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谈英语俚语

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发表于 2006-11-26 05:56 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
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谈英语俚语; L% g; d' d5 ?9 C. W8 H; B9 s
* V" [/ G7 \' p( L+ s' T( X

2 H# [/ j. g2 I, I5 a; y在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯* ~9 G5 S" ~4 h
之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。
$ j# y2 \. D+ N& U- {) b! Y. o若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!
5 l& F3 ~8 Q* ~6 B* e) T  n$ m$ o+ r. z- y
(1) empty suit:
: v0 o+ z) W+ J, o) o& P指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。
% R2 D- R; t: Q) Q+ C9 G(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。)" r( e  W: H$ v* c
例如:
( T5 A% ?  h( [% _& e: X0 l. KAn empty suit generally gets no attention from the public.6 x' o: A5 l5 L% J7 W& o& _! B
(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。)6 W1 _. T' R( B* o
Mr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit.
# R3 o2 ]5 M$ l% a0 c(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。)1 l/ {6 @5 n/ R* W! U& I2 q6 c
虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:$ K0 T% n7 h' G& G
The company is filled with a lot of empty suits.4 b& l" `; j0 z3 ^; G4 R' u
(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人)4 b* l0 y2 u; Q$ i( {: g4 |& W
(2) fair-haired boy:3 F  P& y+ r5 D4 B0 T& h
指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man)
9 y7 c3 H9 e( Q6 H( g) m$ S4 b(通常用单数,当名词用)
) L, E& L+ }% L6 i( j8 ?  {例如:" }1 L( e% O. k8 V- j/ K+ G
Mr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent.
1 W+ d! c- T5 N: P2 S0 W; D; p. w( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。)
% u, z: i, ]% R3 s' h' K1 I4 J5 sNot being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.  X$ P; c1 C7 T( ^8 L  {
(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。)
4 \+ u4 ~! B4 g6 n; u& g! d有时也可用复数:; Y2 T: z9 ?+ k, U, ]! \0 l
Mr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet.! d! H3 ]" ?- s, d& s9 Z3 H
(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。)
/ w3 E4 r$ B' S, X" j3 bFair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses.
3 e6 z6 ?* u8 |2 W0 O# Z(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)
, r! f0 G2 p2 X  i6 ](但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法): N& P2 @# r& s( V7 y4 ]
(3) fishing expedition:3 {8 G- t2 H8 W- B% ^
为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information)
- V1 D0 k/ H: l- k: O8 e- U* |(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数), w7 P8 E- g; I7 S& @  K
例如:
, [, W% l' H8 R7 OThe judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.: C% V4 O9 Z/ f/ Y% Z
(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。)* |; w2 d) f: S2 E6 x& M( P
The police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case.0 p$ Z7 P8 ]5 l/ H0 w
(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。)
  |8 v1 Y6 z7 }6 e! b4 p  w& g(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict)8 L- u' k0 Y+ E5 f8 i9 K) U
The reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War.6 g$ [/ ]1 _! D. k
(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。)& ~9 c. Y' y; B5 O+ @1 ]8 A2 [1 J
偶尔也有人用复数:
/ ~3 j* H& Y* ^, }' D9 R7 oSeveral fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office.
, T5 i3 A6 x/ |1 A$ q9 @(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。)
5 |( Q% X/ t) y4 m4 [: w$ F(4) filthy rich:
/ C" {3 g1 P3 Z) F& G7 Z( w意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy)
/ X+ S5 ]1 G$ U(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)
: W5 R- `0 U& e7 q, Q! P7 ^' X/ e4 d多半当形容词用。例如:
! h7 s. ]* m" h) b0 C) c6 r2 xWith a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich.6 k: x7 V: o& g5 B+ m
( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。)5 \2 f; V% o8 k4 }& D5 i1 b
Despite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.
5 L; k) m1 g  s4 r" i% t6 U0 w% C) A(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。)% R% d' l& s4 W1 D. i, P# W
A filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.+ e% N6 e7 c( D+ s: V
(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)
; @# Y5 T' p0 `) h" o+ \Filthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.
' t2 z; P9 ~$ V: t: @! S(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。)& J7 P4 f6 ]4 v: F1 X8 h
(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)
! F. f9 G; Y0 W(5) fairy godmother:9 K3 W9 k- _0 C0 k
指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance)
) G# T9 R2 @. h- y(多半指有钱的女人)( N  O6 f* D; A, [) A+ D6 u
(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:8 F: t" V+ X( ?- O$ I% c
Mr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars.: N, y3 y; J- V: n
(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。): s! ]9 L. Y# p4 }5 `9 H+ F
After lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother.
# y3 k5 s9 B, j(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。)
  x1 a2 T8 m' C4 [" b5 k( z) u有时也用复数:9 ?7 n$ [! ?! Y; `" u: s
Only business women can act as fairy godmothers.7 o2 l" Z1 ?+ X0 X' k0 r# l
(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。); b7 t, ~: x& @( [; v( t! s
In Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.
