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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n), j6 ]/ H8 a% L; n: u2 z- C
7 \7 K8 r. `+ gProof:
3 Y2 Q4 @; o) m/ [2 Y0 ?! BLet n >1 be an integer r5 F- {! u9 c% x
Basis: (n=2)/ l0 f/ l Y& z% {4 c8 {" ]4 \$ H
2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3" Z' c& \0 N! H. R* J
) r$ V5 X" G+ Y; } `8 J) PInduction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that& a- H/ `# {1 |- H5 A
K^3 – K can by divided by 3.
3 t: P7 O' I9 `8 b/ W, z4 t2 ?: ^ ^' d- }" \
Now, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 30 M+ j( g& h! ^1 Q
since we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem
5 G/ j4 |+ M ], }3 f+ [9 p! CThen we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1), E8 c, ^, p* I5 t; d
= K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K
$ A! i2 `' q" [, w: a+ ^. k, \ = ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)* e! F3 y0 z7 r5 G' N2 B# N d6 l1 L
= ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
3 _/ w# y4 p* _) |by Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>04 k' }5 N6 K9 y; c9 W" U
So we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
5 y( z0 H) j/ P- O2 G: ^4 } = 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)
+ }/ ^" e& E/ _& f = 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3
1 q' N! Y0 M1 t- x; P: l
0 ?3 h. _. g+ b5 Z7 c6 w- _, X7 S9 Z AConclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.# H! m- B5 K+ F0 l. ~) l
. g, Z! n% | C; ?
[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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