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# Q: f# ~! Y- d' b+ x1 r3 w# ZCan you determine the origin (country) of a product from the barcode ?
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Bar codes are something most of us never think about. If you look in your fridge or pantry right now, you will find that just about every package you see has a bar code printed on it. In fact, nearly every item that you buy in a grocery shop, supermarket or superstore has a bar code on it somewhere. I/ W4 O, X4 J# u }- _
Bar codes were first used commercially in 1966, but it was soon realised that there would have to be a common standard. By 1970, the Universal Grocery Products Identification Code (UGPIC) was written by a company called Logicon Inc. The standard was further improved and led to the Universal Product Code (UPC) symbol set. To this very day, this standard is used in the United States and Canada . In June of 1974, the first UPC scanner was installed at a Marsh's supermarket in Troy, Ohio, and the first product to have a bar code was Wrigley's Gum.
3 b( q# A, K% U" b5 }5 RThe Universal Product Code was the first bar code symbology widely adopted. Its birth is usually set at 3 April 1973, when the grocery industry formally established UPC as the standard bar code symbology for product marking. Foreign interest in UPC led to the adoption of the EAN (European Article Numbering) code format, similar to UPC, in December 1976.( J: E, n6 E4 t. ` x! T; B
Currently, the United States and Canada use UPC bar codes as their standard for retail labelling, whereas the rest of the world uses EAN. Since January 1, 2005 all retail scanning systems in the USA must be able to accept the EAN-13 symbol as well as the standard UPC-A. This change will eliminate the need for manufacturers who export goods to the US and enjoyedmontoncts." D. [: a! q* [: W3 M7 Y+ h
The first 2 (sometimes 3) digits, which are called the “flag”, indicate in what country the bar code was issued. This “flag” does not tell you, however, in what country the product was produced.
# r* _; q6 N4 K0 v: FThe country codes used are :$ P% w: a6 \1 h% C) _8 V; S
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CODE \COUNTRY
' I: T G* t2 Z9 S% U" _1 s0 [00-13 USA & Canada( Y- g E/ a. q2 l/ W8 U
20-29 reserved for local use (shops/supermarkets)
; \: e1 d% }% E5 @! k9 e% ]30-37 France
4 N# v/ `" ?+ r0 W% J380 Bulgaria+ M+ M0 j; K! ` R' U( ^
383 Slovenia. y& ]1 S `) q& c" U
385 Croatia
5 [- G0 \6 {1 x9 P R6 ]387 Bosnia-Herzegovina
3 b4 G( i. [* b1 t400-440 Germany
1 [. n5 r& h( Z1 J4 G45 Japan
5 U: @$ x* S1 |! [! V46 Russian Federation$ L4 ]0 K1 a% U. \9 ?' Q
471 Taiwan- l8 Q' p2 j0 I, L
474 Estonia
7 m6 Y: P9 e7 E2 v475 Latvia
# P& {& E: P! i9 s6 g. D! H476 Azerbaijan
4 Q x+ ?( ]8 }6 H: C: C2 ?% q477 Lithuania
, K- _% p9 r! d0 i478 Uzbekistan
7 U4 A( a# d8 F! t) x( v479 Sri Lanka
6 ^( G7 X, v* d0 Y# a i- {/ @480 Philippines8 p+ v( p3 J' C5 f, B6 m0 W
481 Belarus
8 P' \; t+ D" \7 H1 k) f6 ~482 Ukraine7 H' Q7 l$ p7 u' U3 A( T1 ]
484 Moldova. e8 u | p% [, R; |, t6 `6 u
485 Armenia* X) S1 q% o- Q+ f2 n" y* ~" X
486 Georgia, p" w- w0 G6 y, x3 V; k
