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谈英语俚语! Z2 a1 r" v: c1 \
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在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯
9 b& a% Q# D3 i8 N0 F1 b之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。
4 ]1 N2 @; w: y$ Z* V* }若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!
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(1) empty suit:
/ D, Q9 N" D+ e/ {" y+ K# l4 H指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。
3 b: o9 a/ v6 t! Q(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。)
) _/ {" U; u8 m例如:
2 @5 _' d, z, ^0 c# XAn empty suit generally gets no attention from the public.
+ T, k M7 S. U! P2 \% M; i) r(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。)3 b7 ]% v* _! r
Mr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit.
. H7 s( I7 ^# q6 r(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。)1 w' Z. }, S8 r" H6 R% r7 }! i
虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:& c c1 s: G1 h; m6 @0 m
The company is filled with a lot of empty suits.6 E+ Z5 M+ W" I! [" u I4 t& N
(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人)( J9 J+ `6 ]* s/ }) w) {; j2 g
(2) fair-haired boy:
: K% D, @6 i/ I指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man)
6 Z, A! X2 _5 c! F(通常用单数,当名词用)
0 k4 H( }3 y5 i4 l3 U; V例如:
, v" N2 K( \9 c K) WMr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent.* _+ d" H" ?& n+ P! C. e3 x H
( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。)5 P$ O$ }# l6 G/ P
Not being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.7 m* {! C6 U/ Q
(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。)
* e/ P8 e: ?# A0 B5 {7 F( ~ t有时也可用复数:
G' X, ?; v3 C9 I$ K5 i; ~Mr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet.7 c7 y9 c" W c
(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。)
% w- \5 C6 b* _0 ^( IFair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses.
% Z6 R) m- J+ f7 B- n(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)0 W0 }0 d! [1 S0 q( M
(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法)% k |( v, T0 I r! k5 ~
(3) fishing expedition:: K/ l- ]/ y, |4 t, B
为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information)
M. E c# e4 ~# v(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数)4 t- k1 c1 Q( a" t4 u y' w
例如:
9 ^0 P+ W" V- _ q. `) `The judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.
1 x- e5 d* b' h9 n# A- k5 s(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。); S+ `- u/ _( e) l. |5 i! \
The police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case.- b+ u" @3 H" F# g5 o
(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。)( _ y5 p7 k$ h) v: f; p, h1 z
(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict)+ Q I" ^+ t' c7 a: i& `2 s
The reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War.+ O1 R: X1 l: e" J- f
(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。)
# V' O0 g- d* ^+ \0 w偶尔也有人用复数:9 {) G: v" z/ B: i+ a
Several fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office.
9 ?7 b5 |* K; A. ~3 j$ M. H: M! c) A2 U5 c(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。)+ q! ]* t1 X8 L# D* T* h- n
(4) filthy rich:/ o: e. l! W; e0 _; B
意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy)4 G8 ]. m1 { |3 e9 L3 O
(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)5 J6 p. X0 g. S U& Q0 C
多半当形容词用。例如:$ N! N& t" Z8 L6 ]
With a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich.+ @3 z1 B6 ~! t# h2 j- V4 X. q
( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。)* p0 Y" f) {4 l ^
Despite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.
4 `+ X1 Y+ o5 G* H7 B; r: T- B(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。)1 j" V. w/ F. u% E
A filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others./ H" A6 z5 }- f3 t0 \7 N
(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)9 ]8 Q3 F/ s) \; t/ P
Filthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.
6 ^* X+ Q0 s& s9 L* E' F(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。)
8 s. X# x8 I( g- H: u, M9 s(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)" @7 B7 `7 u1 q& k
(5) fairy godmother:: p2 x4 f% g6 w Y5 c- M1 z# H6 b
指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance)
! m9 V; Q6 x% r6 H: u, I; i4 {(多半指有钱的女人)
7 j9 L( d# N) ~( i, s3 y. p(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:
& j" o0 x8 x3 T! Y5 QMr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars.
* n. u0 q' `$ R' @$ ?- I% y(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。)
4 E m4 j. g. L8 D" t" zAfter lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother.
1 q8 N; t* u. O4 Z7 l, @/ X(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。)
( J4 E& u0 ~2 b. q6 Z+ ]有时也用复数:
9 \! o H9 K. vOnly business women can act as fairy godmothers.
. M9 b3 w2 N- o f3 \/ M: z2 R(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。)( u+ e9 e! r& O$ S% U' S1 `
In Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.
