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( k Z. Z: z* Q% MCan you determine the origin (country) of a product from the barcode ?* ^0 k; Q4 W! Z1 A0 a( q) }
, S0 v& k* D- L D$ ?/ i9 ABar codes are something most of us never think about. If you look in your fridge or pantry right now, you will find that just about every package you see has a bar code printed on it. In fact, nearly every item that you buy in a grocery shop, supermarket or superstore has a bar code on it somewhere.
7 t- _4 b- O; x3 u [' _Bar codes were first used commercially in 1966, but it was soon realised that there would have to be a common standard. By 1970, the Universal Grocery Products Identification Code (UGPIC) was written by a company called Logicon Inc. The standard was further improved and led to the Universal Product Code (UPC) symbol set. To this very day, this standard is used in the United States and Canada . In June of 1974, the first UPC scanner was installed at a Marsh's supermarket in Troy, Ohio, and the first product to have a bar code was Wrigley's Gum.
+ \4 _ n8 m. \The Universal Product Code was the first bar code symbology widely adopted. Its birth is usually set at 3 April 1973, when the grocery industry formally established UPC as the standard bar code symbology for product marking. Foreign interest in UPC led to the adoption of the EAN (European Article Numbering) code format, similar to UPC, in December 1976.' x8 y0 k4 x, \0 \ f" q: P5 W
Currently, the United States and Canada use UPC bar codes as their standard for retail labelling, whereas the rest of the world uses EAN. Since January 1, 2005 all retail scanning systems in the USA must be able to accept the EAN-13 symbol as well as the standard UPC-A. This change will eliminate the need for manufacturers who export goods to the US and enjoyedmontoncts.5 J6 G) g/ ]: S' L5 c: P- s: v
The first 2 (sometimes 3) digits, which are called the “flag”, indicate in what country the bar code was issued. This “flag” does not tell you, however, in what country the product was produced.
6 A9 A7 u* F/ e5 B5 c. bThe country codes used are :! s) l1 t6 `- E4 b' v0 K
0 a' W7 _4 H( U1 L4 G8 rCODE \COUNTRY! N6 |- Y6 g" w% q
00-13 USA & Canada7 z- l% k S! [
20-29 reserved for local use (shops/supermarkets)
) v* U3 d' R3 U2 f( C1 w30-37 France
$ d) `, k# [. y8 c2 v7 p4 R380 Bulgaria7 m4 Z8 n S6 g; J* G$ t: s8 K
383 Slovenia- q$ A w- Q/ S7 }, N4 n
385 Croatia
9 I: n) o U8 {7 c |+ w9 T387 Bosnia-Herzegovina2 B4 D% `8 ?7 Q, Z1 V4 T: d8 Z/ D% e
400-440 Germany
) w& a' e7 M" ^; z- z% M45 Japan
- K/ H8 Y' m2 _8 P6 {46 Russian Federation
+ e1 L+ A* O% z, U7 ? y471 Taiwan! z& N! }4 ? P. V
474 Estonia
F; e4 i4 N& _ @475 Latvia
$ p" A; u; ` f& v' m/ t/ Q476 Azerbaijan& P% k' f& [2 p) D, f4 Z# p
477 Lithuania8 }; N. p1 H5 Z( L
478 Uzbekistan
; B2 Q2 `! j( D* f/ i2 s- S6 o4 K479 Sri Lanka* c7 H" Z0 F1 X' E0 ^* A; ?0 J1 X
480 Philippines, C1 T$ U, J+ Q& A. N. w1 g8 U
481 Belarus
2 b* a2 m/ c( w$ d- [6 C8 n482 Ukraine' s3 u+ J( E6 h$ ]$ R5 l
484 Moldova
1 j8 i( |$ h# m' ^: w1 I; l485 Armenia* r& [! c( |7 d+ g# x
486 Georgia
- @, V# k5 ?% d1 h5 k3 ^487 Kazakhstan" t) s; V$ O( F) d4 @4 ]
