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缘分”是所谓命中注定的人与人遇合的机缘。英译“缘分”(亦作“天缘”)以及“有缘”、“无缘”常用的英文词有fate, luck, lot, destiny 等。请看几个例子:; ~, G5 N/ A. Y
0 e1 K8 R" e4 t- r) f* i L# ]1.富贵功名,前缘分定。(《西游记》)+ H' M1 H) A6 s& c* S- @
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Wealth and honor, glory and fame, are predetermined by fate. (W.J.F. Jenner 译)
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0 m/ L: `+ p1 H" f! J; Q; K2.[宝玉问香菱为何薛蟠相亲定下了金桂,香菱笑道] 一则是天缘,二来是“情人眼里出西施”(《红楼梦》) + I; j- |- L$ D9 [
/ L2 O, o: z- A$ C/ ]( @6 FIt‘s partly fate, and partly a case of "Beauty is in the eye of the beholder."(杨宪益、戴乃迭 译) 0 m& I( L- a- |
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3.[王婆为了撮合西门庆和潘金莲,故意问前者是不是妻子死后,没有别的女人他中意的。西门庆争辩说]做甚么了便没?只恨我夫妻缘分上薄,自不撞着!(《水浒》)
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' q7 s/ R4 r, c! ?* Q2 j: E, r2 lWho says there isn‘t? It‘s just that my marriage luck has been bad. I‘ve never met the right one. (S. Shapiro 译)
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+ ?3 k- E; m/ G% j7 O! J. e, P4.她无缘,小生薄命。 (《西厢记》) ( W" M! E# ?$ R4 _7 ~
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She lacks the karma; I‘m out of luck. (S. H. L. Idema 译)
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) ]6 u# G: S* @1 _: s9 z$ Q5.[刘备送别徐庶时说]备分浅缘薄,不能与先生相聚。(《三国演义》)
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My meagre lot, my partly destiny keep us from remaining together.( M. Robers 译)+ |, ?, o) l6 E4 `+ y, } O
2 D# q8 l' x0 O8 Z6.[杜慎卿向季苇萧诉说自己没有知心朋友]只为缘悭分浅,遇不着一个知己,所以对月伤怀,临风洒泪!(《儒林外史》)
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( s9 G& c3 F! }7 T2 c g* pBut I have not been lucky enough to find a true friend, and that is why I so often give way to melancholy! (杨宪益、戴乃迭 译)' q1 C( H3 O( a! [$ G
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7.君琴瑟之好,自相知音;薄命人乌有此福。如有缘,再世可相聚耳。(《聊斋.宦娘》)
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" ^; F) N+ k% J) X: {You are like a matching lute and zither set. You can appreciate each other‘s music. Fate has been too unkind to allow me
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$ i3 e% l2 b2 y" A3 |such blessings. If we are linked by the ties of destiny, we will meet again in the next life. (D.C. & V. H Mair 译)
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8.[方鸿渐看不中张小姐,心中暗说]“我你他”小姐,咱们没有“举碗[案]齐眉”的缘分,希望另有好运气的人来爱上您。 (《围城》)0 |0 x* c s, M3 M
+ i& j+ ^$ M5 uMiss Wo-Ni-Ta, we just weren‘t meant to "raise the bowl To the eyebrows." I hope some other lucky guy falls in love1 O8 y, u' B1 {3 c1 y" D' Y
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with you. (J. Kelly、 N. K. Mao 译)* y5 i! u3 i, Q2 H$ Y& x
) g; K5 n' |2 [, e! f) Q可以看出,以上句子里的中心词都含有“命运”的意识,英译亦然。《围城》一例所mean,据New World Dictionary 等词典的解释也有 to destine or seem to destine 的意思,颇为妥帖。8 [2 J7 ~, W' Z* N
. v$ f! F; N* ]" P# U) T然而,“缘分”等词和命运的关联在有的用法里变得淡化了,甚至完全消失了。它只是泛指一种机遇或者机会。所以M. Roberts翻译《三国演义》的以下两句,用的词语和上边英译句子中的相应部分不同:, D: c0 Q' e* h* i% p1 y3 }
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9.[刘备二顾草芦时误认诸葛均为为诸葛亮,说]备久慕先生,无缘拜会。
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, u5 n% [6 w/ \; d/ F. ^, jYour talents and your virtue have ever been the objects of my esteem. But I have not had the honour of being presented to you.
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不仅如此,这种机遇还可以发生在人和事物之间。体育报道里说的“无缘(进入)决赛(be barred from entering the finals; be disqualified for the finals) 即其一例。《浮生六记》的作者沈复(字三白)因妻子陈芸喜欢李白和白居易的诗,就跟她说:5 _9 h. ]7 v! [7 B" m& F# @8 Q& t" d0 e! w
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11.异哉!李太白是知己,白乐天是启蒙师,余适逢字三白,为卿婿;卿与“白”字何其有缘耶?: B6 B9 C8 B3 l9 T3 V
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This is very strange. So LiBai is your bosom friend, Bai Juyi is your first tutor and yours band‘s literary name is Sanbai. It seems
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that your life is always bound up with the Bai‘s. (林语堂 译) |
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