2 A7 M% }- t4 i(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)
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# {4 }- ]8 l/ G6 g6)eye opener:
o# p a+ W4 n# X$ V7 o指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion)& U1 J; r/ T1 ] @: \: h
(当名词用;通常只用单数)8 [3 i; j, N2 ~6 k! y5 O
例如:
1 g9 h% j8 A- X1 m, a* c7 S( @Your wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters.5 t' h0 S: k4 [" K4 H, z1 b
(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。)
4 \4 |6 c5 f. S7 GMr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener.$ I9 ], S# Q$ n
(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。)/ V- t+ o- }) {
The popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants.
& k) U+ t7 i$ o/ R- ~* m(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。)
8 T$ q4 }' s$ m% ~1 ^) HSome American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people.& G& L0 z" F9 @5 ?
(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。)
- B9 e1 |% G. K* I; R(7) hot dog:% b) X: W' b: B; i w' [2 p
指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用)
- ?; z* F Q% e: e/ ~+ v例如:$ Y8 e) r1 a* o1 {; L- S6 ]
Some young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.
8 A9 W( C; s4 v' f; C6 q4 U(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。)
+ P4 Z8 S& s, M- Z( U(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers)3 T Z. [. K) p
In front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog.
, V7 i6 L$ M1 f# ^% G(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。)
3 I( l7 v# y5 K- j, M3 _; @(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging)
2 w3 }, T& b8 oDuring the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.7 M e" b9 }, \/ |+ D% v
(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。)
1 F& W( P* Y# ]) ]. b* n5 @也指真正的热狗食物:
8 g- O8 b6 N! n8 b: g2 ?) C; m g6 JThe hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.
' o- w* v9 Y; U# A' }8 U9 C/ ]5 n(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。)% I8 x4 F ]$ t
也可表达欣赏的心情:
0 b, {0 Z6 s# N/ Y: \Hot dog ! What great news for me.5 Q, Q6 ~0 \" e
(真棒!对我来说是好消息。)
/ o' J2 l9 W- r) X$ L3 F2 @$ [$ H(8)eager beaver:
' I" Z1 N. e, Z( I/ o指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others)2 U1 G) K2 C8 ?4 ~8 n4 R
(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。), Z$ B' r$ t0 u2 u
(当名词用,可指男女)
& A0 W6 Q, u7 U- g! h! i例如:
u6 {8 A' w1 {* |; x' ]" N( LJohn seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late.% e+ y5 T8 [0 O" e l+ e8 k
(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。)
) { b) `7 z% C" k; RBeing an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.& w, l2 @: x3 u
(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)
! D: d& E* o1 RDoes Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?2 J m2 H3 f" l
(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?)' x" d" A5 q+ i6 v! {! i
You may find some eager beavers in any organizations.$ [$ g8 b( \0 P" E/ H! }# s6 G
(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。)
6 @3 @% Y4 m1 [9 Y; _(9)doubting Thomas:3 R" T/ Y# h/ d' f9 |# I9 J) ]
这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others)) Q2 `+ ?! ^+ L# u
(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活)
. a# z# i$ p9 l: _(当名词用)
8 J& K: [! _6 d5 Y) O! K* F例如:
- R, i, T( k& f! Q/ `5 WI am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise.
7 o# T$ s: P0 f& |0 D(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。)
( p1 X- m) k, p8 j( B+ L. r8 J; L( [7 v# tThere must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas.# K8 R5 ~% b$ Z7 Z
(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。)* {! P& ~& n& ?' A- M( L5 p) G
也可用复数:% T& h; L" q( I0 I- B
My friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.
7 ` a- H- v0 q; U(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。)9 \$ a6 Y5 n! G9 f( V
If there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another.
+ G+ V& q# U- J8 \# i$ l: z3 o% ]/ m(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)- u) D8 c; I% x/ e2 |. m- ~' g
(10)dragon lady:
. W# U6 l3 _- j$ [4 f指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用)6 i; ^" Y4 r' |% L$ }
例如:. `# G: R: k8 H' U- y; R
The chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.9 j% @/ W/ M1 \' h& C# I, ?
(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。)
" a8 \! n" M9 SI am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady.
- I* L4 g# S2 b% D: i+ G E(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。)
# y0 {4 ?( n2 FShould your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?! l( B2 C4 U( {; N3 L0 @
(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?)' |( F4 w# \: Y5 N" x( t2 D& r4 H9 h
也可用复数:! H) I. _7 V. n( \
There may be many dragon ladies in our community.
0 w: O% Q V5 `(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。)" s# K$ G: z# o; h; W0 @& Y
注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表 |
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