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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑 : s1 ]3 r6 m$ N- \* t6 `
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http://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688; e& C: d5 J; K2 J8 S% h) b
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John Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China& y! F r- x1 G$ [
YANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of6 | K a5 R; E" ~/ h5 x. a
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.5 o: J. c+ V3 `) J
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LI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of" {6 H0 u! E( b, X, q
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.9 Z$ o/ @* N7 h/ i4 o7 ~8 G
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Supported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) ." l/ V3 X+ ?3 r9 A8 t3 V4 m% {
Received 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 2018
4 a0 V1 v* p) C d/ N. xPublished online 26 January 2018
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Abstract
( ^1 L6 l9 ~4 C$ V h1 ZJohn Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing% D/ Z2 Y2 C' Y8 G- n2 l/ k
Dynasty who came to China and was employed by The
" \5 x" N! u. M% m6 C1 F# sTranslation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been
+ y# o4 G$ B! i1 u) A% N" Bengaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not
8 S$ [, H- R" f3 r8 o, x0 i. ?% Donly having translated a great deal of Western scientific/ @: k, V% k2 w6 s/ z9 }8 C
works into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly& |: e# @9 `0 Y e! V6 ?
to the standardization of the scientific terminology
5 ?- {. d& G. H9 f7 \0 Rtranslation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s
; G; W F) Q8 S8 }$ ~scientific translation practice and his translation ideas,
, S2 l, k/ C3 Q$ T5 f4 A( i5 M6 Eand then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the, G* B& y# L* _' e9 a! F
standardization of the scientific terminology translation
! g7 `7 [- b4 y! g: win Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien
) D; ^% c* B$ b" |he established had helped greatly with the popularization
' w# B) `# N4 t$ b# d1 R9 B3 Kof modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring
- _: {- l2 _. C* l) qthe Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way
8 A3 f& G+ L) U3 a' t- C7 gfor the term translation of modern chemical elements, and
: A+ ~) b8 ]: z1 V2 a ]0 Lthat various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a
$ N2 j7 U; f( g0 B4 w ^great degree, had standardized the translation of scientific! x1 i# I4 ]$ \1 p' o$ G
terminology.
- s5 S/ I; I; H7 Z# H; m! P" TKey words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;% g$ k$ v# u2 n, R4 M, y" g
Standardization of terminology translation _3 l1 m3 e7 y% [9 q
Yang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to/ T2 k# W% ~/ f9 z8 J6 C3 d
Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern8 f7 z i% R, f) V" b* ?2 `9 m7 r
China. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available
8 z. o: O! i7 ofrom: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213
2 a0 B% A6 t2 e* JDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/102137 \9 z( k. ?# W7 E! P
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4 t% Z8 d6 K1 y- C; JINTRODUCTION
6 x3 v& L* w W5 q# {; i( VJohn Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and& y. L1 z5 @3 e F! p2 D1 D2 F' |
a great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).: e' r" |4 S1 D" A4 _$ m
Driven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to5 U4 _: o' y( q6 V
Hong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of: A H: o+ p; {6 ~8 ]
St. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed9 N4 _1 G& K+ v- N
by The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as
/ l0 u: e' s) O! g% g% Gan editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on2 O! o! B. c3 O" j2 a5 G
his job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-- s6 |; t# r; S8 {
1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific8 z7 G' Y; z; d$ x
works and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,
}: p, H# @0 @( B/ h! oFryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.! g7 b Y+ F8 [3 v! t7 z! \' l
Namely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated9 n& ?! o8 m- G, M+ [8 d" v* Y
to him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant
; {8 C6 a7 S& H/ r" g) vwould transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,
! K4 Q8 |6 @$ X. A* S' m+ erevise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,
6 Q( L" s' b* M& e: j1 B- yFryer translated more than one hundred of Western# o) k2 e0 x8 D* j; {1 u
books that made him the most productive one among the2 Y0 m' K0 y7 w( |+ q" F% ^
foreign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,
. S3 i7 X- b f0 j; w) n$ f' Mtranslating Western scientific books into Chinese was a
1 e: r2 Y5 {1 Y9 J# f1 ? z" onoble work which could help accelerate the process of4 P+ I! K9 n9 V3 Y( x* s" r
people’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).
- T/ @% ?% b6 S. g0 m) `5 {9 fIn addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer- H# @. m0 S7 F+ |* K: u5 s
also paid much attention to the dissemination of Western s4 Q2 m% s# k6 ^8 C8 r6 t
science and the standardization of translated scientific+ {4 m0 V% M9 N
terms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific- l6 y, p7 }% d, x$ u1 X" h6 o) X$ _
magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the; A7 l* \- J8 V1 A
establishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another
/ j1 O7 U h2 |( C, B! v0 v, u; Qcontribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series
/ W9 c+ V: r- k7 L! G: N( K k- k1 k" uof chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in$ ]( ?% q R+ ]9 ~4 l
Modern China.( n( `) |1 d. |
An American scholar Dagenais (2010) published
6 G0 C$ {( Q0 y! K4 EThe John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of3 d( i# p) T5 I' S8 ?* J- E9 }( M
travel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing
% e1 h6 o4 j* O4 za lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In+ D+ t3 M% [) i/ b7 g/ G4 d8 @' _
John Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and
( O3 {/ y+ v' q8 w; Y7 ?Technology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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