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谈英语俚语/ p+ J G7 j0 i5 E
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) j! y0 V& X% W8 k9 l5 d* Q在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯, S' R4 k+ l2 D8 K0 q9 {% v: p
之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。: H3 F" K O/ D; y( O
若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!
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. Q4 }; U3 `9 Q8 c: ~- S1 J(1) empty suit:- t8 @& i/ s% Y' |# [1 Y& M
指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。
2 O& v. t D1 N9 q# f& ?! K, l L(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。)
- L) A6 I. n& y% J例如:& R2 K# y! o5 m+ Q3 P2 V2 m5 ~( y" M
An empty suit generally gets no attention from the public." d! y2 x; ~, f* o& `, E3 k
(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。)
$ {: |% Q6 z, c4 pMr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit.
. J) a Z* z3 R+ J(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。)
3 g. r4 g( u- J& A" V5 Z. H' _虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:8 `) Y! x4 S( g% K5 }% @% ]! N
The company is filled with a lot of empty suits.1 x& ^2 C! A9 ?+ y
(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人)
" n) m; H; p# K6 D2 u1 L(2) fair-haired boy:5 H9 n9 i8 o0 v8 x+ {# B
指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man)
* v" p# T" r7 R7 _7 A(通常用单数,当名词用). s4 w l* {3 R m" a
例如:
! g- f u2 k6 i; o0 y1 W. f UMr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent.8 |; b) K5 s5 Y( J3 O/ g
( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。)2 Z6 H1 S- }# |6 @
Not being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.2 I. ]0 I2 v" `4 y8 J3 C; E
(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。)* @& x. ]4 y+ b9 v% {+ s
有时也可用复数:- f8 w5 }0 {+ c# _! E
Mr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet.
: r( I! G& [% c4 P" o+ `& f' M(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。)2 c' i1 r( X4 b- \) D( p
Fair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses.
w8 C( }+ k9 k) [* z7 r(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)
. p, l) Z' w8 i9 }. |' v- q(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法); Q$ }; J7 B$ t7 [( u3 e
(3) fishing expedition:9 F, e# x2 H! A: \
为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information)
& f7 a) [5 y7 K: z- c& }1 r(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数)( J: [& o( f6 M9 f6 f# t% U
例如:
7 ]+ v F7 c3 I% d% [2 \. DThe judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.$ M+ c& n' X& _
(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。)
0 @, M+ S. h9 P5 e$ [The police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case." G( m# ]! B2 c# l! ~ g
(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。)6 C+ o0 q8 u8 j: F) w1 P+ v
(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict)4 j" I9 `0 f* G( m# X M8 d# P8 o
The reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War.8 H; N+ U( ?" _* }& M( g# T
(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。)
/ H- \# l" O6 c o. n% P偶尔也有人用复数:; W! G4 N0 n4 { ^
Several fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office.7 U# ` r% P) V7 ]! C
(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。). B4 X- u9 p1 v1 g+ v0 Z
(4) filthy rich:
" D6 q0 A$ e0 ]+ D$ o$ S意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy)
8 M0 y# z' i- [6 e9 b(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)
- t ~6 Z& e" h X4 h多半当形容词用。例如:) M! l! o5 v& v1 H1 r
With a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich.
6 C2 W: @* _: U _( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。)( G- b" J1 {5 H
Despite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.
! t/ l3 _7 O+ c/ y(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。)
# K5 F2 w" K3 ~. D% CA filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.
! o5 K& L$ P7 t% k% O8 I/ V r! l(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)
9 D9 }' ?3 E: q, q) xFilthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.6 D0 {) n+ v& n$ M
(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。)
+ E1 D, F/ b; D9 {' n4 S+ g& v(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)
2 T" P5 s$ b' n(5) fairy godmother:4 L2 D' F( Q8 p, H" x# l* }
指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance)% q ]5 u7 B: X/ u ^* b' H* i7 I" c7 |) r
(多半指有钱的女人)
* \" H% @* o; X(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:4 T, M! S+ Y1 ]* P0 e) W
Mr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars.
: X; {+ W* b3 A% d( o6 |' h! k(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。)! n+ S3 `1 `0 I4 a3 q$ U y
After lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother.
1 i( B; \- A7 T0 c9 Q f6 U/ V(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。)
( h6 i1 f, A) A% e8 u; U0 ^* u有时也用复数:9 {5 F+ X( @" Y P, U
Only business women can act as fairy godmothers.
) G. O, J$ W/ ~; u/ e0 u6 v(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。)8 |- Q9 Y8 q& H e8 y/ j
In Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.
