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Canada's housing market both vigorous and stable m5 Z, A* z! }
/ q/ m" i0 n, K' T- Country's market poised to show growth throughout 2006 -
0 q9 e5 E" H' I5 h% n4 R) e e- [% H7 z# J* J, d. ]
TORONTO, Sept. 28 /CNW/ - For most of Canada, the housing market
B$ Z; ?+ u8 @' Aexhibited moderate price increases and stable unit sales during the third3 s [3 ?& Z6 x: t1 q5 ^ } ^
quarter. Wide regional variances continued to be the dominant characteristic# `% s! s$ ?5 v( a, Y- p9 `
in the market, exemplified by frenzied levels of activity and double digit7 `( r7 U' W) c9 ]: ~& F z
price gains observed in the energy and commodity rich Western provinces, and
0 ]! r2 W& y# r$ \1 v4 y0 gmore reasonable sales volumes and moderate price appreciation in Ontario,
" P/ L5 J8 a; W vQuebec and Atlantic Canada, according to a report released today by Royal
' o1 p9 [/ {: b* pLePage Real Estate Services./ k f- T6 q, Z5 V5 k! [6 v6 A
5 Q' u0 Z( T# B) p, s
Nationally, market trends established through the first three quarters, h4 R) h% R& M- j* a$ x7 @) {
are forecast to continue for the remainder of the year. Robust economic
6 F# O+ K% F, w& b/ {conditions, low unemployment rates, modestly growing salaries and wages, and7 ], V, q( B1 U3 [. ~3 p; C3 q
sound consumer confidence contributed to the overall strength of the
x% Z8 |1 b& }! g- \residential real estate sector./ }: b6 v5 a' m. @* B' A$ Y4 H
- N5 ~/ B- j% D1 |1 P6 l" W! y Of the housing types surveyed, the highest average price appreciation9 D) s! y7 U$ x- I+ c
occurred in detached bungalows, which rose to $300,365 (+16.3%)
9 u- E, J/ B$ L: Ryear-over-year, followed by standard condominiums, which rose to $211,562
, h! P5 n6 v |/ f( @5 e# ]0 _, x- C& Q' L(+14.2%), and standard two-storey properties, which increased to $365,380: a+ t9 c) E' v4 h
(+13.2%).* o! ^& U7 z0 M: Q( Q, l
0 ]2 F& b) W( A8 @7 T3 y7 d; u) f# }3 e( U "Canada's sturdy housing market continued to demonstrate steady growth, D; H2 n- Y+ k2 z' v3 ?
during the third quarter. For all but the west, we have moved on from the3 c- S8 l4 l4 e& |& a% H9 x! c
frenzied expansion that characterized the first half of this decade, and are' Q9 a- i' Q1 z7 c# W
poised to show continued growth at a more moderate pace," said Phil Soper,
7 k1 [2 o- z( dpresident and chief executive officer, Royal LePage Real Estate Services.- B0 X6 A& Y; l" R9 s
"Gone is the sellers' market that we have lived with for some years. We8 y5 [7 u/ Q2 t" S& A% @
welcome the more reliable conditions that are characteristic of a healthy$ {2 S: E+ E9 t9 Y1 ~- I/ M* N# _8 b
balanced market."
& g9 k8 W, p. U# n4 {5 P8 S1 `# E: p' |: k- z
Despite the double-digit rise in average national house prices,
" S' H. c6 ^( Z) S/ D; Zconsiderable regional variances were exhibited again this quarter. The shift
; C5 d2 i2 ~6 `; `to balanced market conditions, which began in late 2005, has continued
/ t, H2 s. O7 r5 E, Ethroughout most of the Central and Eastern regions of the country. In the core
* e! H0 w- ?/ V% z0 lenergy producing western provinces, the combination of very high in-migration,
; @4 V( L7 U1 ]$ r; Cmanageable affordability, and a shortage of inventory has driven record! z8 s+ n; k X! ~2 F
breaking price appreciations.
