 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The: s. P5 O' `/ A+ \. z
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the' _$ O4 M5 Q5 M
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
) t$ W* m# e& V' Band uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial: h4 @% V3 {$ |# [% i M
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of1 A- V, Y) b# |7 B* V8 s
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
' L4 P# I. W s+ F, u% ?A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=6 l3 c/ I: h- d) T$ K8 `" H
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]2 x# O9 Q: Z" r( j( C+ G5 J, |
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
3 \$ w( _! ?6 pretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on1 h' K) e6 v2 D8 P; v. h2 E
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
1 [! Y. v/ @+ C( [5 _) E6 k(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
5 I9 d G) l4 |4 z u) xsegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a s# s1 g1 r7 f7 B3 }- \! G$ [8 j
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e., f; W2 Y5 K: @. k9 n! I
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
7 W0 A4 v* c) R! E6 {compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,( H; \ ?0 [3 m
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..5 o0 y; |% U8 N8 J+ j
4 ]# s% y% X3 z# l$ {3 ]+ |
(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch): Q3 Z/ |8 p2 I" P1 J
and American speakers of English, |
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