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谈英语俚语
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+ d. {+ w4 w$ s$ J在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯
7 b2 w9 V0 B9 J/ _之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。
% r) X5 r$ e. F" Z' b- O若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!
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& o! j7 A+ r4 i9 k. q; ^5 H(1) empty suit:
* k2 C. r& H/ |8 {" z; f a指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。6 P& o& C1 a' ]7 M% v+ e4 A3 S
(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。)9 ~8 X+ i* }7 p c1 T' }" Z
例如:
8 l; b2 {' a0 k1 {, WAn empty suit generally gets no attention from the public.
' d% p6 @# {0 z9 p- _+ ]( I3 R' u(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。)
, W' W3 A% l! J( cMr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit.; U. s/ x5 [/ E3 m7 \, Y8 R+ [1 @! }
(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。)' q6 x4 Q4 P, r
虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:
4 {8 K, Y, I' [$ o% h5 sThe company is filled with a lot of empty suits.- d6 e8 |9 G5 g0 k' ~
(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人)6 [" B* ]! U; g( F3 x
(2) fair-haired boy: _5 X/ @+ S, Q) y) U
指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man)/ V1 |) q ~: M9 u9 ?, {) [- q
(通常用单数,当名词用)1 g; I' p: r' T8 l& r0 p) Q6 h1 T& W& c
例如:! k9 f8 D) Z5 ]
Mr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent.
; R/ m/ v: a! R& N( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。)
# T) N& j3 v) I$ W: K9 J! C- TNot being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.
- W/ E3 O( ?7 P(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。)
0 J# y! H& z& A有时也可用复数:' e, @( G8 a2 e+ t/ }: F. m \
Mr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet.
6 |3 y. P& ~3 w+ v4 j: E(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。)9 ]/ }1 h2 s. i8 n; Y' d
Fair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses.
% a3 N$ h; b% u7 Q(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)
) @$ o4 g4 v9 c5 D+ Q, u8 z(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法). G% M- w$ e) w
(3) fishing expedition:; i- e1 g \6 ?
为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information) }. `. M f7 d- |) I
(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数)3 m, T( ^2 I( R8 M' p6 d
例如:) j" a# i# w& ]1 W$ {+ t2 o3 U
The judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.
) u+ f9 z7 d! v! R* D# t(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。)8 _& f, C/ o6 y2 [, o6 e4 n7 `
The police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case.
( l& S M- c6 |/ k% ?# y(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。), l; K* n6 O s2 a
(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict)
$ A# G# R, o1 L; d; TThe reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War.' @# s8 H+ f1 g1 L- B5 s
(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。)
: Y2 U& j# B2 a0 g! `偶尔也有人用复数:
* S5 ?0 F8 b1 ISeveral fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office.
8 g7 }$ z% i& `1 z8 `6 i j(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。)
( j3 D# G( {/ M$ ^! V ^(4) filthy rich:
. e9 u2 {" L5 r1 d% m f. Y% t; V意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy)
T5 m6 s7 P8 w/ N( N6 k(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)
" n+ ~2 z/ A3 {0 |# q2 r多半当形容词用。例如:
/ f# s* J/ i0 k8 EWith a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich.
& |; Y" _5 b8 A9 I( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。)+ T' r2 J9 c# D6 J4 b
Despite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.8 Z# t) l) Q4 t- i
(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。)
. G6 i9 i: j4 h! q6 v1 |, uA filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.
% |/ L; }( G/ z(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)
8 G) X- N7 q+ l5 Z3 o1 S. e wFilthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.2 E/ f$ {/ a0 }1 d5 _
(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。)
. S/ R, M0 {* g7 L(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)
8 L0 u M9 X/ e1 D' Q2 @; z9 t(5) fairy godmother:, F) h* e$ _2 q/ y
指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance)- l/ Y& t* ~; Q0 ?
(多半指有钱的女人)3 Q. M- C9 i1 ?+ ~6 R n
(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:9 R0 Y: S; r; Y% y
Mr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars." I( V! b. f# q6 e1 z5 l2 r9 a
(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。)
' D8 i! S) u9 u- J$ ?, JAfter lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother.
. { }* e5 f: z: ^(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。)
; O( `( n0 G4 ]* w9 }% e有时也用复数:( I& m6 L2 T) C+ l! ?" T: C
Only business women can act as fairy godmothers.* X+ g# i' }9 U; j" j
(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。)
9 l/ w+ a$ Z$ z) [( @3 QIn Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.