6 E, ? C0 ^7 s6 l2 \& X7 X, u* M9 o# h. o( [* R
Echoing the second quarter and supported by Alberta's rapidly expanding( V! Z; _" K/ w; f
economy, Calgary and Edmonton led the charge of Canadian cities with the
9 s) v) P* h' U. S2 f3 v" r. Slargest house price appreciation in all housing types surveyed.6 s9 V; S/ H$ [2 K7 y* x* R
9 {% h9 z: o$ }. Y% l5 U) _; p
In Ottawa and Toronto, growth remained steady, supported by solid a! b- \) C" m
economic fundamentals, an increase in available inventory and strong consumer) p2 _- [6 z6 ]7 a
confidence. While the pace of price appreciation in Ontario leveled off
- Q. l6 z' d5 a1 X% `/ z `2 @7 Tslightly, the province's real estate market remains poised for modest growth.
/ L; V$ Q5 s8 Z* P" ]1 e4 j8 T& FIn Atlantic Canada, new housing and condominium construction offered buyers8 I$ S0 l/ [9 y# b1 x
greater selection at more competitive prices, resulting in a slower rate of6 h3 T- Z) n" m, |3 {4 e
price appreciation when compared with 2005.6 f7 p) V1 F- i. A
% K ^4 H, d7 |2 u While the pace of growth in Canada has slowed, the domestic housing7 c3 @# M8 P, t" N4 V! T
market is expected to outperform the American market. The economic and; b N4 @. j" E+ T# r
financial fundamentals driving the residential real estate sector in Canada1 H6 o) o" [" y3 V! B- m1 P; b9 p
are markedly different than those found in the United States.% K# U H& } m4 V& v4 H
: V( G; V" I! b+ f, V# }; e, I2 a
Added Soper: "Canada's housing market is likely to outperform the3 V$ B+ _* X8 p* Q
American market through 2007. A number of factors are working in Canada's
" N/ Q( L+ q* G! W: mfavour, including healthy personal and governmental debt levels, the
) N, k" ~2 v8 L( M' A& D: Zrelatively modest rise in interest rates in our country, and general8 Q( t7 w: M6 u) z f8 u5 S: G
affordability in our major cities. In addition, Americans are now seeing the1 ^( O# |$ K* X
downside of a tax system that encourages maximum homeowner leverage, and
p& L* Q t' @$ o4 q+ M' t- faggressive financial products such as zero- and negative-amortization
2 v7 ~, t4 P: O; q* k( Emortgages that work only in a high price growth environment."
. Q) ~: \- C: {( v% ^- V- L, Q6 c' X \' }" j
<<7 O/ w( Z& H U/ ?2 b# N
REGIONAL SUMMARIES
; o$ \1 k: a6 ~* ?1 g1 T; I >>' J" z; E; I: [5 V1 i9 x
2 h" v2 k- C( D+ d Balanced conditions continued to characterize the housing market in* e6 a# H+ C) j& h7 L
Halifax, as significantly higher inventory levels helped to moderate the rate
1 M8 p4 U- M- C& `9 k Y9 k$ d7 \of price appreciation. Buyers were increasingly choosy, taking more time
! T; e* `5 a& G6 {+ Q# h- i# q% X slooking for newer, low-maintenance properties that were not in need of5 \; [ }* A0 }1 ^. X0 E" L& l
renovations.
9 `3 m M1 `/ w: A$ x( ?+ y6 R: a9 c) a# ?$ ^4 `) M
The housing market in Moncton remained healthy and strong as a slight
; R" T8 q& B% w6 P& c8 _0 I* @increase in inventory helped to moderate the rate of price appreciation( K M2 t) `; n& y, B$ X5 c
compared to the same period in 2005. Activity was brisk throughout August and2 p f+ Z E& g. o
September and is expected to remain this way through the fourth quarter.
I; d* |4 W* k4 ]0 ~! ]+ O; H' B q+ l
The housing market in Saint John underwent its traditional summer
# ?# X/ w2 W8 y: g& Jslowdown in the third quarter, with activity picking up towards the end of the" c# f4 Y/ E: ]" Q
quarter. The local economy continued to thrive, as construction on a new
3 X F' b5 `% l/ c3 `% ^. ^8 A# M; E600,000 square-foot shopping area has begun, bringing several new box stores
3 L5 r6 d. @5 y3 uto the area. Buyers have begun seeking less expensive fixtures for their homes
, m% s3 s& M+ J7 ]9 kand are instead opting for more affordable housing options.
