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How to figure a home's fundamental value
9 g; J- n0 i' k2 g- B$ E* @9 I- kLeamer says he can tell because homes, just like stocks, have a price-to-earnings ratio (P/E) that he believes determines their fundamental value. The “earnings” part of the ratio consists of the annual rent the house could command. Homebuyers can compare current P/Es with historical levels, Leamer says, to get some idea of whether houses in their cities are becoming overvalued.# }# x: _9 J# V* w% Y! r" W
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Not everyone buys the idea that P/Es dictate value. But investors who completely ignore P/Es do so at their peril, as many have learned in recent years. Leamer, who heads the prestigious Anderson Forecast at the University of California in Los Angeles, points out that the P/E for the Standard & Poor’s 500, a key stock benchmark, was nearly double its previous historical high when the stock market bubble burst in 2000. When home P/Es peaked in California, Boston, Dallas and other markets in the mid-1980s, devastating real estate recessions followed.
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& v4 t/ _: D2 W: b4 ^Leamer didn’t invent the concept of P/Es for homes. But his willingness to proclaim bubbles in several of the nation’s hottest markets has brought him lots of attention recently.2 d' T/ c( n3 L
' q! Y5 V1 q8 L$ K* YTo calculate P/Es for entire cities, Leamer divided the median home price in each by the annual rent for a two-bedroom unit in each city -- and looked at P/Es each year since 1988. Here’s what he found:
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In Boston, the residential real estate market’s P/E recently topped 30 -- compared with just under 20 in 1988.
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San Francisco’s previous peak of 25.6 in 1989 has been eclipsed, with the P/E currently at just over 27.
/ S6 l3 h R: g4 C2 m- BSan Diego’s current P/E is nearly 30, compared with a 1989 high of 23.4.- h: M+ {+ R5 w: r! H
New York, by contrast, is actually well below previous peaks. The area’s current 22.5 P/E is above its recent nadir of 17.6 in 1993, but down from 28.6 in 1988.
/ ?+ l5 @8 O# j( qYou don’t have to know exact P/Es, however, to spot signs of trouble, Leamer says. Any time there’s a disconnect between prices and the underlying value of homes, as measured by their market rents, there’s the potential for a bubble. [ _% Q7 g% Q. g6 C! E
# @* m5 O0 e$ R# s6 nIf home prices are rising much faster than rents, as is true in Los Angeles, that’s a strong indication a bubble is forming.8 E9 R) b( n* [) B1 X7 ~9 o
# w6 j4 n1 _* o- H& ^) `$ xIf home prices are rising while average rents are falling -- which is the situation in San Francisco -- the bubble is pretty much unmistakable.3 X2 F9 ]0 c( _; s9 f1 c- J9 ~0 k! I
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Home P/E ratios for 9 metro areas
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Boston 20.5 30.2
9 ^7 Y0 E. P& wSan Diego 22.8 29.7
9 [- ^* t; p9 F5 s% w# eSan Francisco 23.8 27.2
) d6 r& m, @) kLos Angeles 21.3 25.6
i: U& i! d5 H x' rSeattle 20.4 25 ; V N% j1 M: a4 a9 a7 H! ~ N
Denver 17.7 23.7 0 A* g4 q$ H! i, N
New York 21.2 22.5
5 \ G6 G# m: I B5 \) P6 A% O# n( ]+ F, h: vChicago 17.2 20.8 * k3 n- q+ F* g/ S# X4 E( v& {3 G
Washington, D.C. 17.1 20.4 6 `- P" ^: G/ t* w# [" n$ N9 y4 y: C
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It's difficult to compare P/Es from one city with those from another. P/Es in Atlantic City, N.J., have wavered between 17.3 and 11.6 since 1988; in San Diego, P/Es have not dropped below 20. But you can look on the P/E as a measure of risk -- that is, the higher the P/E is above its average level, the greater the risk, no matter where you live.$ D9 [! R. I, I/ d
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From: http://moneycentral.msn.com/cont ... ingguide/P37631.asp |
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