487 Kazakhstan
- ^& f6 ^2 ~/ _4 S O489 Hong Kong0 r2 g$ a, _( l M
49 Japan
w6 T' y1 o" R) f3 t+ l; Q! @50 UK
, a5 Y3 o1 C& @9 d* v% C# W520 Greece' R" w4 R+ m5 j' F8 l; n
528 Lebanon T% P1 {6 |& K& n- D1 {. T" V3 a
529 Cyprus0 B8 C4 e. a# W, ?2 G
531 Macedonia: Z. [! ~& J/ W( u. i$ M3 D
535 Malta* ~6 r* b+ }( c) a7 Q! n
539 Ireland
/ t1 M; t7 X7 D' n% o54 Belgium & Luxembourg% m' e9 h1 \0 o8 z* i# b' r) b9 ]
560 Portugal7 a! B5 W- D1 u5 h( Y% Q
569 Iceland$ N* O$ q5 _9 a3 O
57 Denmark
' C: J' R" `) _% r- H. u590 Poland
; O& M: y7 h2 K' t& m2 [594 Romania
1 J# c' `7 K$ h4 K+ T; f599 Hungary
8 n$ A% d; J2 e5 z6 `600-601 South Africa
$ V6 W, F1 \! }! w! X609 Mauritius
1 d+ Z) f, L( H% G611 Morocco7 R% z) J# g/ D+ e2 V
613 Algeria+ [2 S+ M5 r" p8 A2 J
619 Tunisia
2 z5 j& W F* P% W! w621 Syria
3 r) A8 Q6 U( X( Y622 Egypt! W, O$ t" ~0 ?2 {* H/ s9 l
624 Libya2 G; x( \" G* F5 u! e7 A
625 Jordan7 c3 m7 N& s! o x ~
626 Iran& M0 |* n1 o0 G- u/ p' \: [, G
627 Kuwait( Y+ e {6 [) a& J# p) `+ Q
628 Saudi Arabia
/ C0 ?* i( {6 z, w7 V8 \. O* t& `, h629 United Arab Emirates3 R, U5 F$ C. T, G" a& U
64 Finland8 v3 w' G! f; D8 U
690-692 China
4 y- _& v) C' Y2 i70 Norway
- i9 U7 v8 T+ b; i& ?! [0 y729 Israel4 A! X/ m- v; U) h6 l
73 Sweden* j9 ^2 ?& k, ]
740 Guatemala
# E/ D3 z& }/ ~9 m, U; \% Z7 @- J741 El Salvador' ~& S0 s1 G4 T/ O3 r, R% \3 p" Y
742 Honduras
9 N# p& | C! `9 W$ Q6 H743 Nicaragua/ t6 y" Z4 d6 n% [
744 Costa Rica. H, q$ [7 \1 k9 ~. U* I) k
745 Panama
' x3 p0 c+ j* N, k+ N3 a& G4 p" h746 Dominican Republic
* I8 }# m5 q( i! b750 Mexico
- D- ~. Q1 `9 j0 R7 U, f9 U: o( Q759 Venezuela
' d. v. _- n: d+ I76 Switzerland
$ G3 }1 n0 b0 J- z4 w# v770 Colombia
/ V% C- l! M2 w5 E773 Uruguay; v: h8 U& d' I" M% ]$ Z. d
775 Peru5 [6 `! `3 g! k# u2 N
777 Bolivia
# ]6 p3 Y& g8 Y5 o& r. {, L779 Argentina$ k# X! H0 u' A2 G
780 Chile
( \1 D% o9 R, ?' V+ o3 S% j, Z* Y2 }784 Paraguay
1 D8 d, i4 J' U" [6 f785 Peru4 s& F8 e5 d {
786 Ecuador7 D6 t9 M' l* S4 A& q. ?8 P# O5 `
789 Brazil% T( f1 y( _1 V: s H/ o" M+ U _
80-83 Italy; D' r: b) ^4 V4 U2 S0 G* t/ Q+ X
84 Spain
# e, W: @3 Y5 x850 Cuba) ^0 n3 x! ^0 h* @1 \+ Z
858 Slovakia9 y7 e. l% L8 y, d: _5 e
859 Czech Republic
/ G5 z. G' t$ O- G+ p0 n W860 Serbia & Montenegro
3 X4 @ q0 J7 R' T! q869 Turkey- W6 a; B8 w) v) v. L. B# @6 a
87 Netherlands
) F4 V5 z( `/ }% l880 South Korea
2 J) U; g7 [) m7 A8 k9 M885 Thailand) f& A: R: ^) ^7 b8 W7 W
888 Singapore
7 v# K! W3 e" F! B3 H890 India" Y# F1 t1 L( B$ X4 K5 u: k
893 Vietnam# V8 T) c) v% ]$ L3 F6 |$ `
899 Indonesia
2 z2 l+ ]4 U7 F* [# w5 `90 -91 Austria8 X- q, l4 z% I7 @7 e
93 Australia
3 |' P4 K" r! j* v94 New Zealand
' T$ _9 B' s; G955 Malaysia
, ~. h2 C: y1 l0 Q0 g# S9 g958 Macau
+ S# ?# A B0 l5 F" C977 ISSN (International Standard Serial Number for periodicals)7 J4 K- N6 F$ `8 @8 U% O0 J
978 ISBN (International Standard Book Number)
T9 m4 A$ P1 l# U979 ISMN (International Standard Music Number)
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; j& p$ t( b' t4 O5 t, \5 fMore information and source : http://users.pandora.be/worldstandards/barcodes.htm
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