9 z, X' P# Y8 g7 ?; R/ P
' l" j! c7 e5 F: k, r In Charlottetown, the housing market started to move towards balanced2 e: T% u. X# y) [. Y
conditions, as some sellers had to begin to lower the asking prices on their
, d% ~( X% e. {homes to make them more competitive. Activity from out-of-town and US buyers
6 A; g1 F) j5 x/ ~, I( N. cwas down slightly compared to 2005, likely attributable to the strong Canadian; _" h& F5 z& ?' u
dollar. Inventory levels began to creep up in the third quarter, providing' \$ y' Y1 P5 H
buyers with more options when looking for a home.. y/ F9 `# i \% ^0 r
V; b+ O9 y) P: } Activity in St. John's slowed slightly in the third quarter, particularly! a1 W6 u6 D& s
among higher-priced properties, where there was a slight over-supply of homes
' q/ t% t- W% s. fpriced over $200,000. Listing periods have increased when compared with 2005,
& R3 [! ^' m$ H' |2 z5 I9 y. ias some of the pent-up demand that had characterized the market over the last4 B% o1 I; n6 _+ Y5 X. E& m `+ z
few years has been satisfied, resulting in more normal, balanced conditions.7 `0 ~; \) o% v% R S: l! Q0 P
: z O: Q1 L; D( n6 ~* E
Montreal's housing market recorded modest increases in average house
8 x3 n9 Z2 L7 k( W: I1 ~prices, due to a slight seasonal slowdown in the third quarter as inventory
7 n1 _: `/ R [1 `/ |levels rose. Part of this can be attributed to the fact that many renting
" O1 N0 O7 B; p9 C- V) |first-time buyers were motivated to close on the purchase of a home by July 1,- r K b2 Y7 a
when rental leases expire in Quebec. Once this date has passed some of the
2 ~3 p! R- Q1 O: mpressure is taken off the market, allowing buyers to visit more homes before' H( `+ Z9 w$ v" G! B+ l
making a purchase.2 p* ~3 D+ }, j2 S
- I/ R* c- p9 p5 K: j0 ^0 v. A Ottawa held its position as one of the country's most stable housing
1 D; H7 E3 U* Q9 y: G! i7 a1 Umarkets in the third quarter, reinforced by a vibrant local economy and strong
$ K+ K8 u( c+ R8 L" e, k' _/ O7 tconfidence, resulting in modest increases in average house prices. The city6 L* W% F. K3 Q j; T
centre remained a bright spot in Ottawa, with homes in this area attracting( z; F5 N% j u, o
attention due to their convenient location and proximity to downtown V" g0 a" K1 ]+ F1 G; D1 m, A
amenities.5 N4 Z' L+ [" ]7 \ n
. Q4 l* \& N. u; M4 ~ The housing market in Toronto sustained healthy activity levels) f: R# y. W( n; z: u, Z
throughout the third quarter, as a strong economy helped to maintain demand
5 o: E- {% H0 ]) T" c {, Sacross the city, causing average house prices to rise moderately. Toronto has
$ q2 k/ r9 W( Y* G4 P/ R- I" tcontinued to experience modest growth in average house prices, and has been
& c F* z! f. K% w7 S4 Xdriven primarily by purchasers who are buying homes as their principle* K: Q# E+ `" p" L: ~/ o
residence, rather than for investment.
- b. ~! Y( X* V4 J, F8 F' ?; Y" x1 O7 t* ~1 K- t8 ^+ P
The vibrant Winnipeg housing market continued to show its strength as% o+ A7 e1 E7 N6 O% z, s; ]
house prices rose during the third quarter. The booming local economy resulted3 b+ x8 N0 y }1 I* \2 f- J- |
in a historically low unemployment rate, helping to bolster consumer3 U9 j+ I. F; N, ~+ }8 y3 a0 J ?
confidence and Winnipeg's ranking as the city with the lowest capitalization) X4 u$ \! A* F$ `
rate among the country's larger cities - helped to encourage buyers to enter
; F7 i9 j& R+ q2 n& Kthe market.
% z9 D- Q- Z4 y0 o N2 X7 ^4 C$ m3 M# ^% B/ m
In Regina, the market experienced a slight seasonal slowdown through
9 s7 D! P9 R# b! ?9 h) X, yJuly, as there were fewer purchasers in the market due to summer vacations. In
# r# q/ n' [# F! pAugust, activity resumed to the busy pace previously seen in the spring+ e0 k# y8 d& t6 q) j
months, as the influx of purchasers made it more difficult to find a home due
" b P6 @2 b9 P3 A1 O# ^0 k; g+ e: ?to the shortage of available inventory.
