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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑
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http://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688* ?- c+ e! C, Y7 k. L* G
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John Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China2 \6 |, T! D' Y6 ~+ `/ j& d/ H
YANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
5 e' a0 l/ E, j. ~7 V# xFinance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
/ }" d% r* b0 e6 k* i Z" h o0 e; I G* }- Z; D
LI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of- n( V( l# v5 Q! u+ g
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.9 L& ^8 [* d( Z: ~
- y1 d5 k& ?$ i3 ^: {, X2 b) |Supported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .; ^# R3 F* A! c
Received 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 2018
" d. C B6 \' U/ m0 N E" ePublished online 26 January 2018! Z- i; ]. k5 V8 v! s: s! n
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Abstract! m: V- R" ]6 R U0 z$ Q) V
John Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing; P9 w f2 e9 r3 ^
Dynasty who came to China and was employed by The
# x1 Z( r0 `8 a/ z( F3 l( MTranslation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been' P& w( j; a2 C! P5 ~ _0 ]; v* N. S; g
engaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not
# [9 V! z, [5 ~! G, tonly having translated a great deal of Western scientific
0 C) [* ~& H, ^) S! Dworks into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly
0 K7 }$ L- i, A: p* d& B- M& Jto the standardization of the scientific terminology
9 W- o$ [1 `/ m4 s0 W1 d" S' _0 _5 T$ Gtranslation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s
. z& Y& H3 W* H% Lscientific translation practice and his translation ideas,' w5 t: Q1 I1 Y7 o$ Y& g E6 v/ ]9 ?
and then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the( x" N7 V( Q" _+ \# Q& S* j9 x
standardization of the scientific terminology translation: N. K4 g3 v6 y+ t8 Q" ], J! H
in Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien @" J" Z: z' [5 ?
he established had helped greatly with the popularization' ~9 p- b: r: F4 U/ G& ]7 o; D
of modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring
2 V2 H+ L# U/ j) I! H* _ }9 O, {the Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way9 m* @& t' F! M7 n! ]
for the term translation of modern chemical elements, and% e% m6 `% N4 I. s0 Y+ \
that various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a, q3 e5 u" b$ t" n
great degree, had standardized the translation of scientific
1 Z) O' m6 r! u* T5 c; ]7 i' _terminology.
, B* D# i* X, I& B+ {5 Z( YKey words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;
* s. C, A$ |* ]5 AStandardization of terminology translation& F1 P3 r6 t* @% y% z+ r
Yang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to
8 n, M! q9 F3 [! V* SStandardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern
) l5 o1 M% Y# S3 l* `! hChina. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available$ x2 b3 u* x% J9 f
from: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213
% m# U" ~7 j+ ]& i3 l9 D# NDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/10213
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g8 X' v$ |! A& K2 B# uINTRODUCTION
# s) D) j$ Z0 kJohn Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and* ^8 A& h* B: \; b. O
a great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).
' v4 k$ l* r% U9 F! {4 j4 xDriven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to
. I K3 S7 `+ P5 B: V8 dHong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of
' R" S1 h! m: J9 l' bSt. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed
+ E( Q* j: Z# qby The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as" n% t: P: {: G! u! G
an editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on
- [, [2 q: `( K+ R5 d% \7 r: z. ahis job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-0 x9 t6 [/ h2 i9 C9 v2 W" q" B
1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific
9 I# V' g3 q. c8 a, v( [works and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,
/ H. ~# ]6 A9 _+ k6 G- d$ yFryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.4 a5 O$ ?$ `8 K/ M) Y- |
Namely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated9 m/ S- O( ^( k8 S/ M
to him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant
, J5 n* O& @! J9 X& t! t0 I7 \would transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,4 q Y. E3 u" ?& i6 L
revise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,
# Q# k) m1 J0 P7 F7 f( EFryer translated more than one hundred of Western
0 \( H3 z) c' V; fbooks that made him the most productive one among the
7 i' r, _8 K7 e9 V' w! w7 K# cforeign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,
+ m/ k3 s/ j0 I8 Etranslating Western scientific books into Chinese was a
# _( @8 b- e Y/ ?$ anoble work which could help accelerate the process of9 D& m9 p) }6 v6 v5 O' N% x
people’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).
; `" |/ m$ C1 b$ |3 N, h% P4 wIn addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer
: W" a/ q$ V/ [# e" S H8 T; Q0 balso paid much attention to the dissemination of Western
% ?5 }' J. T. n+ Nscience and the standardization of translated scientific
2 K9 w: K& P- x" s- z/ u* Mterms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific
& E. Q! H! t5 R* z" f$ A8 |magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the9 c' j- E5 z9 b& O* D1 o6 W+ V/ ^
establishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another" G8 T/ ]& R4 G$ T0 u
contribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series! h2 F/ f# T$ `( C: F
of chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in
4 W* ?: k& I i- T. s, V1 Z/ jModern China.' D2 K2 J, F5 p" _+ |4 P
An American scholar Dagenais (2010) published- M+ F. @6 e( r6 q/ }7 L* d* t( J% q
The John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of
+ |' ~( E) j# V/ e% {: [travel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing& [9 `- O* ^, ?6 k) a
a lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In
4 f' G) C% L5 {0 E! HJohn Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and' W: C, P- u1 w5 x! {, y
Technology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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