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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑 0 N T- f/ L1 a3 I5 m# w; \
: T( f9 B9 N( c; x7 U$ [( Xhttp://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688
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John Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China
# i' z" X0 T0 E1 M9 u7 @9 jYANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of& m, b8 s/ K' Y- Y9 N
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.( g4 y+ T7 o* [4 e: b
! _5 b. m; `* n8 N& k! LLI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of# z* t* r; n- m( n7 I- a( c- b& F8 Y
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.5 ?1 p& i0 p$ d4 S3 @
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Supported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .8 M- ?+ S# N! h* H+ Y L
Received 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 20185 o# f- i( ~. [1 {3 f) H2 S3 A
Published online 26 January 2018
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Abstract
9 k \. k. v% u4 A+ r+ b" kJohn Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing
- O6 }( s$ o1 P7 Z# ZDynasty who came to China and was employed by The
$ {" f( a0 C0 _% B) ~3 ~Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been
. L, s6 c1 l Eengaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not
8 z0 p3 d' p7 ~) {/ jonly having translated a great deal of Western scientific
) H* T1 }: U# ]2 Z* Gworks into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly6 E) g# M+ ^1 C& s- O! w8 k" X
to the standardization of the scientific terminology# x* Q5 w0 V) n* s
translation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s
3 ]0 I/ p% f, M6 y" A: G$ tscientific translation practice and his translation ideas,1 _0 d) ?# j- H |
and then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the
, y9 f% o! P/ ]8 lstandardization of the scientific terminology translation
/ L& v$ T# Y0 q# ]2 Y0 J: c7 G5 Bin Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien* m. G$ S! i. I& S8 z
he established had helped greatly with the popularization0 L0 C2 j# N8 f2 Q
of modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring
! o, C u, u {. Hthe Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way/ h5 H% u+ V! b
for the term translation of modern chemical elements, and9 [2 ], }' \% S: @. G! N
that various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a P* N K- W2 X, ]5 f* k
great degree, had standardized the translation of scientific
# j( A1 J+ b0 Iterminology.% Q2 F- @! R, R. ?& m; A) m' I5 ]! w
Key words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;
2 d* A4 l" @9 a6 C5 h8 }5 qStandardization of terminology translation( P: K: i" H6 [5 s2 |
Yang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to
" [ F" {& W I; B* {8 ]" VStandardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern/ C' l7 q. c5 J+ @! F
China. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available, u( f }4 Z/ I3 e. c% l
from: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213# x3 V8 Z1 c) w- j6 f
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/10213 t' V" U* f7 t% t
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- Z. A4 d7 ~1 A$ J0 |! ?INTRODUCTION9 |$ U9 _' ~7 _4 [1 q& A. U
John Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and
6 U% y( H2 I" l( [. k8 p& h1 Ka great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).
/ ?: t, r; _% v% }" pDriven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to2 l% s" b+ l% u8 G. Q9 k" Z5 v
Hong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of, Y ^0 ]; N- h* n( P$ X
St. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed
2 ?/ N- q. z0 {- \, kby The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as, V8 ?' v0 f, B& g" \
an editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on
! @* w( d4 R: S$ U! U0 l# x& ~his job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-% w- ?& P0 Q# I! x1 x7 B1 m& l
1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific9 X) M& }3 w. c$ A0 E R
works and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,
- V$ D% U6 {; i' s. E1 U* |7 mFryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.) Q& G' `- _8 }$ ^$ l3 w
Namely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated* g) T: @ }- y
to him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant
: R3 u5 {: X0 Q8 ywould transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,
7 s5 {- U, Y1 [7 I+ Grevise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,- K' \/ e% C8 C
Fryer translated more than one hundred of Western- ?0 e, o2 ?" {
books that made him the most productive one among the& S2 e: R6 K0 ]# v H- m
foreign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,
5 p" w) m6 @: Z6 i! s# Mtranslating Western scientific books into Chinese was a/ f8 S& v! B) `( E8 F- y: [6 L
noble work which could help accelerate the process of- u7 _0 `. @; o4 i
people’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).
/ g/ G* y. h6 X& ?' }" RIn addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer
& J, l9 L: I+ L$ e3 v9 ~also paid much attention to the dissemination of Western
" v' Z7 d g/ I# z0 V. _: K2 |0 fscience and the standardization of translated scientific
& d! l: ?$ h9 G/ g/ c6 x- p( v& q. Wterms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific. }( h# o4 `( ^; q
magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the. N# s5 }( x- A; D; X4 v
establishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another1 j6 s0 B. u6 U/ F) P* z2 Y
contribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series
) J2 T# S# ?2 K8 W) w5 mof chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in* N v7 E7 d7 ] D' W/ [
Modern China.
% z, P' {4 v" R! wAn American scholar Dagenais (2010) published
+ ^( X8 e+ w5 P" v2 }# Y8 fThe John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of
) w+ Y* p; L) otravel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing/ v O2 V- s0 w3 ]+ _3 k; V4 v3 J
a lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In4 V1 D# Y0 s+ |
John Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and E2 E' e& v) `# j% J5 _
Technology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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