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谈英语俚语

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发表于 2006-11-26 05:56 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
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谈英语俚语/ k4 G5 w% f7 L4 W$ ?/ D+ I" b0 e- W
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在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯
9 w) ]  Y$ I5 y) C之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。8 \, e# ?' K  c" x4 v
若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!* V& U2 N5 J( _  |4 {2 N" q8 P

! r- ^4 c- B- W# D) r; X(1) empty suit:
) x. o% c1 J. n2 y: R指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。
5 l: ~  h! N- {. j' Q5 k(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。)3 y+ C. d% I2 r/ [; @; X6 N; m
例如:
/ u/ ~) f/ j; d/ \+ @An empty suit generally gets no attention from the public.  I3 m! V9 Z, u3 T
(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。)
, I6 W; v' l0 Y9 mMr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit.
5 Y  B* ^# T7 L) a3 M(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。)
& _& H1 C1 J0 K: C! Q3 ^+ g虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:& y5 t8 D- }  t7 j- s$ F
The company is filled with a lot of empty suits.
( L% Z% K& F0 g+ l6 B(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人)& m$ Y9 W& G( _& w+ Y: T
(2) fair-haired boy:
5 W' o" ^( r$ L5 t1 b* {指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man)
. H  p1 N7 S1 l4 d4 W* l  Q(通常用单数,当名词用)0 T$ K1 L# \7 H" m
例如:0 I, h5 }' J6 M0 p2 W+ s
Mr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent./ |+ E0 ?# w& J1 a  C
( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。)2 K, N8 W1 M8 b5 o6 v' [! ?
Not being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.
4 t2 K8 B0 x! Y+ Q' O(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。)
  M& N' U+ G, J" W& h, P' [0 J有时也可用复数:2 P# j3 f/ `- S6 y, g
Mr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet.! r) I$ |1 N7 b+ j! d& ]9 A9 \( V+ @
(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。)1 [* b4 [- D9 f2 D9 z% _( d& g
Fair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses.- f$ Y, j7 J& q% n9 `
(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)
& `: E& s5 k) X(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法)
" t- b# _5 W$ n2 t4 l# V! y2 _/ x' P(3) fishing expedition:
4 c' P1 C8 r& f9 W1 Y3 X8 m& \为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information)) b  g) ~) {. x' k2 A/ u0 n6 ~5 `
(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数)
: W0 s% U, b  e5 h例如:* c2 _9 {; P& \5 b( Q0 z, Y0 z/ d: j
The judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.
6 ?3 J. }3 F1 x(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。)
' O! s% K& M+ ~2 t% w* iThe police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case.( K8 t/ A$ v5 X# o( T
(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。)* F* F& t2 F! e8 A8 e5 P* |
(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict)( ]7 L- f2 c8 m
The reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War.
1 [% D) q3 y6 L+ R& X. L3 B(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。)
0 P3 ^+ p6 i9 I0 o8 Y$ w3 R. ^偶尔也有人用复数:
$ u7 D! F& h5 k' D" Q) bSeveral fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office.# L0 h; T9 ]" _. Z+ D
(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。)
6 S' `+ Q  ]. X9 T* `& B  Z(4) filthy rich:
: W% L# C5 U* U& w意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy)
( @! V6 X6 U  a  ?& I- r8 ?. r(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)* b5 E& z' u5 A* R  s2 V; s+ \4 Z
多半当形容词用。例如:
8 G: @& M3 e; `5 H% zWith a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich.
; w5 w: E* b$ `1 x& H: V. W8 k( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。). u7 L) I! E" L! `3 z
Despite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.# i& ]- W4 w! n/ r( v% L6 J
(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。); v" p* J# a2 Y- y+ Z, R4 V
A filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.- D$ W9 _. L8 B! r- D, D7 T  l
(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)) D9 \: |+ `- S& P* }+ D
Filthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.
/ M0 J& j5 S5 d+ g& ]) \: T: x7 ^(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。)' Z! z7 X) Z2 R- [
(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)* B/ Q: `  [" b5 t+ h" B
(5) fairy godmother:
. T( b4 s  {. z+ z9 u指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance)- B; r) A6 C: [( K0 r
(多半指有钱的女人): E- o4 e* F) t2 m* o4 B: }- U
(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:
; T+ n9 E: M8 BMr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars.
2 I( c+ o  p9 s  f6 y3 q(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。)
) [/ r5 p5 |3 p* \, p- _6 c6 IAfter lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother.
/ Y( I* b' k6 J: J7 K" I* J- z(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。)# B. O% F4 k1 @) B5 }
有时也用复数:
2 H" a  T' e1 y1 J2 K8 c6 g2 D2 c7 XOnly business women can act as fairy godmothers.1 d6 V! x7 ?8 O/ q( C& z; u& f9 j5 |
(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。)% N. n  K6 j! S8 m1 d1 G
In Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.' t# [0 `, z. a2 J. m* R; S
(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)* V2 g; @0 @: D' g2 v" G2 P