]% G( f8 j# p7 ]: g8 s& Q4 E6 _ o0 U7 A! a
Activity in Saskatoon remained brisk as the market maintained its
7 w2 l: |8 X+ m/ V' w; ?momentum from the busy spring sales period. The economy in Saskatoon remains( w8 P R: t' f0 q+ t Z
vibrant, as employment opportunities are abundant with many businesses# T, n8 y+ v W; |# t$ e
struggling to make hires and having to recruit outside the province.2 W: O" k' y; k& {' K2 z/ @9 T$ R
+ W5 a1 ^0 y' _3 {7 |$ W* u9 J" w" G
Calgary's housing market recorded blazing average house price increases
S* f% F* P6 |" {: d& }in the third quarter, in all surveyed categories. The burgeoning economy, low/ S' y( d8 o) c' F/ c
unemployment rates and low inventory levels remained the leading factors that; S9 O4 P/ O5 l$ {4 Y/ @
pressured Calgary's house prices upwards. However, regardless of the soaring
& r' _" r% n1 |4 e5 d' n/ \prices that characterized the market - even during the typically slower summer
- E" _+ O* J( H$ x! Bseason - it is expected that activity will become slightly more balanced, as
; F' n) c+ _3 ]buyers are becoming more reluctant to participate in the frenetic activity.
7 ~6 M/ C+ e1 `
2 L, Z. s1 {/ N6 t8 |7 ]: } Edmonton's booming local economy continued to thrive in the third quarter* c5 C" K# v( g/ y
as activity in the oil sands north of the city continued to flourish. Edmonton# F8 e$ Z4 ^; f+ }' c
remained the hub of activity for those coming to work in the oil industry,
" z! L$ `' S' L" m" h7 Imaintaining tight inventory levels across the city, resulting in prices% H9 u! B5 d! {+ M
increasing at record levels. However, as inventory levels continued to improve) [- v0 U0 N- y- c- ^
in the third quarter the rate of price appreciation should moderate slightly
9 Y/ q; L4 v% R+ |$ l! T- ctowards the end of 2006.
4 r# G1 v; ?' D5 o% H1 p. _- h& \% b) p( f4 S/ X4 k2 Y! p
While Vancouver has seen a slight reprieve from the severe shortage of
& Z d$ c+ B* j; {& A3 J* Q8 d! y9 Oinventory that had previously characterized the market, supply is still unable! C% z$ N0 {2 R& L
to meet demand, driving house prices upwards. Vancouver has a very diverse" C( P0 i% L1 F' U/ A( C
group of active buyers - from first-time home buyers to baby-boomers to/ t1 B& o$ X+ e' y2 G
foreign investors - all of whom fuel the demand for houses, placing added
) w: B# t3 u5 @: ~, tpressure on tight inventory levels.8 E+ z7 ]$ }$ ], s% X" _
+ z2 ^" ]7 Q; i: Q
Victoria's market is vibrant and supported by strong economic
. W9 O4 L! O. s+ E6 ~: Ifundamentals, fuelled by a booming tech sector and a migration of young people
& r" W7 k3 Q: R3 ?into the city that has continued to support the area's house price increases;: O4 ?- n% V8 I% P! }1 N4 y