2 s8 Y% o1 N( P$ s: [4 _ g(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)
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- \# l# e6 {8 @* u; s8 y6)eye opener:" ^8 H/ h+ k; C& r$ R' j
指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion)
3 Q: w" ^+ [8 w(当名词用;通常只用单数)2 G+ H: G' ?- J
例如:
4 C) ]8 Y3 \- I4 d/ R6 r- R8 z DYour wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters.! G$ ^0 p" x: G S7 ?. N
(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。)* z+ X5 v+ {7 t" c$ V* J9 h
Mr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener.; b; H8 {9 L5 ?; ?+ v
(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。)
0 i' L5 h) T% I' |" T) CThe popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants.
) w0 x; H ?) ]6 X) y(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。)
1 _' {" _4 a* C q& y& mSome American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people. G; {2 o3 C# }
(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。)
; G) j- ^ x/ Z9 `3 j(7) hot dog:8 E1 B8 j: r& S* _2 U* E8 }2 N: J
指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用)9 s# L- H" j0 I2 d: I, A$ _% W
例如:+ R o: v4 R1 k7 o9 s0 }8 m
Some young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.
, [% \. j5 m5 H- ?(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。)8 ~6 s: n4 @1 ^2 }. \' r8 x! o
(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers)
0 ?' K+ U& u* a8 e4 MIn front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog.0 E3 J* B$ ~0 [
(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。)% F. J' {/ k) ]3 L2 s% l ^( Z
(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging)
% V! ^* r& Z0 a. R1 h5 p! \, NDuring the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.
# p) C- v5 ?3 s5 {3 s) s(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。)( {' W$ z: ^2 d1 M# l( J
也指真正的热狗食物:
+ w& b/ `3 [; |5 g+ QThe hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S./ f6 T0 | d; o% h2 p1 S/ ~- H
(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。)
) ?/ n# x3 Y" C. a+ n4 o8 q也可表达欣赏的心情:
3 ~5 @2 ^4 z! \# d1 w/ S; G* b" n; _Hot dog ! What great news for me.: J1 W/ w- X! M- F$ M
(真棒!对我来说是好消息。)( x( b, Z" r4 \# R8 R
(8)eager beaver:
5 W& t+ \2 v( e; E) f指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others)9 N. x% T: S1 m& C
(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。)! s/ z& p" m- F* m- @( {1 g4 D
(当名词用,可指男女)( q2 ]* }* w- j" j4 g
例如:
- Y3 }9 p" l' n4 u) b; m5 ZJohn seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late.
' B7 R3 `; G& c& `(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。)
$ q F& R8 M, M1 `Being an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.- X- n& k* [& ]5 L; P. Q
(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)
$ \0 |& g& B' L# O1 S: j: b% H2 nDoes Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?
0 |8 ^9 v0 ~" g, r5 u' I! n' g: f" d(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?)
; F+ X E; N y6 V SYou may find some eager beavers in any organizations.
6 R& L* ~5 D3 w6 m' y$ A(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。)2 l# }- m; ]1 y( r+ a
(9)doubting Thomas:" R4 H; D) u) \- h8 d2 q
这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others)7 E! \$ @8 O8 c# j2 `& E7 T% {9 T
(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活)8 q3 F/ }3 C; r% e9 J: H
(当名词用)
0 o; O- t0 h4 H: |: k$ Z例如:2 b2 c5 ~; N7 E" q6 i! [; }
I am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise./ E; U" G/ r' b; a ~
(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。)4 P( o2 s% O- ?) `% d+ E) g6 W
There must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas.# z) u& i* g" M2 D
(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。)3 E# q: b" z7 i- D( a
也可用复数:' O: e; S1 j0 H* P- _; P" D6 R$ y
My friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.& I0 |4 Z9 M+ ?5 r; A$ u) h$ C
(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。)
. @2 Q5 H; t3 {$ E6 `If there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another.$ [1 q {' z$ v
(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)9 d" e) f% W, ?& k5 ?1 D9 L6 E2 o
(10)dragon lady:) U* E: T2 Q! {% S$ |
指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用)
& C2 P3 B/ i7 g* S# C8 I8 K0 G例如:
& j5 a& J" }. v, V( UThe chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.) {8 q0 G7 E( ^3 r- J& c. X
(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。)
! |6 R2 A c3 t. h4 ^) FI am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady.2 A4 d p7 E5 T- d/ ]
(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。)8 b, L$ d/ z$ O( X0 k; ]/ G
Should your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?
Q: x, L6 s# K- x: D! ?$ R7 h(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?)
1 X. m" r& M4 n5 \也可用复数:: D3 H$ _! n# d+ E
There may be many dragon ladies in our community.
8 |' ^& Q6 J5 \(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。)5 a, ~4 T9 J; ~; ]$ x
注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表 |
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