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6)eye opener:  `0 h1 I$ X& [( u1 O  C
指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion)
& u2 q% N- M0 _: G% ^(当名词用;通常只用单数)7 A9 @/ f+ Q3 @3 \
例如:, c+ O4 L* j- |5 B2 \- I4 b7 E
Your wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters.
+ W) n, }7 k1 m! ]5 ](你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。)
2 [7 f- ]. T( k9 q6 KMr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener.
" s8 l8 z' z3 k" o: L- E(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。). D4 ~" L" `# I$ J
The popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants.
- \1 G& G0 k1 C/ F' j(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。)
6 t9 h% K9 B6 B; K% p: cSome American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people.2 ^2 K8 l! D4 w  y
(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。)
/ y( L2 a1 h& Z2 D2 h0 ]+ u( [(7) hot dog:- }" k: }; d$ V5 b
指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用)# `  f" k3 B9 O, f2 R  g$ N
例如:
7 [& o* |$ T4 w$ ]5 N( s9 FSome young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.
. ]0 @+ M; e4 ]6 F(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。)7 o: X# O; f" c0 ]. y2 T
(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers); r2 x# ?7 Q+ h9 @6 ?" d6 U. h
In front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog.# j6 c# M' @* G! q, T0 e% }$ f
(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。)
2 e$ t0 B3 y! J7 h/ f6 Q7 V- X: u(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging)
! ]1 U2 _. J8 P' u' vDuring the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.' M% V9 J6 h* i
(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。)) G: x: F3 S" D$ h) U& P
也指真正的热狗食物:  N* l: B7 G) Z+ B
The hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.9 p4 H$ `# a, N0 B: ?- ?
(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。)
- e; R8 p' X6 Z6 ]/ O1 V' K: m, e也可表达欣赏的心情:" G) R: A7 F. {# T/ c6 F; J; z
Hot dog ! What great news for me.8 D. I: G3 s1 A) o$ f6 ?( q
(真棒!对我来说是好消息。)$ |5 K. `3 ~: h% G" t' M
(8)eager beaver:3 h* J7 t8 @5 b% D! u
指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others)
$ ~  }' q: E2 Y* b. ?" |4 _( b(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。)
- N5 z/ g) {' ^7 @4 P; j(当名词用,可指男女)+ |& a6 [6 k$ W
例如:
' t+ S8 P4 r2 W, z" s$ JJohn seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late.
5 F( g8 F1 C. |5 ^& R(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。)6 F% i: V- `3 r
Being an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.# u/ n. |$ Q' _" `
(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)
9 I; A0 s5 r/ [4 m- GDoes Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?$ y, `. o9 t' R! ^! h3 `( v
(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?)& W6 `! `! g1 l8 k# U4 j2 Z0 E1 R
You may find some eager beavers in any organizations.% v# e( G1 N* m" D! m2 P
(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。): D' c! z9 j/ a
(9)doubting Thomas:0 G3 H0 Z* w+ O) `
这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others)
6 {- v* G- B0 K) l! ]7 L% D(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活)
2 P/ B4 v4 Y# J' l# w' q(当名词用)7 W7 i, ^- S3 f2 u+ J! p
例如:
* V, S" K0 K" j) c4 Y# aI am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise.
( `' d0 V, @9 B' w* y8 w% {: a! u, L3 t(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。)
& d- B+ O7 L2 ~. v! R( M# g7 kThere must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas." }* |, P$ R) o' ^" a$ }
(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。)* q  q! B7 W( t2 h0 \4 q4 i
也可用复数:
5 M+ `/ t4 Y1 u/ e# @My friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.9 s4 I5 {1 E6 d1 a1 H6 v2 W
(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。)
2 F3 o' s4 |+ L3 ZIf there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another.. V$ R! b; m4 x* r/ P% c
(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)
8 b# o0 H. V, e9 i& U' k1 p9 v(10)dragon lady:
% u* T/ y0 K1 b9 B; s指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用)# }' b7 E+ |% j+ H9 [5 N
例如:
& |( h" q$ P% k" p2 P, g( UThe chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.
" U4 ~8 j8 R' e. j: Y, d1 d(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。)
  k1 \4 i% ~* q7 ]I am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady.
' N& C# ^5 f' T: O7 j, ]8 k(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。)2 ]+ h' g# ]1 f6 L
Should your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?, v% H/ @9 p; d% \
(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?)
" [6 H, a' @2 N/ _- s, d! y也可用复数:/ I- P4 P0 A. Y) S" o$ G) i
There may be many dragon ladies in our community.
6 s6 E" w6 ]5 M. A  G: K! k7 l(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。)% d1 D$ q6 Q; f, k" e0 q
注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表
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发表于 2006-11-26 22:31 | 显示全部楼层
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