while increased inventory levels have afforded buyers more time when searching
2 O9 e& f. Q3 Tfor a home, helping to normalize the market's pace.
+ Q1 u% R: v- w$ B- P& k6 c$ D$ D" F: w7 z- f
<<2 ~8 z- j. i$ s( l% A: R* r1 U% q
Survey of Canadian Average House Prices in the Third Quarter 2006
0 E U2 Y9 G, ]$ q6 q& L p, u/ D. h- B4 R2 W1 z" v
-------------------------------------------------------------------------9 K2 G1 a% M+ B% [- S/ h
Detached Bungalows Standard Two Storey
8 k* l6 E, p0 V) t, E3 ] -------------------------------------------------------------------------5 A8 H; e1 t; c. |
2006 Q3 2005 Q3 Bungalow 2006 Q3 2005 Q3" | M2 x/ K+ y# D7 @
Market Average Average % Change Average Average% T2 g# {) W# h7 Q8 C/ Y
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
3 d( S+ J4 C( N+ z% p& M: N/ A) A7 X Halifax 186,333 173,333 7.5% 198,667 199,000
- B6 s- B! p/ m+ b9 B -------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 _! \$ ^( [ f Charlottetown 145,000 141,000 2.8% 175,000 170,000: F7 Y) h1 {9 Z6 G4 X4 x
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
0 ?6 E4 e" o- Z: ]3 y8 { Moncton 135,000 127,000 6.3% 129,000 123,000, G' U' K3 W$ K8 n0 F' {
-------------------------------------------------------------------------7 S% z: p8 j2 m6 R
Saint John 141,200 142,900 -1.2% - - [( ^. C% W, E6 k& A
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 m8 \ U- M8 P- V3 b4 s0 [ St. John's 143,667 142,667 0.7% 200,667 202,333
1 |4 t, O) u. K# @* i -------------------------------------------------------------------------
$ N, f( ?2 i8 m0 L2 s J. A4 U Atlantic 150,240 145,380 3.3% 175,833 173,5838 G6 r: a& ~ J, X& q" w
-------------------------------------------------------------------------: T% y! i2 {, d4 N" m/ A& q: X
Montreal 213,691 203,500 5.0% 321,141 316,185
: {, Z7 ?& b& R4 q7 T' O4 g# | -------------------------------------------------------------------------7 n) z& C: T) f0 Z1 B
Ottawa 290,083 278,417 4.2% 285,667 273,250
# g3 c, P, r t -------------------------------------------------------------------------4 s1 p: e' ^" q( `
Toronto 373,368 355,882 4.9% 481,523 474,766
O& o. b, P9 o; l& _' C -------------------------------------------------------------------------
8 z: N b+ D% |8 A- r5 `% [# k Winnipeg 181,579 159,860 13.6% 202,337 180,707+ K! O" E) I. x1 |# X7 o
-------------------------------------------------------------------------) e4 x z' E% R
Saskatchewan 170,667 156,083 9.3% 182,600 166,500
, Y1 @( k5 I7 Q# A w -------------------------------------------------------------------------
, d; w/ m# K' B& {/ w! N6 t Calgary 395,067 252,411 56.5% 405,778 264,389& T2 v8 I% ~2 H; T8 j2 t
-------------------------------------------------------------------------3 t4 }& A1 C" U7 d4 \) L. i7 \
Edmonton 286,857 194,857 47.2% 316,429 206,714
4 E3 g6 D' x4 K1 s9 M -------------------------------------------------------------------------% ~. f# R5 f# b* |& N% K
Vancouver 704,250 601,000 17.2% 794,000 697,500
9 [/ a; H- t2 N- g% l -------------------------------------------------------------------------
, @! y) c4 v$ O9 [, l9 } Victoria 375,000 348,000 7.8% 403,000 391,000
1 @( p* i' C. w- j5 W -------------------------------------------------------------------------% {1 |2 D) g8 g
National 300,365 258,202 16.3% 365,380 322,8603 Y T ?6 w: `# w: s* X
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
8 _; F2 p* n& R1 m/ j6 E* g; ~; w: C' Z+ n7 r1 s
-------------------------------------------------------------# w" c, Q) o8 H; x# n
Standard Condominium* e4 }2 }' Z0 ^' K4 H5 Y
-------------------------------------------------------------: G8 n' ?& u% X$ v5 y$ _8 x
2-Storey 2006 Q3 2005 Q3 Condo
) [+ O6 Z" f9 z Market % Change Average Average % Change% ^4 s% n7 q8 b7 ~* D c) q
-------------------------------------------------------------
4 I0 v* T: `" x; G Halifax -0.2% 142,000 103,000 37.9%9 d) ~, `& A! Y& {4 s
