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发表于 2009-5-20 21:54
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5、学点西方谚语,了解西方文化6 l$ C0 P, L) y& e8 M1 f" {
1)Man proposes, God disposes. 9 X/ [2 ~8 G% n3 |! u1 Q
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这个说法最早见于14世纪,起初以 “If man proposes evil, God disposes of it.” 的形式出现, 意思是上帝会阻止想要为恶的人。这里的God, 既可以指上帝, 又可以指天意。 就像我们常说的“尽人事, 听天命”、“谋事在人,成事在天”一样, 尽力而为之后, 还要顺从自然的规律。 毕竟,人类是自然的一部分, 凡事皆不可强求, 与自然的和谐是人类的生存之本。 : l8 U* `5 W; e' B6 |+ `: s1 L- B; L
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A: Bob, how about tomorrow’s driving test?Sure to pass,huh?
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, M( T# C6 k$ Y3 p6 UB: I don’t know. I’ve done enough, I’d say. Anyway, man proposes, God disposes. I am praying for good luck.
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2)It is a sin to steal a pin. b0 P; a. Y8 O% r* E( U" L
% r, l+ p) o2 u9 t6 z& N该句的字面意思是: 即使是偷一根针也是一种罪过。还记得那句古训吗?“勿以恶小而为之, 勿以善小而不为。”冀望之切,溢于言表。不要因为犯的是小错就可以听之任之。 " N% W2 V) w) p# ?+ P
2 P& i- O+ Z/ f, O( u) h4 `& Q% Geg: Honesty is the best policy. Never covet what is not yours, for it is a sin to steal a pin.
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# F a5 ~+ B* x7 `5 [3)If you play with fire, you get burnt.
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% o. S* ]6 O6 g正如西方谚语所说:Fire is a good servant but a bad master. ! f. p" h- k" f" m
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火在人们的掌控之下时是人类股掌之上的可爱精灵:篝火给人温暖,烟花处处讨人欢心。可是一旦它的力量过大,就凌驾于人类之上,再不受人的掌握。权力亦是如此,当它逐渐膨胀不可收拾时,就成为一个暴戾的君王,统治人们的言行。所谓“玩火者必自慰”,铤而走险的盲目举动会招致无穷祸患。 ' W) I1 Y. P; W6 x, M: M
[5 M- J! N' m0 n: ]9 B. feg: The abuse of power has sent many people into jail, which shows that playing with fire could get you burnt. 5 P+ F2 W# Z5 v
( U: V( Y ^) H5 c R4)Revenge is a dish that could be eaten cold.
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很形象的一句谚语。所有的菜肴都必须趁热吃,唯独revenge是个例外。“君子报仇,十年未晚。” 4 P, ]; E7 x& @, }% D0 a+ F
+ ~5 j( V8 N8 V7 Beg: He has done serious wrong to his friends. You just wait and see. They will not let him go scot-free. Revenge is a dish that could be eaten cold.
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5)There is no smoke without fire. & J9 j" e, o; K' t2 f, d+ C* e" [
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无风不起浪,有水才行船。任何事情的发生都是有前兆的,“流言”的兴起有时也不完全是无中生有。虽然说是“坐得船头稳,不怕浪来颠”(相似的西谚是“Do right and fear no man。”),但风起于青萍之末,一只蝴蝶扇动翅膀就可能引起大洋彼岸的一场大风暴。做人、谋事,谨慎为佳。 / {6 J" n; V7 v0 h2 m$ N
V4 [- X7 l# O) L% R- p1 j) veg: "No smoke without fire," said the detective. ; R* v" U, q1 }" a
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"Smoke signals can be misread," countered Sloan.
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6)Every dog has its day.
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' n4 K* x0 s4 Z e这里的day,是指opportunities, 即成功的机会;而dog 则泛指那些地位低下、似乎没有出息的人。“士别三日,当刮目相看”,落魄的人若发奋图强,总会有出头之日。
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" x: p- w& c3 V7 ^8 o! `(又作All dogs have their days。)
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eg: You must not look down upon him. Though poor and gloomy. he could turn out to be outstanding one day. As the saying goes, every dog has its day.
