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The Fiscal Year 2020 U.S. budget deficit is expected to be $1.1 trillion. - n+ h4 G% Z! q
6 A; K4 v; I& O2 ?* }+ C2020财年美国预算赤字预计为1.1万亿美元7 _5 P- a7 p4 p: x% M
C4 x% _' k) {: b6 A6 hThe first column represents the fiscal year, followed by the deficit that year in billions. Next is the debt increase by fiscal year, followed by the deficit/GDP. Finally, the events affecting the deficit are cited.
$ C+ V) A4 |' t& b9 Y8 x 第一列表示会计年度,其次是该年度的赤字(十亿)。其次是财政年度的债务增加,其次是赤字/ GDP。最后,列举了影响赤字的事件
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Fiscal Year Deficit (in billions) Debt Deficit/GDP Events
+ [& e4 A' O/ ^% L7 G1929 ($1) ($1) (0.7%) Market crash$ |+ P9 h+ @2 L3 ~* q. U0 Y8 m
1930 ($1) ($1) (0.8%) Smoot-Hawley" S+ U$ w+ l7 S( J- u) V4 g+ r
1931 $0 $1 0.6% Dust Bowl: M$ D+ R/ a" w
1932 $3 $3 4.5% Hoover tax hike! P4 Y* ]. ~2 t: @8 I% ]: C
1933 $3 $3 4.5% FDR New Deal
/ [0 e; x9 r- W) l1934 $4 $5 5.4% GDP up 10.8%, debt also rose
{# g$ ?/ d4 I- I' O. ]2 V1935 $3 $2 3.8% Social Security2 q) v. ]2 B% Z; {. G/ W7 p4 c
1936 $4 $5 5.1% Tax hikes4 u7 b6 `! w% X/ N, X% C
1937 $2 $3 2.4% Depression returned, third New Deal
: M) M/ o7 D f/ w9 `1938 $0 $1 0.1% Dust Bowl ended
, _0 u7 h! v- h% n* T) [# N# {1 r1939 $3 $3 3.0% Depression ended
y# f8 ?* _! Z& y' I1940 $3 $3 2.8% Defense increased4 U$ a& f, Z! ?
1941 $5 $6 3.8% Pearl Harbor
, {* e9 q6 k/ j1942 $21 $23 12.3% Battle of Midway- o- s( B# w) {$ n
1943 $55 $64 26.9% Defense tripled
* [$ k9 ]4 s8 w( N, I1944 $48 $64 21.2% Bretton Woods
4 A! y2 t7 e R5 S1945 $48 $58 20.0% WWII ended
6 g3 M5 o2 {' E! P0 a1946 $16 $11 7.0% Recession
, }* z9 h, @& ^* y+ o1947 ($4) ($11) (1.6%) Cold War/ z9 a: {# f! h% T. `+ ^
1948 ($12) ($6) (4.2%) Recession
; @2 j9 G L+ R# h; y" J" q _1949 ($1) $0 (0.2%) Recession. Y6 S8 h" o' u8 m1 u
1950 $3 $5 1.0% Korean War
' @& ]4 @2 {+ P* g p2 a( p1951 ($6) ($2) (1.7%) Expansion
1 ~$ w- Z% ~' Z$ q6 }1952 $2 $4 0.4% Expansion
# a. c" o: k6 x$ {0 P1953 $6 $7 1.7% Korean War ended, recession
8 y+ V {; q4 W- \/ K1954 $1 $5 0.3% Recession, Eisenhower budgets
& x3 m7 ?. C, s4 x1955 $3 $3 0.7% Expansion2 [8 z" o+ x! O' ]# h
1956 ($4) ($2) (0.9%) Expansion
2 h3 [5 u& @6 E3 A# \1957 ($3) ($2) (0.7%) Recession7 c5 L9 M& l4 `
1958 $3 $6 0.6% Recession ended
2 b R* u" `* U- J* h2 E1959 $13 $8 2.4% Fed raised rates8 o- f- L9 o1 J! {7 E# T
1960 $0 $2 (0.1%) Recession
+ p* |# p# q4 l- t5 u2 e- d1961 $3 $3 0.6% JFK & Bay of Pigs
, D5 I6 a( z! g% k8 W' Y+ d1962 $7 $10 1.2% Cuban Missile Crisis7 b- P& G' L$ B) [6 T. F. U5 C
1963 $5 $7 0.7% U.S. aids Vietnam, JFK killed# p- e4 {; A7 _
1964 $6 $6 0.9% LBJ War on Poverty
( i8 b/ M$ d. \9 [2 E1965 $1 $6 0.2% Medicare, Medicaid, Vietnam War A. t+ m& n2 a
1966 $4 $3 0.5%
- j1 R- A6 W* z+ h3 @1967 $9 $6 1.0% Expansion- f- b) V0 ~8 B F4 Z' ]
1968 $25 $21 2.6% Moon landing. Q+ T6 r0 t9 y
1969 ($3) $6 (0.3%) Nixon took office/ b% T4 @7 G9 [5 }; e
1970 $3 $17 0.3% Recession2 C& Q- a) R6 }
1971 $23 $27 2.0% Wage-price controls
- Y- J) W- Y2 }! D) o1972 $23 $29 1.8% Stagflation
4 @- p9 K# H" {# y1 @1973 $15 $31 1.0% End of gold standard
