J  ?- ~( yWith a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich.8 ~9 o" u6 h: m
( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。). z5 \! X6 g1 s8 q
Despite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.* x8 y: e1 l1 p4 _1 T- H6 p* }( R
(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。)
+ ]* Z  w4 @9 h5 H( Y& VA filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.
8 A+ F, V4 P- Z. w9 I' s(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)
( L$ \+ a* S; Z) bFilthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.
. M% S- J2 k, [(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。); T  d5 R) p* X" Q/ u1 W
(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)( t3 S1 a- r& R# C$ k
(5) fairy godmother:7 m% M. X- e4 m* m4 F+ d
指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance)
5 }5 |+ n. S& e. i; w! I4 I(多半指有钱的女人)
! p* p& J' _5 V$ ?(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:
3 Q/ t  e3 k5 c: m) S9 G& l* ZMr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars.; I  ^5 O% a" r
(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。): J: E4 j0 u% E* e0 k3 S& K" G! v
After lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother.
/ K( P; h/ r1 o) l. A1 I(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。). D0 Z, o8 l" H8 y7 D
有时也用复数:9 R) `5 h8 C+ i6 K
Only business women can act as fairy godmothers.
* I; L8 H5 @1 K' ]0 d& j0 q(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。)- V8 S. C5 x* S* U/ y0 E. l* R: K
In Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.
2 j+ s+ @2 i& n4 U( p% R(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)4 s( r1 b, X/ b+ z7 S
0 Q8 o+ I0 e7 u$ h

! W0 R5 J( g) }# w4 T. A: A# v6)eye opener:
2 b! a: {3 W' M9 I" O' r$ U指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion)4 y; I+ g( i. @# g, p( U
(当名词用;通常只用单数)
0 T9 l% ~! E+ w例如:* ~9 p+ u; K# h# D/ n, O+ |7 A
Your wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters.7 E. p% w8 @7 q* Y( I6 J
(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。)1 W. q7 ~1 q( o" w+ J; j) O! k
Mr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener.2 D/ J. c% W( v' e2 A. t# V( j
(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。)% _+ ~' V3 h' R3 I
The popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants.
) a- L$ i" T# M(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。)  k) p" r9 m- t$ B+ U1 T7 V4 K
Some American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people.: z3 [+ R/ O" z& m) I: j
(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。)
$ b/ I1 O: `) i) s; a(7) hot dog:
& L* \& \, K/ i指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用), U9 S( B, S9 Q, U0 ~9 F
例如:3 E; G( o+ U: Q, h: l
Some young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.! E+ S( M. }3 [: E3 l# ~; u
(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。)
. w$ e) }; b4 Z$ k1 _3 h2 o2 K& k(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers)$ u. V  b: E1 T! `# |. X5 Q6 ?
In front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog.
' c& `$ h4 S8 }! _5 _* x(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。)
0 C3 M; q. T* e: }7 {3 _: A$ x(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging); m) l. B0 Y9 C, M
During the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.
5 k2 F# r5 \- ~# \(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。)) I2 I. P% w( O) J7 j; P
也指真正的热狗食物:. d, D" \, A: q. e! s9 z* Y
The hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.
# ]' q  b: l" d(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。)( }1 D9 s. k1 V! c- r  l# E
也可表达欣赏的心情:9 C/ y) s6 w6 M6 r" F! D
Hot dog ! What great news for me.
* L! x/ F- c; A! a' n(真棒!对我来说是好消息。)
  w. l5 [1 x7 z(8)eager beaver:
$ v3 }& N; J/ S/ d' H, p指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others)
5 R4 t' B3 ~1 n' `9 Z(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。)9 O  S3 N0 a# }5 b
(当名词用,可指男女)
0 c) @& w+ w- k# A: u4 i3 s例如:3 P: M" C& P( C. O+ _: Q
John seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late.
* Z# _& o- m6 X2 L(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。)
0 I) }- g. e3 j2 r& ]6 r! vBeing an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.: r4 ]: `- w! x$ [7 W: q9 j. }
(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)4 S6 p& _8 I/ Q5 {) }% R
Does Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?
- h3 b2 t% Y; N+ D" l4 I6 m(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?), U: y. q+ {; l- ^
You may find some eager beavers in any organizations.
: S+ M  M6 x. h/ p* \(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。)# {1 a1 W, k8 [4 v- w, L) z( d# v
(9)doubting Thomas:& e* r6 b1 ^. z. O" G* F, z: [
这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others)
3 f% q+ s: N+ y' P) y' M) |0 p(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活)/ M/ ~. b1 J) `: H# Z, i
(当名词用)
$ H) @& p" [& F; e5 N: s2 G例如:, n0 Q( I. H9 Y: Q4 W0 `7 o
I am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise.
  R6 q7 L9 a. q# S/ {(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。)
9 \+ {) Z- v5 d/ s! n5 t5 `There must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas.* Z% g; Z: ~0 c2 H* C# a3 |2 q
(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。)
+ ~+ B5 p" t7 H3 l也可用复数:
! x. P' X- Z. U7 o+ E8 G1 m5 ?* BMy friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.( E' O% D, J0 {4 @* F- `/ d
(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。)
# y" R5 I* V  b+ qIf there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another.$ `4 ^9 g. T, J6 G! P# [- g9 H+ L0 \( ~
(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)
1 K" i% A# {0 c& e: m( H- m% |(10)dragon lady:7 D& n6 r9 m# b+ v* O! q  _5 y
指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用)
+ D& b3 G  }$ U4 S6 D例如:
/ |6 Z! y. j6 A/ ?+ o: z4 O$ uThe chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.
# l% A4 C1 I, A( V(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。)
0 ^! N$ g1 K- F  c4 xI am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady.
; v9 V3 J* x/ v. b(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。)
9 g) v4 E  O( yShould your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?4 X* @. W1 Z! r% J. e
(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?)
$ `$ }2 l: u  ~也可用复数:4 G7 P! J* ]! a+ o$ U
There may be many dragon ladies in our community.. g3 i8 T3 X3 g# Z8 U9 y
(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。)
$ z: o2 W( ], s* a注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表
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发表于 2006-11-26 22:31 | 显示全部楼层
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