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谈英语俚语

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发表于 2006-11-26 05:56 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
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谈英语俚语6 W; y9 ^- s, g# k+ Z7 N
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3 D- Z4 ~; J6 W! q. `2 V* t  y4 R在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯. d% v6 J) m1 T' A. ^6 @
之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。
) ^8 {/ N/ D, y& o- T6 G: e8 q  b若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!' c; X  Q8 \2 D2 A2 ?& P0 w

7 k1 o7 F1 O7 x5 C% b% ~' U1 D(1) empty suit:
/ n. @& v! u! M: b* ^5 F7 |指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。
' g5 E% o# {+ I: W$ [4 V(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。)
. x& n% V! Z$ ]+ S, c- M! P& h例如:
: P  u" i2 @: t6 W" BAn empty suit generally gets no attention from the public.; f1 i- L0 u, N# U
(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。)
7 a8 A( b( d! S7 P2 D: V/ {* `Mr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit.
; m; D0 G4 A' ^# I1 E/ Y4 r  x/ L- c(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。)
3 ~/ ^5 ^& Z$ d! D, M虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:
8 j( Z  r, ^; J2 E! dThe company is filled with a lot of empty suits.! e3 A0 A, C( Y
(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人); S% A3 i5 s  X0 H& T+ T6 s# d
(2) fair-haired boy:- A0 h: y! ^3 ~8 M' R2 V
指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man)
9 p2 _9 O4 \& [(通常用单数,当名词用)
8 w3 Y7 Y' @0 b# h) H例如:/ F2 I; c) G- j: y( ]. b. q
Mr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent.
% K+ e* @( U' B( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。); d0 U  m9 S1 g6 O, P" N! n
Not being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.' B$ S/ j2 B+ e2 Q! h) G$ M
(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。)$ P! ~7 [2 z  ]3 W# U
有时也可用复数:
0 I+ X9 o- _2 o9 o, vMr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet.  s- j( {1 R8 S+ x1 u3 S$ K
(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。)
4 z. S5 y- ]4 C2 I, u+ e6 q/ H% {Fair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses.
% R& i$ S; `1 H$ g(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)
  U' K  ^' P7 a$ O(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法)
3 J2 T: y$ X4 e+ E(3) fishing expedition:
! l* i& S& o8 h, M0 f, y4 F为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information)/ y1 ^0 _. S6 v: F7 P( @
(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数)
, K% G4 O% C( E* j例如:3 k3 Q% G/ g' |% \5 l8 Q
The judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him./ V6 y5 R' L) Z/ c2 N0 ~6 l
(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。)
- a: G0 S# {* p3 q- I5 mThe police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case.
) O! M! J7 i) Q5 o8 ?# {& ~7 w  r! ?(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。)
- H" e3 H1 U" A% ^( E) D$ D(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict)+ Z1 k# m+ s9 R
The reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War.3 a: b% p! W% S
(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。)1 Z5 A) f5 [2 v6 k% r1 ]8 U
偶尔也有人用复数:
2 O! P- A5 B' x, D# eSeveral fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office.
0 j2 R1 F  d+ m: o(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。)
- |; ^8 ]9 t; G6 W(4) filthy rich:
3 }2 t7 ?& H. R# G, m6 O意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy)/ I) y5 k2 [; Q5 I0 r
(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)
' l3 H' [; F8 j+ n* K多半当形容词用。例如:6 }1 R1 t6 j0 i, j8 x9 O+ R
With a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich.
$ Z# C: j# _+ g/ d: ^$ ?( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。)
# R9 \2 ]  ~( \- i. FDespite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.2 m0 C' h1 f# a" p' U2 K; w9 A
(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。)
% ^' y( w+ A+ vA filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.% i. b# p. e$ J& Z; Z7 z6 ~
(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)# c1 P# A( Y4 e0 b
Filthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.( v! z8 |  O. L3 ^0 s
(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。)
- F& Q6 v+ N. |, B; M7 Y0 b' R(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)
0 T' T9 @& X; j$ I(5) fairy godmother:
; F5 `5 F3 w/ U% u& k, R9 f, q指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance)4 P- k4 T$ T# T# o; h
(多半指有钱的女人)2 x4 k# ^# d2 X7 S0 j6 m; c
(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:
' u& J; _+ I' b1 U& W6 R' sMr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars.
2 I5 q5 c, ^- s(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。)
; W! I' e* p0 g  aAfter lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother.  W( g. [2 c- |0 K9 W# D
(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。)
3 ~9 t$ T1 e/ C3 E& D0 v" X有时也用复数:3 D& Z, K. ?& E: }% E0 L
Only business women can act as fairy godmothers.
