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本帖最后由 绿袖子 于 2014-4-2 23:42 编辑 ' o+ j; K$ @. l4 L
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( {" \. S' |9 C$ XCan you determine the origin (country) of a product from the barcode ?
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$ A( ~6 i4 M9 R- S a `Bar codes are something most of us never think about. If you look in your fridge or pantry right now, you will find that just about every package you see has a bar code printed on it. In fact, nearly every item that you buy in a grocery shop, supermarket or superstore has a bar code on it somewhere.7 _- i+ ~, w% Z0 y# ?
Bar codes were first used commercially in 1966, but it was soon realised that there would have to be a common standard. By 1970, the Universal Grocery Products Identification Code (UGPIC) was written by a company called Logicon Inc. The standard was further improved and led to the Universal Product Code (UPC) symbol set. To this very day, this standard is used in the United States and Canada . In June of 1974, the first UPC scanner was installed at a Marsh's supermarket in Troy, Ohio, and the first product to have a bar code was Wrigley's Gum.; u/ j* c- g" w. U2 `8 [* u
The Universal Product Code was the first bar code symbology widely adopted. Its birth is usually set at 3 April 1973, when the grocery industry formally established UPC as the standard bar code symbology for product marking. Foreign interest in UPC led to the adoption of the EAN (European Article Numbering) code format, similar to UPC, in December 1976.
1 s/ }# z1 N. t. V B* ~Currently, the United States and Canada use UPC bar codes as their standard for retail labelling, whereas the rest of the world uses EAN. Since January 1, 2005 all retail scanning systems in the USA must be able to accept the EAN-13 symbol as well as the standard UPC-A. This change will eliminate the need for manufacturers who export goods to the US and enjoyedmontoncts., S! b+ z4 d9 v$ i0 t
The first 2 (sometimes 3) digits, which are called the “flag”, indicate in what country the bar code was issued. This “flag” does not tell you, however, in what country the product was produced.
. L; N# @6 P( F* l. |3 h( uThe country codes used are :
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CODE \COUNTRY% n& m; e/ U% K! {: T5 h1 K [& v4 {' [! E* ]
00-13 USA & Canada# x, ^: i# e7 k: q5 w; t v2 `
20-29 reserved for local use (shops/supermarkets)
+ f2 A; K" o- P5 R# ^30-37 France: N; z5 E4 d2 [+ E
380 Bulgaria9 @6 b. l* ^1 r. O [
383 Slovenia* a& c- ?* v* }) V& D
385 Croatia0 m4 A0 o: q7 f7 k
387 Bosnia-Herzegovina: E7 K3 f: ?8 x( V
400-440 Germany* M/ h! X( e7 S) m& d
45 Japan
! c; m5 @7 D6 f- e8 ]46 Russian Federation$ A B0 n+ K4 X# F+ P9 V
471 Taiwan6 J* v. R* \, Q1 {9 O C
474 Estonia
! N. z; v# H/ D3 [475 Latvia
$ J! g8 a2 @, @* y- y476 Azerbaijan
; \, f% \+ |5 I3 t* Z477 Lithuania7 U) e, L3 v' j* e0 b' b8 W4 O# j# A
478 Uzbekistan
0 r* C2 \5 z5 n4 k479 Sri Lanka8 ]5 H5 S0 @1 B9 ]+ f- s5 W% d: }
480 Philippines
% l" }* V! m9 b) }2 H: I, j481 Belarus
! O! m' U& Z" l, j5 w9 l5 Y482 Ukraine
- i" x: p2 p2 F( W, {4 k$ A p' j484 Moldova) ?7 t* ~- c1 f) s8 f+ D