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7)If you lie down with dogs, you will get up with fleas. + n8 e# K# _; W& g; Q
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这是一句很经典的谚语,也就是我们中文里说的“近朱者赤,近墨者黑”。 在这条英文谚语中体现出来的只是“近墨者黑”的一面。虽然中文里还有成语“出污泥而不染”一说,但环境对于人的影响仍然不可小觑。
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e。g。 -Harry! How come you’re back so late? Where’ve you been? / L, w! A/ D0 w
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-Just to a friend’s. 1 m1 H/ |% W( a9 G1 p
1 p1 N" Q0 E# c/ b-To a friend’s? Just for a glass of liquor, huh? You’re going to be drowned in liquor, I’d say! If you lie down with dogs, you’ll get up to find yourself with millions of fleas!
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7 b4 |0 X4 ^$ w/ t* {8)It is easy to find a stick to beat a dog. " \( z: Z; \, c0 G- U1 Q
) G ]( C" \' x人非圣贤,孰能无过。人们总会犯一些错误,也许做者无心但观者有意。有些小人,自己抱残守缺,不干实事,却挖空心思,找别人的缺点和麻烦。欲加之罪,何患无辞? % Z; N4 z( z1 _# `8 b1 Q2 l$ V
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eg: -Did you know that Jeff’s been fired? 5 }4 ^- z* ]9 K$ l* K
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-No. What for?
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-Jeff sometimes had ideas different from our boss’s.
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-Yeah, but Jeff hasn’t done anything wrong, has he? . A, `& b; X `8 W8 a! e
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-Well, boss is boss。 It is always easy to find a stick to beat a dog.
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9)You can’t teach old dogs new tricks.
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这句谚语说的是:人老了思想容易僵化,对新生事物很难接受。
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4 d' H5 O: A8 l% H0 {" Jeg: Don’t forget Wang is already 80. At his age, you can’t expect him to learn the tap dance. You can’t teach old dogs new tricks, you know.
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$ T4 U' S9 h8 ]8 b3 a) w从以上的几则谚语我们可以观察到中西文化的一个有趣的区别。西方人经常用狗来比喻人,如,lucky dog(幸运儿),因为他们并不歧视狗。而在汉语中,有不少涉及狗的谚语和成语都是贬义的,如“狗改不了吃屎”、“挂羊头卖狗肉”、“狗仗人势”、“狗嘴里吐不出象牙”等。当然,英文中dog一词有时也带有贬义,但往往含义与中文不尽相同,我们使用时切忌望文生义。如,It is a dog’s life Chris is leading。 某位教授认为“a dog’s life”的意思是“悲惨的生活”,因而在一篇论及中英文化差别的文章中将其译成“过着牛马不如的生活”。其实“a dog’s life”指的是“争吵不休,过着不安宁的日子”。这类成语很多,如go to the dogs(每况愈下),dog-eat-dog(狗咬狗的,损人利己的),dog in the manger(占着茅坑不拉屎的人)。还有一些没有任何褒贬涵义的用法,如dog days(大热天),doggy bag(餐馆里的打包袋),据说,早先人们碍于面子,不愿明说要把剩菜带回家吃,佯称要带给狗吃,所以叫doggy bag. ; B, Y7 ^# q+ f# E
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上面四条西方谚语都可以在汉语中找到相似的表达,但下面两条却全然不同了。 # D8 }4 V4 C0 U4 c6 f
6 }$ E5 U; {% @/ F' P& S8 o10)Lightning never strikes the same place twice. 9 Z5 J$ D0 s& s$ @
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“闪电从不打同一个地方”,与我们说的“福无双至,祸不单行”恰恰相反,这也是差异的一个有趣的体现。
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eg: -How were your exams? All over?
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% |% n/ r3 U! T D, b! T-I really don’t know. I did rather poorly last time. I hope I’ll do better this time. 6 F; c1 J+ x R" J3 z0 @5 p* @
) n ?# I) _( @-Come on, don’t worry about it。 You are sure to pass。 As the saying goes, lightening never strikes the same place twice.
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9 @& Z. Y# b8 h4 Z+ Y11)One swallow does not make a summer.
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: O3 T. H( }2 z8 s2 Mswallow 是燕子。西谚说,一只燕子飞来不能代表夏天的来临。而中国成语却说, 一叶知秋。两种说法各有其智慧。“One swallow does not make a summer”强调的是要区别一般性与特殊性的辩证哲理; 而“一叶知秋”体现的则是从细微的端倪窥见总体趋势的睿智。 3 P* t( J4 m- n0 ^
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eg: -Hey, look! The scores are already 2:1!Liverpool is sure to win, I bet!
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% f3 Z( S4 q3 e& j, J-I don’t think so. One swallow does not make a summer. Miracles always happen the last minute. |
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