 鲜花( 53)  鸡蛋( 0)
|
This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n); s- @5 {/ Z3 g6 r" ]# s& l
2 Z! m0 @' ~5 N$ H
Proof: ! c, y4 m/ k( J" g" K5 C
Let n >1 be an integer " s; A. C+ o' m ~7 O" O: A1 M
Basis: (n=2)5 j* m: H- v( K
2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3( |5 @0 k" p! z6 y
" P) W, \# s3 W$ Z1 F! m+ ^Induction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that
. e- ^1 X, P( B% [7 X! B4 ` K^3 – K can by divided by 3.1 }# O0 V. o( c% I. K
P& S4 l9 T+ y" m4 ?9 z$ iNow, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 3& b4 _" k; z+ {& F) A
since we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem* ^; [( s/ z, A7 J/ T
Then we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)4 S. z d4 S. o3 B7 s
= K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K7 Y3 I0 v4 ?- J2 s0 a. i O
= ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)' c/ A' X# e) t! U8 e
= ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)7 T! l3 I9 ]* p c
by Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0
2 ^3 I3 B. C4 [0 vSo we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
0 }/ J. r1 h" U! f = 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K), s. b8 p$ V7 a; Q; s4 D
= 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3
8 O# f, ~3 [- B; L: Y4 O3 g
! N) I& V# H: H WConclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.
# G& c, O% Z2 C! x8 ?+ k( n$ J& ?( Q. Z: C! j
[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
|