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Accounting system 会计系统 0 R E A7 o8 \
American Accounting Association 美国会计协会 2 L$ i5 t/ }) O% \/ l( j
American Institute of CPAs 美国注册会计师协会 ^& h8 L# X* F" Z+ Z& Z
Audit 审计
( L+ R! P$ Y+ f: n7 O' P/ h3 b# K. X0 sBalance sheet 资产负债表
5 a1 e! o4 C8 x1 ?& @Bookkeepking 簿记
, g' n! d+ L6 Y9 e J: }Cash flow prospects 现金流量预测
8 y. ~; F" q/ MCertificate in Internal Auditing 内部审计证书
2 o% v2 A$ Z/ `7 n6 J) ?. }2 XCertificate in Management Accounting 管理会计证书
# U& k: ?- o6 ]9 O- lCertificate Public Accountant注册会计师 $ F2 L* v9 Y4 Z4 x; ~0 ^4 x
Cost accounting 成本会计
# Q" y3 f+ [1 i4 KExternal users 外部使用者
$ { R5 t: U# ]Financial accounting 财务会计 2 f9 ]3 E, J, |- [# L/ b, a
Financial Accounting Standards Board 财务会计准则委员会
6 {9 a( ? v) z g- P2 u# DFinancial forecast 财务预测 ( i! x2 }4 b- W, D
Generally accepted accounting principles 公认会计原则 7 M& Y( ]7 f o# ?/ C8 K
General-purpose information 通用目的信息 " V. z( p: ]3 X" t
Government Accounting Office 政府会计办公室
& }% F# q; u0 d O/ K( [( C! WIncome statement 损益表 / m1 e" V% d0 s6 G- d5 M
Institute of Internal Auditors 内部审计师协会
( `* |% x F" j) k6 a3 s6 kInstitute of Management Accountants 管理会计师协会 - R+ m3 V ~, V) Q. ~. Y
Integrity 整合性
1 m3 o7 j% I+ d- n, E4 ~1 k% LInternal auditing 内部审计
* T3 W9 g; r+ e- ^/ U6 Q+ ?Internal control structure 内部控制结构 , ]6 L2 J3 f" w* }
Internal Revenue Service 国内收入署 , C" M1 P& t2 `
Internal users 内部使用者
0 g3 K, H5 ]. w) Q. E2 @9 [Management accounting 管理会计 + O" t$ a$ A, c5 S9 u) F
Return of investment 投资回报 + k/ o+ k) i+ l1 d: [. ?
Return on investment 投资报酬
7 ^/ X/ C6 ~0 y2 N3 i' z: X0 R% Z5 n$ zSecurities and Exchange Commission 证券交易委员会 ' q: V0 }! k* T( s1 z
Statement of cash flow 现金流量表 v+ m; Q3 W+ a6 E" ?! I% h
Statement of financial position 财务状况表 % W* v! Y3 Z/ I- o5 \
Tax accounting 税务会计
9 \% w& X: ]9 {: DAccounting equation 会计等式
6 C: c5 E5 s5 D" K @6 \& v2 EArticulation 勾稽关系 6 z8 ~7 P2 A. J! R$ Z. b
Assets 资产
" f, ^) w1 [" M6 i( ]1 P: jBusiness entity 企业个体
$ J% W& X2 m3 j! b+ FCapital stock 股本 - d3 m8 ?9 K7 _
Corporation 公司 4 X, p. z" @# t/ R+ {% ?
Cost principle 成本原则 / z7 ]3 ?2 L2 f" b3 h
Creditor 债权人 ; M) O' G2 }+ M- ^4 {3 w: {8 I3 ?
Deflation 通货紧缩 5 n4 P+ A( f$ t; E9 [ W) Q2 m
Disclosure 批露 , t1 n# W' e$ ]3 ?
Expenses 费用 6 S- t7 U4 L3 l* a
Financial statement 财务报表 J- S- G# w% ^, \" ?& E% v
Financial activities 筹资活动
- K$ i" t( [" ?! L9 HGoing-concern assumption 持续经营假设
( {1 X/ T% i* dInflation 通货膨涨 , I3 i" e q+ w9 P
Investing activities 投资活动
9 P' a, m- m1 G; W$ q0 ~( P5 @* ELiabilities 负债
6 w- R c( J2 S% N0 w5 E% |Negative cash flow 负现金流量 5 ~0 Z4 m- f% R y; O* _
Operating activities 经营活动 ) B2 @7 ^1 |/ ]% @2 }; Q
Owner's equity 所有者权益
9 `- U3 X* d1 T# K: n& i+ VPartnership 合伙企业
% u( U7 K, B) L0 zPositive cash flow 正现金流量 9 ^& A+ M( B! x5 W2 N/ ]
Retained earning 留存利润 0 }, I% O% A) H8 G
Revenue 收入
. V! F0 [1 U% d6 q: G" L- _6 RSole proprietorship 独资企业
4 @7 O n6 e# T& e$ {Solvency 清偿能力 ) D' E a$ \( ?, g$ Q3 I9 I
Stable-dollar assumption 稳定货币假设
+ d: E! M5 @. Q2 m+ G& j% U( oStockholders 股东
! r3 D6 ?% T- i; N4 D4 b. HStockholders' equity 股东权益
5 \) [& ?3 q1 O, lWindow dressing 门面粉饰 & [5 E; |& ^' e* q7 V
Account 帐户 ' B! A# z" d# p+ Z) r
& w" S0 [ f3 B- Z, Y) q2 ?- D2 m& q
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4 x$ ?, O G: [' {+ e4 B主营业务收入 Sales 2 w' Y A, q+ V' y( V- X, R
折扣与折让 Sales discount and allowance
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产品销售收入净额 NET SALES 3 g1 A" t2 }3 c0 a3 y- }0 A
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主营业务成本 Cost of sales
2 a3 \6 _( H$ ?4 s5 ~; \主营业务税金及附加 Sales tax
$ n" F7 Q3 _) l# Y' f* M . `- N$ }1 s- a. y, y
主营业务利润 GROSS PROFIT 2 q2 |# V6 n, \8 X% d* \) d
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其他业务利润 Other operating profit 7 c* f$ N; ?: d" C# a5 f) D3 R- F# v
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营业费用 Operating expenses 3 {9 ^" e2 T2 Z, G/ g
管理费用 General and administrative expenses - z) L! u M4 P9 f
财务费用 Financial expenses
' n) O* H0 S R7 e4 M9 J! O& e* l存货跌价损失 Loss on obsolete stocks * Z# b3 p9 n5 h% ?! O* E
. F5 ]$ m" V: p* {& U营业利润 OPERATING INCOME
3 s0 ]/ m' V( |& g3 d - K7 W0 [! i! h7 I' r
投资收益 Investment income
7 Z3 g4 Y3 C4 N" r补贴收入 Subsidy income
( A% h9 b' `$ j" l& Y营业外收入 Non-operating income
6 N' T x7 |" i/ i+ }# D* d1 x营业外支出 Non-operating expenses
% F: l# ~& M0 G) `9 s以前年度损益调整 Prior year's adjustment
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利润总额 INCOME FOR THE YEAR 6 I, Z. J. F% U1 ]& j/ i0 u
! [2 a' X8 A, ]- ~- N& M' ]所得税 Income tax
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本年净利润 NET INCOME FOR THE YEAR |
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