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How to figure a home's fundamental value1 ?7 u( G$ \3 H$ e3 e9 W( N4 C9 i9 F
Leamer says he can tell because homes, just like stocks, have a price-to-earnings ratio (P/E) that he believes determines their fundamental value. The “earnings” part of the ratio consists of the annual rent the house could command. Homebuyers can compare current P/Es with historical levels, Leamer says, to get some idea of whether houses in their cities are becoming overvalued.
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Not everyone buys the idea that P/Es dictate value. But investors who completely ignore P/Es do so at their peril, as many have learned in recent years. Leamer, who heads the prestigious Anderson Forecast at the University of California in Los Angeles, points out that the P/E for the Standard & Poor’s 500, a key stock benchmark, was nearly double its previous historical high when the stock market bubble burst in 2000. When home P/Es peaked in California, Boston, Dallas and other markets in the mid-1980s, devastating real estate recessions followed.8 w6 D2 z5 N+ V) i0 _2 s/ S4 N
$ p2 d3 t$ ^, w; bLeamer didn’t invent the concept of P/Es for homes. But his willingness to proclaim bubbles in several of the nation’s hottest markets has brought him lots of attention recently.( c; i. }. a) {# f
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To calculate P/Es for entire cities, Leamer divided the median home price in each by the annual rent for a two-bedroom unit in each city -- and looked at P/Es each year since 1988. Here’s what he found:
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In Boston, the residential real estate market’s P/E recently topped 30 -- compared with just under 20 in 1988.
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San Francisco’s previous peak of 25.6 in 1989 has been eclipsed, with the P/E currently at just over 27.
# Z; p" Q0 A5 |8 K. F8 O: \) C; oSan Diego’s current P/E is nearly 30, compared with a 1989 high of 23.4.) B- t" H W! ~: o- v' b; \
New York, by contrast, is actually well below previous peaks. The area’s current 22.5 P/E is above its recent nadir of 17.6 in 1993, but down from 28.6 in 1988.
6 \+ w, W1 s' [2 V* L+ KYou don’t have to know exact P/Es, however, to spot signs of trouble, Leamer says. Any time there’s a disconnect between prices and the underlying value of homes, as measured by their market rents, there’s the potential for a bubble.
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9 b/ O( e3 A" eIf home prices are rising much faster than rents, as is true in Los Angeles, that’s a strong indication a bubble is forming.+ \4 z, ^% t1 H, ^+ ^0 D" U( w
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If home prices are rising while average rents are falling -- which is the situation in San Francisco -- the bubble is pretty much unmistakable.
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f6 F& Q9 ?; y% o B, _% b Home P/E ratios for 9 metro areas ' @, h+ q& ]2 V% B0 E
Avg. 1988-2000 2001 1 a! P3 z: J7 d% g
Boston 20.5 30.2
; C7 f$ R5 x* o. h& XSan Diego 22.8 29.7 % `3 J$ |7 X6 x! D. g H% B8 h1 P( T [
San Francisco 23.8 27.2 1 r. C8 w( a# T0 g5 q4 l
Los Angeles 21.3 25.6
3 j" G4 s/ M3 S: L1 u9 M* Y+ H! }/ O7 wSeattle 20.4 25
5 e+ X! `' f% [* U* X% ^+ J4 ^Denver 17.7 23.7 ! e1 b% [# W/ F6 Z& b4 r. B
New York 21.2 22.5 & o4 n9 L" L `8 I
Chicago 17.2 20.8 0 r9 J# K V/ A9 Y
Washington, D.C. 17.1 20.4 + p0 p0 u& A/ v. W: U* L( o* D
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* W3 c( F+ ~# l/ P4 a+ HIt's difficult to compare P/Es from one city with those from another. P/Es in Atlantic City, N.J., have wavered between 17.3 and 11.6 since 1988; in San Diego, P/Es have not dropped below 20. But you can look on the P/E as a measure of risk -- that is, the higher the P/E is above its average level, the greater the risk, no matter where you live.* q, e# e4 W3 N& S! S( E# U! D
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* ]2 l" C5 \; k: Y/ R f( ]- R7 Z6 VFrom: http://moneycentral.msn.com/cont ... ingguide/P37631.asp |
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