/ k% |. \- L9 F1 o7 {8 T1974 $6 $17 0.4% Budget process created, Watergate
5 @) J* ` V# u6 v% n) x1975 $53 $58 3.1% Ford budget, Vietnam War ended' l4 {) `+ d: g. v0 ?: w) a
1976 $74 $87 3.9% Stagflation
# { x- d6 y( R: ]1 Y3 t4 D1977 $54 $78 2.5% Stagflation
9 ]9 Q" P+ ?" ?( D. ^2 P/ B6 s1978 $59 $73 2.5% Carter budget, Recession
8 U' g+ Y$ J5 s* C1 C0 }1979 $41 $55 1.5% Recession: ~) L/ C2 [9 b2 Q" Z
1980 $74 $81 2.6% Volcker raised rates to 20%
) F4 o- A3 m9 z. V1981 $79 $90 2.4% Reagan tax cut
4 n: U4 L; \. b: k7 ?7 {7 I; z6 V; G: y1982 $128 $144 3.8% Reagan increased spending, e2 K: z2 |1 j4 L6 N& R+ Y
1983 $208 $235 5.6% Jobless rate was 10.8%" ^5 d, U0 z: [) m+ Z+ j
1984 $185 $195 4.5% Increased defense spending
; d. U2 D* `/ m- B; B) Y7 d1985 $212 $256 4.8% Increased defense spending% T% l2 z1 h, w3 i+ x
1986 $221 $297 4.8% Tax cut
5 v3 x! `4 Z$ C1987 $150 $225 3.1% Market crash/ @9 s6 a3 _9 b5 d7 {- e
1988 $155 $252 2.9% Fed raised rates
1 p9 B r. c, s0 c" t1989 $153 $255 2.7% S&L Crisis, Bush 41 budget4 u( s+ o3 ]" Y0 Y
1990 $221 $376 3.7% Desert Storm
, `8 \% K2 \, f9 s+ Y3 d1991 $269 $432 4.3% Recession
3 J$ @# \- M- S- d7 u B1992 $290 $399 4.4% Expansion. O. O. O9 b: l! Z, k" N* d
1993 $255 $347 3.7% Clinton signed Budget Act
. V/ H C g3 [& }1994 $203 $281 2.8% Clinton budget6 i% a+ P' p% ?7 Q. u
1995 $164 $281 2.1% Expansion$ _$ q! C) I: x3 p) K2 t. N0 }$ ]
1996 $107 $251 1.3% Welfare reform
% ?$ I' ]! `' m1997 $22 $188 0.3% Expansion$ K4 T' k! l0 Q
1998 ($69) $113 (0.8%) LTCM crisis, recession! E% v7 r1 G* S0 `; j, E; i
1999 ($126) $130 (1.3%) Glass-Steagall repealed
1 ^# x6 h- R/ b2000 ($236) $18 (2.3%) Surplus% v! v6 x! c( J8 b; t# C, A
2001 ($128) $133 (1.2%) 9/11 attacks, EGTRRA
! C2 G! P4 u4 u. Z: ~2 @2002 $158 $421 1.4% War on Terror/ B* x9 y2 ?0 i9 n$ R
2003 $378 $555 3.3% JGTRRA3 j N' G8 l1 X% @6 Y0 P& E
2004 $413 $596 3.4% Iraq War: {5 |% v! i( M- G# O9 @
2005 $318 $554 2.4% Katrina, Bankruptcy Act
2 k, Z) f% U0 t2 M4 v j- K2006 $248 $578 1.8% Bernanke chairs Fed
( k- {5 n# U' k$ M; T, X' E2007 $161 $501 1.1% Bank crisis
0 H; w% [5 \% X) ]1 |2008 $459 $1,017 3.1% Bank bailout, QE$ {0 z5 Q" ^2 ^& L% }* U: v. d, G
2009 $1,413 $1,632 9.8% Stimulus Act. Bank bailout cost $250B, ARRA added $241.9B$ L+ ^7 M/ o: s" u9 y5 l; w
2010 $1,294 $1,905 8.6% Obama tax cuts, ACA, Simpson-Bowles4 | d6 I& Q! S4 t' j
2011 $1,300 $1,229 8.3% Debt crisis, recession and tax cuts reduced revenue6 w4 S6 j# p4 ?0 R/ X0 ^, e
2012 $1,087 $1,276 6.7% Fiscal cliff
) \4 T3 e9 p8 D U2013 $679 $672 4.0% Sequester, government shutdown1 _8 ~( j# P' w9 ~3 E: r8 w
2014 $485 $1,086 2.7% Debt ceiling& x H5 u& k4 B9 G" j* Z8 {) n
2015 $438 $327 2.4% Defense = $736.4B
4 i& O. g* L! p& j- m _7 R, U2016 $585 $1,423 3.1% Defense = $767.6B
" v: c& t3 ]1 X1 R) _8 ]2017 $665 $672 3.4% Defense = $817.9B
4 y t0 E' M6 b$ s" i1 {) @2018 $779 $1,217 4.0% Defense = $890.8B. Trump tax cuts1 D9 }# g, G+ o. y/ X
2019 $1,091 $1,314 NA Defense = $956.5B% k/ m8 Z h) o; _' ]
2020 $1,101 $1,281 NA Defense = $989B7 C% u& g6 ]1 `, v7 z7 D
2021 $1,068 $1,276 NA NA4 V; t% p3 Y; s! L: t1 ^ F
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