% j: t, U# a2 m! y6 G( Z* k; G(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)$ U U* o1 y* u+ H# b! }
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6 H! Q7 C- Z6 _6)eye opener:( B# q4 X! _& N2 U9 V2 E: I0 d8 Y
指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion)
L1 B; X8 M' E m' w3 b v, T(当名词用;通常只用单数)' x* m3 K6 g t7 t8 A$ \
例如:
2 l, s' e) _& [8 |1 ?1 p6 Q3 uYour wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters.
7 {& n# {! U7 o. n7 L5 v(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。)# J. f0 N3 a6 F G0 A' h9 f
Mr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener.
2 m2 g0 G: k6 w& N- k5 P(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。)9 @( \1 S% |% Z$ g4 O: S+ ?; U6 i" M
The popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants./ [7 a6 ]" @& a2 T' x/ z& ~" J% H
(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。)
& j9 x, c( _, n$ w% ^( x/ b3 H. ~Some American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people.1 l6 j, W) Y& z p! g1 o
(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。)
6 r' G6 h2 Q; g$ [(7) hot dog:
0 _ e' D# T# \6 K7 T指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用)7 V0 P& d+ y* \3 ?( S# A0 N4 Z
例如:" e, o7 Q- h$ e7 H
Some young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.
, ]! y' s% ^- x3 X3 ^/ Y(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。)* x/ I3 R5 W7 X- `( G+ n# B, X
(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers)) `# s! w+ ]( K
In front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog.7 l4 J6 b" o* n7 [: {2 S
(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。)3 L( u7 L5 V" \1 C4 Z4 F* z
(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging)
: {/ Y" E0 d/ l; C/ N8 r; Q2 f) A, BDuring the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.6 e% f* ~/ u% A3 \! a+ f
(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。)' M8 l/ x( P6 r U6 E
也指真正的热狗食物:
( i/ w5 z i: L, q6 N( Z6 iThe hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.
/ O( P8 R0 o4 y+ K' a' e(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。)5 F* v/ ?1 Z( u6 b
也可表达欣赏的心情:
/ P; u7 e0 Y, D& p s6 f0 QHot dog ! What great news for me. q; @% y# b# ~+ t9 T
(真棒!对我来说是好消息。)
3 h: t+ I# j4 @7 C(8)eager beaver:
6 M+ w2 N$ h* Z$ J2 t8 _. e" Y" C8 L2 L指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others)3 v- e# j2 W% X( D$ h2 |7 D
(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。)# ^* j% p0 I- V
(当名词用,可指男女)
. P% Q3 J# D1 A# p例如:. j5 I# S' F: {( r: w9 G7 Z5 w
John seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late.. Q D. G) M1 }
(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。)
" z/ n+ h& w8 d9 fBeing an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.' A6 D: w& n/ _# ~% w
(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)
# n! G$ g6 Z: j( t. QDoes Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?3 o; C. v% C. p3 f
(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?)( M8 B8 Z7 Y5 y
You may find some eager beavers in any organizations.
2 X* ?8 k; S1 |5 ~5 k6 f% i(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。)
+ L" X! a9 n, ?0 _" p0 ](9)doubting Thomas:
" l4 ]/ h" q* r( j4 s这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others)) ~8 b) Z l$ j+ A! o) M& j
(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活)# B. M t0 i3 t+ Q
(当名词用)0 D5 l Z; c* L( I: n& Q
例如:+ J. s" X7 e6 ~5 L
I am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise.
7 w0 g" E- {/ x; d9 t& ]. k8 n' ], w(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。)
( d2 Z+ n% u% A0 _There must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas., F/ {% H) r* L. Z+ d6 s
(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。)" f, T% M& }, I/ p
也可用复数:2 Z4 @; y5 R' P" u. f7 x
My friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.
0 I) e- b: B. |% ]8 ^(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。), b: S0 c9 I/ d
If there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another." G0 P, {1 b$ x: H, k( O/ v
(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)
" G4 n- x, x8 ^(10)dragon lady:3 N) w( Z8 K, I2 ~$ ~* S/ m+ a
指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用)
: M& q3 }& K! u例如:
, Y) G0 N. o) @4 l, rThe chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.
' Q; l9 H! p: V8 L' \(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。)% M3 M# Y" j9 z8 W8 C) V0 o
I am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady.
0 g; c6 F7 L# B' d0 Z' W% p(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。)' `, Z& g! V# K0 e3 j+ t2 D
Should your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?
% r8 `+ \- ? s; P A. S4 l(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?)4 s# p. C( }& o) n, B: A2 E
也可用复数:
% E$ B% y3 k1 H' S6 C9 }/ c& PThere may be many dragon ladies in our community.* s3 R9 x3 g/ e5 V& b
(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。)) c8 t* N2 N0 l: |) A
注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表 |
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