485 Armenia, k2 |% U- {2 a9 F5 U+ F+ k0 Z6 [7 J
486 Georgia( [8 d, S, U) Z$ m1 v
487 Kazakhstan
; e: @. y/ N1 k- `* l489 Hong Kong# {. d+ P) ]' s1 f0 K1 \. a( E
49 Japan
5 F3 Q: _* Y% N0 @50 UK6 g: T: ^/ D2 v4 ?9 _) C
520 Greece
' ]- s h! S2 ^4 b5 l528 Lebanon* F* `# u' M3 o( A
529 Cyprus, ?) ?! W- S% D6 W# K
531 Macedonia
- ?/ l/ |" p$ h, @# E535 Malta* A: Z5 V1 Y& Z: k" F2 w# L( X+ P
539 Ireland3 X# z: ?& C) ]! \
54 Belgium & Luxembourg' I- O; ^, L! v4 B
560 Portugal
) v& p1 ^3 I, J9 l& p3 T* d569 Iceland
# h) g! V- S \4 \% U57 Denmark
# J" ^5 B$ X! [5 b% H590 Poland+ O' G# f3 r6 W% F; I$ {1 H9 F
594 Romania. E' ]/ `8 W6 C+ d
599 Hungary
: l& _6 V. M5 b& Q. N. b8 p600-601 South Africa1 M% F, g1 T$ a9 J
609 Mauritius
5 W" Q7 R U/ z) t! K- n611 Morocco
) z9 y7 m+ {7 T6 j613 Algeria
) C4 ~& g; P: Z/ N6 A* F) p) D# S619 Tunisia
& R, D$ I4 P0 X3 b8 {621 Syria, Q8 P; z. b# v) s( @( }, b# o
622 Egypt: R, q( @/ @: ^; F
624 Libya+ G' U* R8 G$ ] @8 {( P4 t
625 Jordan$ \0 {( R1 t* _- Q" ~. _! q z+ i
626 Iran
( \% F: v: Q3 a! s: b627 Kuwait- k/ ]0 q8 ~ S3 [+ ^2 a+ i
628 Saudi Arabia
4 R- B, e: o& g3 A6 ?5 I$ u2 S; F629 United Arab Emirates
% ~% L0 ?! |0 d8 \3 ^& Y64 Finland1 R" Y) u9 m9 i" w7 E
690-692 China8 l" t: N6 K9 t! p1 _* N7 p
70 Norway
4 f9 o6 Q1 K4 R& F1 C729 Israel
, \# ~3 K0 u5 _' g; O [, ?73 Sweden
+ m5 N! H3 Y u740 Guatemala* y1 L! z* x! w; S3 C$ Z' j( e
741 El Salvador
6 _! p7 x, S+ }/ G1 m742 Honduras
0 {9 o+ e8 f' j: w$ m. I: ]& d743 Nicaragua5 G4 Q$ P, L: N! F) ]
744 Costa Rica
+ C2 V, x' \7 O. _9 Z' u2 B745 Panama
4 ]: E3 [0 i9 h( k" e- P746 Dominican Republic1 d( w) N) w. t1 S
750 Mexico
0 h5 c% i, E7 l2 a759 Venezuela
$ m! V' f! Z( t* `+ w. u M76 Switzerland
( D# d8 J5 T3 Y770 Colombia
) k/ M' S9 B. R6 w% V773 Uruguay1 X/ Z% Q+ Y" }) b5 n1 A
775 Peru
9 g8 {* j' q( z) s0 K8 m777 Bolivia" x" H9 X6 X X( x. z- r) U
779 Argentina
6 w% ^) X. C1 {3 P780 Chile) Z$ U& a5 k( H R
784 Paraguay+ N% R& ?" h$ Z! J/ C* P
785 Peru
# q* M; h' g9 ], [$ ?786 Ecuador
' D' V |$ {7 E+ Q789 Brazil9 D: p8 b- Y e- H' o3 p, I9 s
80-83 Italy2 \* J" C2 |+ w. D; p
84 Spain9 t3 S; f' a; h* w) K% C
850 Cuba# m4 D1 m2 |& a" x9 k
858 Slovakia
! g$ t$ k2 g7 Q: r859 Czech Republic
9 _* O u( {' r6 f, @$ [860 Serbia & Montenegro2 r( S$ w0 l% i8 L, q( |
869 Turkey, J: V9 p+ b! M9 v- X" e: P
87 Netherlands1 Q& x% K* G2 Z* M" A# R# c* n, x
880 South Korea
3 m; Y9 l% {0 J5 p" o; j4 q/ |8 Y885 Thailand
% ^/ U" x. t, ?: V. `8 K# q888 Singapore
+ _1 ]* B3 g' \% w, T890 India
K. w/ ]5 m7 G& `! O893 Vietnam
( D; `6 \# U' k* B6 t6 u x. L: e899 Indonesia" X, U3 h, E: F" G4 G; |1 @
90 -91 Austria& A2 X+ W6 Q+ V) w t8 Q9 ~1 {
93 Australia% E% B0 j9 C G* A
94 New Zealand
% Y" |( G7 y" K9 g5 q+ d9 d1 \% ^6 \955 Malaysia
}2 o3 Z) f/ ~! j9 Z+ Q958 Macau( d, M3 }* e( |
977 ISSN (International Standard Serial Number for periodicals)
: Y, g+ q0 d4 ~2 @+ h978 ISBN (International Standard Book Number)
8 O1 [& n5 T8 }: i/ s# j, T979 ISMN (International Standard Music Number)
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More information and source : http://users.pandora.be/worldstandards/barcodes.htm
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