-------------------------------------------------------------
& i1 z L" f0 V; u Charlottetown 2.9% 98,000 98,000 0.0%# ^& [" t6 U) a: e
-------------------------------------------------------------
: m, s6 r) J. V5 n% j$ m5 w Moncton 4.9% - - N/A- @6 i2 _: r( l- m) I4 i5 U- b
-------------------------------------------------------------. w# q, ~9 K3 b# ?0 ^ p6 _1 ^- g
Saint John N/A - - N/A# p0 h) i) t ~& t
-------------------------------------------------------------
" T8 {. ^: r. J- n6 C St. John's -0.8% 146,333 145,667 0.5%
/ L# b2 S1 i. a8 _ -------------------------------------------------------------& }4 T5 K. {: g: l
Atlantic 1.3% 128,778 115,556 11.4%
# X$ l3 ?( p6 J1 Z2 s m& [ -------------------------------------------------------------+ X' w, @# ]8 b& u" c4 v
Montreal 1.6% 193,190 188,016 2.8%2 s- u G; T* G5 r" u$ ~
-------------------------------------------------------------
4 ~& u3 ?- t+ S! s, h Ottawa 4.5% 181,083 172,250 5.1%$ H+ i" c2 D, q/ e) W& H
-------------------------------------------------------------
5 c5 n0 r6 P5 `# z' M+ y Toronto 1.4% 252,088 242,918 3.8%, `/ T# m: j2 J
-------------------------------------------------------------
7 l+ J4 z. E4 H6 u" j Winnipeg 12.0% 105,648 96,008 10.0% y7 J/ o d; G) ^& h) u
-------------------------------------------------------------* B- [( R1 a E M# p; w1 A9 R
Saskatchewan 9.7% 106,250 101,000 5.2%
7 s2 k+ i& h2 o) I0 l -------------------------------------------------------------" V: p& _ t G. ~- ]1 @0 v- ^8 J% b
Calgary 53.5% 245,844 153,867 59.8%' s4 R6 G8 }/ Y' o( a
-------------------------------------------------------------
" a( U. S, T1 `6 m9 G+ l" H Edmonton 53.1% 200,433 131,500 52.4%
& ^1 }1 x7 a/ o -------------------------------------------------------------
4 O* q9 j$ P- H' b# ] Vancouver 13.8% 366,250 323,250 13.3%9 p, e4 Y, E- D w$ H }; q
-------------------------------------------------------------
6 \) I. [! i; i2 b* n Victoria 3.1% 229,000 220,000 4.1%: o; B9 q Y9 K% e# t
-------------------------------------------------------------# c1 A9 C+ z6 }+ r! c
National 13.2% 211,562 185,296 14.2%: y3 L7 t2 P$ S5 n: E# K' P
-------------------------------------------------------------
! \% w6 ~+ Q# I; e; Q >>
# j+ W/ P+ c+ k4 g0 H0 N6 ]7 w9 m
Average house prices are based on an average of all sub-markets examined
9 ]6 @/ K( Z8 K. E E) J' J: l( gin the area, except for the smaller markets of Charlottetown, Moncton, Saint2 p4 \$ g+ t+ ~3 g0 j& r. x) {! k
John and Victoria.
( F2 S8 P8 l7 G p( v) }% ]! ?" M
& Z! i; _) C) Y' o8 X+ w The Royal LePage Survey of Canadian House Prices is the largest, most7 j9 H5 y2 V" A% A3 i" u. y. T2 f
comprehensive study of its kind in Canada, with information on seven types of2 T- W4 I% H8 e; }, P" E
housing in over 250 neighbourhoods from coast to coast. This release2 d8 y1 R8 z( z
references an abbreviated version of the survey, which highlights house price% R& k9 d! A& E2 T8 Z
trends for the three most common types of housing in Canada in 80 communities6 w$ \2 i4 J" o
across the country. A complete database of past and present surveys is, {7 A7 n& H" L, O) v' G
available on the Royal LePage Web site at www.royallepage.ca, and current) f$ c( n: \3 j0 c, \; Z
figures will be updated following the end of the third quarter. A printable# ]* a: f/ Z1 E. }9 ~6 I6 g
version of the third quarter 2006 survey will be available online on
) o. w( y; A. \& l% S! t8 h2 INovember 15, 2006.5 b: g- S4 A0 X, k) L9 L4 R, _
Housing values in the Royal LePage Survey are Royal LePage opinions of( |* t {2 v- ]5 i
fair market value in each location, based on local data and market knowledge
. r1 l( n3 h% Q% S2 Q# vprovided by Royal LePage residential real estate experts. Historical data is2 R! H, r" G$ n+ M
available for some areas back to the early 1970s. |
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