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How to figure a home's fundamental value
$ L: {1 ~% N4 I, e& j3 X5 S8 e( @Leamer says he can tell because homes, just like stocks, have a price-to-earnings ratio (P/E) that he believes determines their fundamental value. The “earnings” part of the ratio consists of the annual rent the house could command. Homebuyers can compare current P/Es with historical levels, Leamer says, to get some idea of whether houses in their cities are becoming overvalued.4 G. h- `% s/ L+ ^: P
0 K a) O+ z& N! X) e" YNot everyone buys the idea that P/Es dictate value. But investors who completely ignore P/Es do so at their peril, as many have learned in recent years. Leamer, who heads the prestigious Anderson Forecast at the University of California in Los Angeles, points out that the P/E for the Standard & Poor’s 500, a key stock benchmark, was nearly double its previous historical high when the stock market bubble burst in 2000. When home P/Es peaked in California, Boston, Dallas and other markets in the mid-1980s, devastating real estate recessions followed.
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% g/ S7 t% t1 z6 `- I! \6 F7 mLeamer didn’t invent the concept of P/Es for homes. But his willingness to proclaim bubbles in several of the nation’s hottest markets has brought him lots of attention recently.
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, x1 y8 {9 O( p$ Z fTo calculate P/Es for entire cities, Leamer divided the median home price in each by the annual rent for a two-bedroom unit in each city -- and looked at P/Es each year since 1988. Here’s what he found:
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In Boston, the residential real estate market’s P/E recently topped 30 -- compared with just under 20 in 1988.$ [+ _+ U- i; _% g a$ c* _1 G z
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San Francisco’s previous peak of 25.6 in 1989 has been eclipsed, with the P/E currently at just over 27.: e T2 x) d" g/ ~7 l
San Diego’s current P/E is nearly 30, compared with a 1989 high of 23.4.) T; H7 w+ \6 C" c) o- z
New York, by contrast, is actually well below previous peaks. The area’s current 22.5 P/E is above its recent nadir of 17.6 in 1993, but down from 28.6 in 1988.
. B. b1 o7 I; L' O0 JYou don’t have to know exact P/Es, however, to spot signs of trouble, Leamer says. Any time there’s a disconnect between prices and the underlying value of homes, as measured by their market rents, there’s the potential for a bubble.
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+ u1 w" N, C8 |& }If home prices are rising much faster than rents, as is true in Los Angeles, that’s a strong indication a bubble is forming.
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# u: v% V# s8 h t! `( bIf home prices are rising while average rents are falling -- which is the situation in San Francisco -- the bubble is pretty much unmistakable.
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' e7 ]! K% Z" H; t Home P/E ratios for 9 metro areas
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Boston 20.5 30.2
) e, z: }+ U- e& MSan Diego 22.8 29.7
2 i* S0 @% f& g9 }- [+ g0 LSan Francisco 23.8 27.2
6 w$ o# c/ s0 ~# b. x$ W- lLos Angeles 21.3 25.6 & _. S; {# Q3 A; t: z/ t0 F5 ~
Seattle 20.4 25
3 S, D5 I8 w0 [0 x& k3 k; X1 J$ a6 YDenver 17.7 23.7
$ \ A/ H% K7 F C$ H$ d/ |: [New York 21.2 22.5 " @) `5 A) T. @$ W# p0 I- d; \
Chicago 17.2 20.8
* c9 C1 P1 q4 m8 @ m+ L( iWashington, D.C. 17.1 20.4 ' ]. P1 g$ Z0 P+ b. l- N# b! V
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" e$ @/ Q3 B$ S9 `2 o. _- `+ U3 C5 C% `It's difficult to compare P/Es from one city with those from another. P/Es in Atlantic City, N.J., have wavered between 17.3 and 11.6 since 1988; in San Diego, P/Es have not dropped below 20. But you can look on the P/E as a measure of risk -- that is, the higher the P/E is above its average level, the greater the risk, no matter where you live.
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From: http://moneycentral.msn.com/cont ... ingguide/P37631.asp |
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