489 Hong Kong
8 b; d! w) p/ r# K49 Japan. r) _$ a# Y% t6 {1 J0 A p: I
50 UK
9 @5 q; p' a% v2 }& T ]2 y! G, ^520 Greece
+ f/ i9 j! L0 e' ~" N$ C5 A8 P528 Lebanon( ~- d0 c5 c0 B7 y3 D! ^! i _4 e6 m
529 Cyprus
- \' g3 |2 ~! p% [0 e- I$ W+ r531 Macedonia* [; @: M) O' g3 m7 e, G
535 Malta8 s+ J/ F( h# K+ R2 s
539 Ireland5 h* ?# ]% A8 ^6 Z. ~4 d0 W* d
54 Belgium & Luxembourg
4 e/ F8 Q5 Y e0 A2 z560 Portugal
m. V! U4 F g8 C569 Iceland% t' |; c8 h( v. ]2 \1 e
57 Denmark
5 A* _2 t# v3 _( e2 m& ?$ P! l( D7 f5 z590 Poland% ]$ o& z9 n* _0 o9 k
594 Romania" a& t; l6 }9 ~3 u. F/ Q( r4 k
599 Hungary
( m( V o$ T7 _" w- h. {600-601 South Africa% a. t/ ~4 p5 @$ W# H7 @
609 Mauritius
) r" V1 E/ b0 B) N2 ~3 a) B611 Morocco7 p- ?) `, W5 S6 C2 ?* g! [
613 Algeria7 E- ~: Y& V# {# {+ V6 C$ D% q* s; ~' k
619 Tunisia
* @$ V, `9 y4 b% I0 Z621 Syria
& [7 S( }! n+ Z7 U* W+ o622 Egypt
% l" v' |4 Z, [1 N! p624 Libya
' ~2 G- h; b( e9 b+ |/ n( d$ A625 Jordan
: o6 f- L; O# N) q' A k9 D( X626 Iran7 j5 \4 a, V4 R/ V
627 Kuwait" {, D8 u/ m, y0 K) t4 C
628 Saudi Arabia2 M6 I& I r9 j/ ^. z7 z% ?: n- O
629 United Arab Emirates
7 r6 L# l9 t9 G6 w/ U' T$ \/ Q64 Finland
& R2 R7 L# Q, q# n" H" e; u690-692 China
' r5 V! H# n' y0 ^; g) D70 Norway
8 v2 A+ Y+ D& K' o* R- I$ [+ e729 Israel1 e5 r! q$ H' O4 T6 H% g
73 Sweden
~. W% `& k: M740 Guatemala: I9 f# s/ E% n! V2 v/ }8 r) K8 s
741 El Salvador7 w! b6 k4 d2 \2 s
742 Honduras
- d) A- k: l# K6 ]3 p: Z% Z- |) O743 Nicaragua' y0 n5 \+ X, ]' U
744 Costa Rica ^* H( y. N2 k$ O: z9 S9 L
745 Panama
1 {8 I, P4 N' y7 q* B746 Dominican Republic$ v& t7 Y, v5 S: Y1 S. q/ A' O: Q6 p
750 Mexico
2 \0 X# Q/ D$ I. d: S# N4 f6 S759 Venezuela8 G( s2 ]( n0 T% A" z- F
76 Switzerland2 Y- ^* {' w% ^; _+ J5 W- @
770 Colombia
9 I" c0 R3 B- C; M0 w3 B773 Uruguay
% R: ?; X7 t* L/ `) E u/ u775 Peru
3 k* `% a/ Y( h- s' J+ e777 Bolivia) U" X* L# D( X, ~5 [$ g
779 Argentina
, b. \+ A y6 ~) C780 Chile! J8 @6 k6 `$ d- c
784 Paraguay1 ~ W7 m( ~4 R9 {" ~5 z
785 Peru) `4 O8 a& @. Z. Q3 k6 N& S
786 Ecuador
( h5 f, y9 r8 o789 Brazil2 V% f- U4 ]' k8 X
80-83 Italy. p0 ^5 ~3 M4 U
84 Spain$ V6 V) Z/ N- q; V. }
850 Cuba
( \+ Q) i9 M5 l3 F% Z' P& S858 Slovakia
" y0 M" X! X% B) U8 |+ X% ]. I" Q859 Czech Republic. x4 {! m* E& j8 g b/ h
860 Serbia & Montenegro
# |- }4 }# W3 w2 k$ C869 Turkey2 x* k3 I( P; d! }
87 Netherlands9 e& T4 B+ Q/ w3 o4 u
880 South Korea2 U3 x8 y Z2 ^) j9 }( Y6 n
885 Thailand
7 o- g2 u: K5 n* v3 j888 Singapore8 ?' X9 p8 A" m( U7 c( e! f
890 India3 {3 e( @/ A5 K
893 Vietnam
7 c! I9 R' ^/ K/ |899 Indonesia
, `" D/ a0 s: G s4 f90 -91 Austria; b% s0 A/ C8 e6 B
93 Australia
5 c7 @- e0 b. Y8 {, |94 New Zealand2 l6 N6 ^# B; i3 Y+ s3 A
955 Malaysia2 p& s/ I: C4 S* c& o) s: {
958 Macau9 v8 S; |# i2 v H% q' {8 [
977 ISSN (International Standard Serial Number for periodicals)
# b$ B) v8 A4 t& A- R3 Q978 ISBN (International Standard Book Number)
) O7 o' G" J- F3 k" U979 ISMN (International Standard Music Number)
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- S9 n; u1 e7 b& w$ H! G. m4 TMore information and source : http://users.pandora.be/worldstandards/barcodes.htm, e9 o* u8 k5 c7 G
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