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How to figure a home's fundamental value+ G1 }8 [5 E7 U: Y: n- u
Leamer says he can tell because homes, just like stocks, have a price-to-earnings ratio (P/E) that he believes determines their fundamental value. The “earnings” part of the ratio consists of the annual rent the house could command. Homebuyers can compare current P/Es with historical levels, Leamer says, to get some idea of whether houses in their cities are becoming overvalued.. p; d' A! X, x( Y3 F
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Not everyone buys the idea that P/Es dictate value. But investors who completely ignore P/Es do so at their peril, as many have learned in recent years. Leamer, who heads the prestigious Anderson Forecast at the University of California in Los Angeles, points out that the P/E for the Standard & Poor’s 500, a key stock benchmark, was nearly double its previous historical high when the stock market bubble burst in 2000. When home P/Es peaked in California, Boston, Dallas and other markets in the mid-1980s, devastating real estate recessions followed.
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% L9 d0 s9 q* {* g$ r3 FLeamer didn’t invent the concept of P/Es for homes. But his willingness to proclaim bubbles in several of the nation’s hottest markets has brought him lots of attention recently.8 Y' O) E/ m2 T2 J- S
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To calculate P/Es for entire cities, Leamer divided the median home price in each by the annual rent for a two-bedroom unit in each city -- and looked at P/Es each year since 1988. Here’s what he found:
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5 ]$ L, l) J* ZIn Boston, the residential real estate market’s P/E recently topped 30 -- compared with just under 20 in 1988.
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San Francisco’s previous peak of 25.6 in 1989 has been eclipsed, with the P/E currently at just over 27.
; C% b* Z( H: O2 q4 P$ W+ uSan Diego’s current P/E is nearly 30, compared with a 1989 high of 23.4.
& M2 w2 G4 ]/ eNew York, by contrast, is actually well below previous peaks. The area’s current 22.5 P/E is above its recent nadir of 17.6 in 1993, but down from 28.6 in 1988.
4 [+ p% u( l% @7 w$ _You don’t have to know exact P/Es, however, to spot signs of trouble, Leamer says. Any time there’s a disconnect between prices and the underlying value of homes, as measured by their market rents, there’s the potential for a bubble. 1 @6 P1 h6 g9 O6 e$ v+ `
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If home prices are rising much faster than rents, as is true in Los Angeles, that’s a strong indication a bubble is forming.
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6 a$ [8 F! \* M8 D4 `& s# FIf home prices are rising while average rents are falling -- which is the situation in San Francisco -- the bubble is pretty much unmistakable.
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3 n/ O' _/ D' {$ Q7 ~; O: m Home P/E ratios for 9 metro areas
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Boston 20.5 30.2 l9 t; u% A& `. o& x
San Diego 22.8 29.7 8 [( B7 @/ D/ R/ U6 h1 b! S
San Francisco 23.8 27.2
! K7 @% }$ C1 @: s8 g pLos Angeles 21.3 25.6 0 X3 n' r8 N! S0 o2 H4 y6 s
Seattle 20.4 25
; H& D1 J$ y6 @- O& GDenver 17.7 23.7 K1 V. l1 E5 U _% x4 P9 c
New York 21.2 22.5 q2 c9 b# X+ p( Q8 h
Chicago 17.2 20.8
" j% { ~, e& e. V- b7 l7 t0 GWashington, D.C. 17.1 20.4
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/ z$ a, i; g. m: j, WIt's difficult to compare P/Es from one city with those from another. P/Es in Atlantic City, N.J., have wavered between 17.3 and 11.6 since 1988; in San Diego, P/Es have not dropped below 20. But you can look on the P/E as a measure of risk -- that is, the higher the P/E is above its average level, the greater the risk, no matter where you live.
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4 t: B" t0 f8 L- q+ W) u: aFrom: http://moneycentral.msn.com/cont ... ingguide/P37631.asp |
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