# _% p2 F! E( U9 d9 L. O" X# ]4 J! r(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)
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6)eye opener:- I2 \' e: I- U" s/ Y- T& i
指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion)
9 o+ v& r. J& S% ]2 v(当名词用;通常只用单数)
9 c2 t# g5 w: E6 w例如:6 s" f8 A7 ^6 H0 ~8 I- X
Your wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters.( W/ d/ N; O: _! L& o
(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。)! t6 h0 r/ e) N1 d) G# y
Mr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener.
5 F) {! Y. l$ v0 O0 d4 [. W& X9 |(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。)+ @$ q8 m7 H( r# M, ^1 F# H
The popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants.
5 m) L( ]1 {; D! d  F8 i' [# |/ B(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。)# A" l8 a2 W& @( V  C0 _- d
Some American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people.& e( Q$ E$ n, B) v
(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。)1 N. M& c& f7 i' F0 ~0 h5 D
(7) hot dog:
; S8 ~' X5 P9 b: w( x2 \指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用). _5 i4 a( ]0 `& F8 [/ P3 i
例如:6 G3 |3 E& t! Z8 E# D1 b
Some young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.. `( Q( Q9 b7 I* ?  S$ Z& |, d. j
(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。)$ b' H3 u- ]2 ^  k# j* c
(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers)
7 Y6 N: W: }8 A. c) H" s  k3 AIn front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog." W9 p+ o8 ]+ ?) s
(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。)
0 T5 g8 G! h4 z3 b8 {(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging)
5 O% d  P1 f% y# s( x: d# zDuring the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.3 g; A+ H+ w( K5 r, w' p! F! x1 }
(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。)$ f3 A( ]( _, \5 R
也指真正的热狗食物:6 b8 Z  k4 r- q8 h1 L) l1 t" }! s
The hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.
+ P; R2 |' x5 o3 p. a( D8 H(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。)# h! R+ ]: x, v  K# T- ~4 [6 X
也可表达欣赏的心情:
8 O2 G' n( s2 ?* y. ^; k2 ?Hot dog ! What great news for me.
' r; g7 |" L! ]" i, u7 ]  O(真棒!对我来说是好消息。)
) I6 @) I6 Q1 {+ F$ p(8)eager beaver:
( m( @- n$ H' K3 c3 M. Q* S& U指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others)* V: ^, c/ |! ~' C% e
(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。)
. @8 _" |/ Q8 P0 C(当名词用,可指男女); r& Z* o, Z* x3 C
例如:1 K1 h1 @9 j, Z8 l3 p
John seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late.
$ B. l5 y! A, ~% B4 t% j(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。)/ R3 p/ ]; ]6 }7 z8 N* W
Being an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.6 e. l( x. v5 Y2 {: Y
(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)( ?1 g1 N" e, C3 k8 [/ m# _
Does Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?- U; L+ r, b) A4 n+ g9 t$ p
(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?)  r/ v  ~" ^1 p4 ?! M
You may find some eager beavers in any organizations.
3 H% w1 V/ \, {4 @' R4 W2 e- k(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。)- q, k! w; p7 _  P- U5 e
(9)doubting Thomas:7 n. r* z, F5 Q. j7 A6 n4 v
这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others)
$ B9 ^# S3 `# C+ k(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活)
3 F! I1 a/ @' [9 }! [! g- z! V& I(当名词用)5 G: j- X& [3 b0 h8 y
例如:
0 F% v7 J7 `  d+ K5 l8 Y! iI am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise.3 C5 [- v6 L% D4 [2 Q7 a% ?+ g
(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。)
% ~  f) t/ T- Z2 C; b2 t! eThere must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas.
6 x3 Z  d; A1 `- S3 ^+ v1 c(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。)
5 l  s9 ?7 Z- ]1 C7 X3 [也可用复数:
( F; j3 @  s% {8 QMy friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.6 B: d/ e& O8 K, W' x1 u# _
(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。)6 e2 U2 W$ o0 r! ?& D, l
If there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another.6 U6 H& [2 m& J# w$ ~
(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)
+ Z* i0 f$ u* `4 l4 k. _(10)dragon lady:
( x0 W9 i' f' b指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用)" n2 e4 F; [  d
例如:
# W; h* u8 g5 ?  ~: Z: LThe chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.
3 V0 e+ K2 l4 q2 t0 h  I) y0 F) Y(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。)
% f6 U" A- }* `I am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady.
- d! v0 l. k/ O2 ~9 Q- A& k( ?(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。)
; @  {& {4 Z+ A5 BShould your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?
, ]+ c. O, F+ R9 X( T4 l7 D(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?)
" x! c5 W1 u7 ?9 u( J+ A也可用复数:/ A& p2 d) p  o; X2 Z
There may be many dragon ladies in our community.3 g& k; L: ]: w3 i+ M2 r7 G7 S
(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。)+ y6 q9 e) ?) L6 O' D3 i
注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表
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发表于 2006-11-26 22:31 | 显示全部楼层
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