' t# `, `  ~5 b(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。)
# F4 N/ e. d) {. v" SIn Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.: ~! D3 Q$ Z0 L7 ~( M& p9 D  s
(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)
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6)eye opener:
# U% [; v6 M9 Y: I8 h指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion)0 ?( t! h$ `% X0 Z
(当名词用;通常只用单数)
/ x2 t/ ~* I4 X& w& ~. \: E例如:
( `* Z& \6 l! \: K: y/ e* F* JYour wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters.
6 g8 E- G4 Q& Q5 z4 z  f* Z& K(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。)8 T4 G6 p; _1 `# [
Mr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener.) ^4 v! R. e# A2 V
(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。)* r/ j5 L$ l9 x# l, U7 F
The popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants.' h% {$ X# r, X1 p. X( I
(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。)
. B9 C# k; X2 M+ H3 kSome American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people., ]1 ~/ u( {& z- Q
(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。)$ D; M; f! r8 U  S7 ]; r; l- O
(7) hot dog:: M9 C4 k3 D: n% h
指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用)0 @7 p+ L( i& b' h2 O
例如:5 |2 t, n4 h& t8 T) @
Some young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.
3 j5 Z- T" _1 X! _( B6 p  k5 W6 [0 b(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。); f1 E: z9 ~0 B4 G
(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers)
8 \! h: F7 u9 d. P$ l; R( CIn front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog.1 {) `2 f7 H+ _5 X2 N: ?3 Y% I
(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。)
0 s' n: t# e7 L( I7 N(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging)  r0 S( R* J6 n2 l4 [* c4 Z7 O
During the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.
9 M, q  O8 X9 @4 u7 w4 l(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。)) t: _( A" D- P4 K) v1 b) D# q
也指真正的热狗食物:+ X) x8 ~# j* [8 t) b  W
The hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.
+ Z6 v7 O6 k4 @5 H8 n(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。)# X& R$ X  M# O) I/ Y& K1 s
也可表达欣赏的心情:5 X; H8 f: q3 l8 L# P3 n% L
Hot dog ! What great news for me.
4 r  y6 b$ R1 `4 o! v7 j; m(真棒!对我来说是好消息。)0 R1 `* S- z+ X- G1 }
(8)eager beaver:
8 U& ^7 C% {& `指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others)
) ?5 e+ B; F. k- r+ y(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。)* f6 q+ P9 q% n" e: d8 M
(当名词用,可指男女)
6 g' z7 o: b3 J7 b例如:5 @: s  q$ R5 g% t, v
John seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late." d6 k% M; y  k: @+ n
(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。)5 O( k0 p0 a, r2 M2 b
Being an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.
2 N  R6 A2 j* ~(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)$ ?0 h* V8 Z/ m" _8 p
Does Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?( x5 `; b4 a8 t5 ~# H$ r
(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?)
$ Y- D5 P" ~8 Y2 Q8 w% @6 ZYou may find some eager beavers in any organizations.
- O5 q+ {5 @' |( M* \  X" X(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。)
2 e! ^- e( ?! N- u# u, D(9)doubting Thomas:& {7 v0 R) h8 A5 V' X4 z4 I, @
这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others)2 C# p2 l; X# B5 E% C( Y
(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活)
0 A) Y" b  \5 \+ h( F! z(当名词用)0 o/ s0 J8 V4 f" C+ K# h; O
例如:. I/ j2 r2 p& O: j) L9 ]/ A0 N
I am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise.
& d: L# [2 U, N" S- g$ V" ](我不怀疑王先生的承诺。)
# [& x+ r! u9 Z& ~. ~$ J. mThere must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas.
% [6 X- m& `- S/ K' R8 E(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。)* d5 J! E/ R- V% I8 T1 Q
也可用复数:
  S  s9 ?0 `7 J) xMy friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.1 u% I. Q# G: t
(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。)
$ i1 V2 k2 z( ?' C( NIf there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another., z$ A, H3 i7 q0 P, ^7 }" F2 E6 X
(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)6 x3 b3 i5 P3 X& X
(10)dragon lady:
+ |+ q9 u* ?- Y2 K- ^8 v指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用)
% |: k! K: i) T2 Y+ w" z例如:) S" z% C3 r) `2 z! s
The chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.( o" K3 r. h% y; o9 T. h
(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。)
* k+ _' d7 t; I1 [( I. CI am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady.! E0 I+ ]$ Q( T0 O
(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。)
! V0 r2 I7 l$ nShould your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?
, A  C% ~9 f. K(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?)& Y. J) ?$ _9 t' b
也可用复数:: h  l% y) U" x+ j* g( i. G" U6 o0 P* c
There may be many dragon ladies in our community.
; ]1 _; |: h% W& |(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。)
: K- U6 x( l! _& h. F* l注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表
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发表于 2006-11-26 22:31 | 显示全部楼层
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